Despite the successes enjoyed by his troops, Germanicus ' German campaign was in reaction to the mutinous intentions of his troops, and lacked real strategic value.

* Germanicus is appointed commander of the forces in Germany, beginning a campaign that will end in 16.

* Emperor Tiberius sends Germanicus to the east in order to lead a military campaign against Parthia.

This campaign, led by Tiberius and Quaestor Legatus Germanicus under Emperor Augustus, was one of the hardest and most critical for the Roman Empire.

In AD 6, the Pannonians, with the Dalmatians and other Illyrian tribes, engaged in the so-called Great Illyrian Revolt, and were overcome by Tiberius and Germanicus, after a hard-fought campaign which lasted for three years.

In the first years of the 1st century, Tiberius, his brother Drusus, and Germanicus conducted a long campaign in Germania, the area north of the Upper Danube and east of the Rhine, in an attempt at a further major expansion of the Empire's frontiers, and a shortening of its frontier line.

The battle marked the end of a three-year campaign by Germanicus in Germania.

This loss loomed large in the Roman psyche and revenge for this defeat, as well as the neutralization of the threat of Arminius, were the impetus for Germanicus ' campaign.

Once the mutiny was suppressed, Silius continued to serve loyally under Germanicus, participating in the Roman retaliation campaign ( from 14-16 AD ) against a Germanic alliance in the aftermath of the disaster at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.

Germanicus was always favored by his great uncle and hoped that he would succeed Tiberius, who had been adopted by Augustus as his heir and successor.

Agrippina and Germanicus in their union had nine children, of whom three died young.

According to Suetonius who had cited from Pliny the Elder, Agrippina had borne to Germanicus, a son called Gaius Julius Caesar who had a lovable character.

Germanicus was a candidate for future succession and had won fame campaigning in Germania and Gaul.

Agrippina had reminded Germanicus on occasion of his relation to Augustus.

It was widely suspected that Germanicus had been poisoned or perhaps on the orders of Tiberius, with Agrippina believing he was assassinated.

Germanicus had two younger siblings ; a sister, named Livilla, and a brother, the future Emperor Claudius.

Germanicus ’ death in the year 19 caused much public grief in Rome, and gave rise to rumors that he had been murdered by Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso and Munatia Plancina on the orders of Tiberius, as his widow Agrippina the Elder returned to Rome with his ashes.

This feud dated back to Agrippina's mother's actions against Tiberius after the death of Germanicus, actions which Tiberius had gladly punished.

He had two older siblings named Germanicus and Livilla.

In order to do so, he dropped the cognomen " Nero " which he had adopted as paterfamilias of the Claudii Nerones when his brother Germanicus was adopted out.

This feud dated back to Agrippina's mother's actions against Tiberius after the death of her husband Germanicus ( Claudius's brother ), actions which Tiberius had gladly punished.

This was never proven, and Piso later died while facing trial ( ostensibly by suicide, but Tacitus supposes Tiberius may have had him murdered before he could implicate the emperor in Germanicus ' death ).

:: A. Germanicus, 16 BC or 15 BC – 19 AD, had 6 children

Vitellius was the first to add the honorific cognomen Germanicus to his name instead of Caesar upon his accession ; the latter name had fallen into disrepute in many quarters because of the actions of Nero.

They had two children, a son called Germanicus and a daughter whose name is unknown ( b. ca 55 ).

The city opened its gates to Corbulo, just as it had to Germanicus four decades before.

Meanwhile, Germanicus ' troops had built a fort on Mount Taunus from where he marched with about 30, 000 – 35, 000 men against the Chatti.

He received the appellation ' Germanicus ' shortly after his death in recognition of the fact that the bulk of his territory had been in the former Germania.

Unlike the nomen and cognomen, an agnomen was usually not inherited unless the son also had the same attribute or did the same deeds, although some victory agnomina like Augustus (" Majestic ") and Germanicus (" the German ( Conqueror )") eventually became handed down as additional cognomina.

As Firmicus says that hardly any Roman except ' Caesar ' ( by whom he almost certainly means Germanicus Caesar rather than Julius Caesar ), Cicero and Fronto had treated the subject, it is probable that he did not know the work of Manilius.

Augustus seems to have had Tiberius adopt Germanicus as heir because of the latter's marriage to his granddaughter Agrippina ( the last of Augustus ' living grandchildren not in disgrace ) ensured that his own descendents ( through a female line ) would inherit one day-but not because of any secret blood relationship.

Some Roman sources of the period suggest that Tiberius gave Piso secret instructions to thwart and control Germanicus, who had been sent to supervise all Eastern provinces.

Other finds have been made in Poulton and Skippool ; in addition to coins, these have included a medal of Germanicus and a hipposandal ( similar to a horseshoe ).

The marriage appears to have been an unhappy one, and fell victim to the machinations of the notorious palace guardsman Sejanus, who exploited his intimacy with Livilla to scheme against Germanicus ’ family.

Tiberius's second wife was Julia the Elder, Marcus Agrippa's widow ( his first wife had been Vipsania, Agrippa's daughter by his first marriage ); Caesar Augustus adopted Tiberius on June 26, 4, whereupon Tiberius himself adopted his brother Drusus's son by Mark Antony's daughter, Germanicus Julius Caesar.

Augustan Culture: An Interpretive Introduction, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1996. pp. < span class =" plainlinks "> 120-121 .</ span ></ ref > If the gem had been commissioned in A. D. 12, referring to Tiberius ’ triumph over the Germans and the Pannonians, or later, it would be quite logical to assume that the young Germanicus, born in 13 B. C., was old enough to don his gear and prepare for war, years after his father ’ s death.

At birth, Germanicus had been known as either Nero Claudius Drusus after his father or Tiberius Claudius Nero after his uncle.

The Angrivarii's defection or revolt ( defectio ) in the middle of Arminius's renewed operations against the Teutoburg Forest must have been secured in advance by Germanicus.

Once the Cherusci had been dealt with, Germanicus turned his attention to the Angrivarii.

Thusnelda was taken to Rome and, together with her brother Segimundus, displayed in Germanicus ' victory parade in 17 AD, with her father an honored spectator.

She returned to Rome to avenge his death and boldly accused Piso of the murder of Germanicus.