In November 2007, the Gentium Basic and Gentium Book Basic fonts were released, containing Gentium fonts in four faces: regular, italic, bold, and bold italic.

These are the weights that are currently available in the Gentium Basic and Gentium Book Basic fonts.

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In recent times, its teaching has been most notably expressed in the Vatican II council documents Unitatis Redintegratio ( 1964 ), Lumen Gentium ( 1964 ), Nostra aetate ( 1965 ), an encyclical issued by Pope John Paul II: Ut Unum Sint ( 1995 ), and in a document issued by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Dominus Iesus in 2000.

The teaching of the Second Vatican Council on the College of Bishops contained within the decree Lumen Gentium has sometimes been interpreted as conciliarism, or a least conducive to it, by liberal and conservative Catholics alike ; however, the text of the document as well as an explanatory note ( Nota Praevia ) by Paul VI makes the distinction clear.

Gentium has wide support for languages using the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic alphabets, and the International Phonetic Alphabet.

Released shortly afterward was a variant called " Gentium Plus Compact ," which has compact spacing for aesthetic reasons.

Since the initial release of the Gentium Plus fonts, the focus of the project has shifted to completing bold and bold italic weights of the Gentium Plus family, as well as the creation of a " Gentium Book Plus " family with a slightly heavier weight which may be useful at small sizes.

It has no symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet, but the diacritic forms ⟨⟩ and ⟨⟩ are sometimes seen, and a dedicated ad hoc symbol ⟨< span style =" font-family: Gentium Plus, Charis SIL, Doulos SIL, serif "></ span > ⟩ may be easily created ( see below ).

In 2003, the Gentium font was awarded a Certificate of Excellence in Type Design from the Association Typographique Internationale ( ATypI ) as one of the best designs of the previous five years.

Gentium fonts are free and open source software, and are released under the SIL Open Font License ( OFL ), which permits modification and redistribution.

An updated version of the roman and italic fonts called Gentium Plus, which includes the full extended Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic coverage, was released in November 2010.

Most Protestants deny the need for this type of continuity and the historical claims involved have been severely questioned ; Eric Jay comments that the account given of the emergence of the episcopate in chapter III of Lumen Gentium " is very sketchy, and many ambiguities in the early history of the Christian ministry are passed over " Their reasons are given in detail below.

The Catholic Church teaches that Jesus personally appointed Peter as leader of the Church and in its dogmatic constitution Lumen Gentium makes a clear distinction between apostles and bishops, presenting the latter as the successors of the former, with the pope as successor of Peter in that he is head of the bishops as Peter was head of the apostles.

The Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples ( Congregatio pro Gentium Evangelizatione ) is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for missionary work and related activities.

Perhaps the most famous and most influential product of the council is the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, Lumen Gentium.

' This Church, constituted and organized as a society in the present world, subsists in the Catholic Church, which is governed by the successor of Peter and by the bishops in communion with him " ( Lumen Gentium, 8 ).

During the Second Vatican Council, there was a novel attempt to develop a positive theological view of the World, which is illustrated by the pastoral optimism of the constitutions Gaudium et Spes, Lumen Gentium, Unitatis Redintegratio and Dignitatis Humanae.

Lumen Gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, is one of the principal documents of the Second Vatican Council.

As is customary with significant Roman Catholic Church documents, it is known by its first words, " Lumen Gentium ", Latin for " Light of the Nations ".

One of the key portions of Lumen Gentium is its second chapter, with its declaration that the Church is " the People of God ":

According to " Subsistit in " in Lumen Gentium, the Patriarch is a validly consecrated bishop in Roman ecclesiology, and there is merely an imperfect ecclesial communion between Constantinople and Rome, which exists nevertheless and which may be improved at some point in history.

" The Second Vatican Council's dogmatic constitution Lumen Gentium further declares that " the one Church of Christ which in the Creed is professed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic, ... constituted and organized in the world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, which is governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him ".

Vatican II, in its Dogmatic Constitution Lumen Gentium, shows that mortal sin is still mortal sin although some people have tried to twist the writings.

The Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples ( Congregatio pro Gentium Evangelizatione ) in Rome is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for missionary work and related activities.

However, the teaching these terms represent is precisely restated in paragraph 954 of the Catechism, which quote Lumen Gentium, the Constitution on the Church of the Second Vatican Council:

Quoting the Second Vatican Council ’ s document Lumen Gentium, the Catechism of the Catholic Church states: " The Pope, Bishop of Rome and Peter's successor, ' is the perpetual and visible source and foundation of the unity both of the bishops and of the whole company of the faithful.

Gentium ( Latin for of the nations ) is a Unicode serif typeface designed by Victor Gaultney.

The Catechism of the Catholic Church, quoting the Second Vatican Council ’ s document Lumen Gentium, states: " The Pope, Bishop of Rome and Peter ’ s successor, ‘ is the perpetual and visible source and foundation of the unity both of the bishops and of the whole company of the faithful .’"

It is one of the more important encyclicals of Pope Pius XII, because of its topic, the Church, and because its Church concept was fully included in Lumen Gentium but also strongly debated during and after Vatican II.

In 1757 Bertram published at Copenhagen a volume entitled Rerum Gentium Historiae Antiquae Scriptores Tres.

* Sapientia, Adonai, Radix Jesse, Clavis David, Oriens, Rex Gentium, Emmanuel: " O Antiphons " as interactive hypermedia ( Shockwave required ) at the BinAural Collaborative Hypertext.

These anonymous comments on the theological schemata debated at Vatican II, and the articles he published, also influenced the development of several conciliar constitutions such as Dei Verbum and Lumen Gentium.

The Preliminary Note of Explanation did not in fact alter the value of the statement on collegiality in the text of Lumen Gentium: it " strengthened the adherence to the doctrine of the First Vatican Council on the primacy, but it did not subsequently strike out anything from the direct divine origin of the episcopal office and its function, and the responsibility of the College of Bishops for the Universal Church.

Following the recommendations of the council ( in Lumen Gentium 29 ), in 1967 Pope Paul VI issued the motu proprio Sacrum Diaconatus Ordinem, restoring the ancient practice of ordaining to the diaconate men who were not candidates for priestly ordination.

Inspiration for this idea sometimes comes from the Second Vatican Council's Lumen Gentium, which teaches that those " who no fault of their own, do not know the Gospel of Christ or His Church, but who nevertheless seek God with a sincere heart, and moved by grace, try in their actions to do His will as they know it through the dictates of their conscience – those too may achieve eternal salvation ".

* Gentium — a typeface for the nations

* Gentium for LaTeX: package ( not yet official ), how to install it and how to use it

Certain Traditionalist Catholic groups, particularly Sedevacantists, consider Lumen Gentium to be the demarcation of when the Roman Church fell into heresy, pointing to the use of " subsistit in " rather than " est " as an abdication of the Church's historic ( and to them compulsory ) identification of itself alone as God's church.

Gentium was released under the Open Font License on November 28, 2005.

Schemata on ecumenism ( Unitatis Redintegratio ), the official view on Protestant and Eastern Orthodox " separated brethren ", the Eastern Rite churches ( Orientalium Ecclesiarum ), and the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church ( Lumen Gentium ) were approved and promulgated by the Pope.

At the Second Vatican Council ( 1962 – 1965 ) the debate on papal primacy and authority re-emerged, and in the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lumen Gentium, the Roman Catholic Church's teaching on the authority of the Pope, bishops and councils was further elaborated.

Papal Magisterium, i. e., Papal teaching authority, was defined in Lumen Gentium # 25 and later codified in the 1983 revision of Canon Law.

The Second Vatican Council had already given an exposition of the nature of religious life in chapter 6 of the Constitution Lumen Gentium.

In 2007, the Holy See reaffirmed the duty of Catholics to evangelize members of other religions, and this was largely interpreted as a clarification of Lumen Gentium, against the statements of liberals and others claiming that Christian proselytism had become historically and politically outmoded.

His fame rests chiefly on the preface and notes to his translation of Samuel Pufendorf's treatise De Jure Naturae et Gentium, translated as Of the Law of Nature and Nations, 4th ed., 1729, London, by B. Kennett et al.

The dogmatic constitution Lumen Gentium of the Second Vatican Council specifically highlights the priesthood of all believers.

Pope Paul VI chose to follow the path recommended by Maximos IV and he therefore established commissions to introduce what would become paragraphs on the Muslims in two different documents, one of them being Nostra Aetate, paragraph three, the other being Lumen Gentium, paragraph 16.

In Lumen Gentium, the Second Vatican Council declares that the plan of salvation also includes Muslims, due to their professed monotheism.

... Of the fifty-three titles into which the excerpts were divided, only six have survived: de Virtutibus et Vitiis ; de Sententiis ; de Insidiis ; de Strategematis ; de Legationibus Gentium ad Romanos ; de Legationibus Romanorum ad Gentes.

One of the earliest Nativity hymns was Veni, Redemptor Gentium composed by Saint Ambrose in Milan in the 4th century.

* Lumen Gentium, one of the principal documents of the Second Vatican Council.