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Vitellius was the first to add the honorific cognomen Germanicus to his name instead of Caesar upon his accession ; the latter name had fallen into disrepute in many quarters because of the actions of Nero.
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Vitellius and was
This betrothal was broken off in 48 when Agrippina, scheming with the consul Lucius Vitellius the Elder, the father of the future Emperor Aulus Vitellius, falsely accused Silanus of incest with his sister Junia Calvina.
The earliest known owner of the Beowulf manuscript is the 16th-century scholar Laurence Nowell, after whom the manuscript is named, though its official designation is British Library, Cotton Vitellius A. XV because it was one of Robert Bruce Cotton's holdings in the Cotton Library in the middle of the 17th century.
When Otho was defeated by Vitellius at the First Battle of Bedriacum however, the armies in Judaea and Egypt took matters into their own hands and declared Vespasian emperor on 1 July 69.
In Rome meanwhile, Domitian was placed under house arrest by Vitellius, as a safeguard against future Flavian aggression.
By the afternoon of 20 December Vitellius was dead, his armies having been defeated by the Flavian legions.
But any further development of Otho's policy was checked once Otho had read through Galba's private correspondence and realized the extent of the revolution in Germany, where several legions had declared for Vitellius, the commander of the legions on the lower Rhine River, and were already advancing upon Italy.
The fleet was at once dispatched to secure Liguria, and on 14 March Otho, undismayed by omens and prophecies, started northwards at the head of his troops in the hopes of preventing the entry of Vitellius ' troops into Italy.
For example, the defeat of Vitellius in the Year of the Four Emperors was decided when the Danubian legions chose to support Vespasian.
Vitellius (; 24 September 15 – 22 December 69 ), was Roman Emperor for eight months, from 16 April to 22 December 69.
Vitellius was acclaimed emperor following the quick succession of the previous emperors Galba and Otho, in a year of civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors.
Once he realised his support was wavering, Vitellius prepared to abdicate in favour of Vespasian, but was executed in Rome by Vespasian's soldiers on 22 December 69.
He was the son of Lucius Vitellius Veteris and his wife Sextilia, and had one brother, Lucius Vitellius the Younger.
Suetonius also recorded that when Vitellius was born his horoscope so horrified his parents that his father tried to prevent Aulus from becoming a consul.
Through these two men a military revolution was speedily accomplished ; they refused to renew their vows of allegiance to Emperor Galba on 1 January 69, and early in 69 Vitellius was proclaimed emperor at Cologne.
As soon as it was known that the armies of the East, Dalmatia, and Illyricum had declared for Vespasianus, Vitellius, deserted by many of his adherents, would have resigned the title of emperor.
His body was thrown into the Tiber according to Suetonius ; Cassius Dio's account is that Vitellius was beheaded and his head paraded around Rome, and his wife attended to his burial.
On 20 December, Vitellius was defeated, and the following day Vespasian was declared Emperor by the Roman Senate.
At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Vitellius ( or, less frequently, year 796 Ab urbe condita ).
Vitellius and first
Although the war had officially ended, a state of anarchy and lawlessness pervaded in the first days following the demise of Vitellius.
Along with XXII Primigenia, the legion supported Vitellius, governor of Germania Superior, in the Year of the Four Emperors ( 69 ), first against Otho, then Vespasian, who would become emperor in the end.
Between June 68 and December of 69, Rome witnessed the successive rise and fall of Galba, Otho and Vitellius until the final accession of Vespasian, first ruler of the Flavian Dynasty, in July 69.
During the Year of the Four Emperors ( 68-69 ) XV Primigenia and the other German border legions supported the claim of Vitellius to the throne, first against Galba and afterwards against Otho.
In the year of the four emperors ( 69 ), XIII Gemina supported first Otho and then Vespasian against Vitellius, fighting in the two Battles of Bedriacum.
On July 1 Alexander became the first to make a decisive move against Vitellius: on receipt of a letter from Vespasian, he instructed his forces to take the oath of allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
In his library, it was placed as the 15th manuscript on the first shelf of the bookcase that had a bust of Vitellius.
Vitellius and cognomen
" Vitellius did not adopt the cognomen " Caesar " as part of his name, and may have intended to replace it with " Germanicus " ( he bestowed the name " Germanicus " upon his own son that year ).
Vitellius and Germanicus
Above the doors, marble medallions, brought from Italy by Catherine de ' Medici, show Roman emperors: Galba, Claudius, Germanicus, Vitellius and Nero.
Otho was then defeated by Aulus Vitellius who acceded with the name " Aulus Vitellius Germanicus Imperator Augustus.
She gave birth to two sons named Aulus Vitellius Germanicus ( who was the short lived Emperor in 69 ) and Lucius Vitellius.
Vitellius and name
In the Year of the Four Emperors ( 69 ), after the death of Nero, the legion received the name I Italica and fought for Vitellius at the second Battle of Bedriacum, where the Vitellians were defeated by forces supporting Vespasian.
When it is rolled up in a certain way, the markings become a coded message ; Cato is only able to discover that it concerns a plot to kill the emperor before he is knocked out by Lavinia, who read on ahead and saw Vitellius ’ name.
Vitellius and instead
To reward his victorious legionaries, Vitellius disbanded the existing Praetorian Guard and installed his own men instead.
Vitellius and Caesar
At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Vitellius ( or, less frequently, year 800 Ab urbe condita ).
Counterclockwise, these are catalogued as Julius ( i. e., Julius Caesar ), Augustus, Cleopatra, Faustina, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero, Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian, Titus, and Domitian.
Nevertheless, Caesar had become such an integral part of the imperial dignity that its place was immediately restored by Titus Flavius Vespasianus (" Vespasian "), whose defeat of Vitellius in 69 put an end to the period of instability and began the Flavian dynasty.
Vitellius and upon
Terms of peace, including a voluntary abdication, were agreed upon with Titus Flavius Sabinus II, but the soldiers of the Praetorian Guard — the imperial bodyguard — considered such a resignation disgraceful, and prevented Vitellius from carrying out the treaty.
Emperor Tiberius orders his governor of Syria, Vitellius, to capture or kill Aretas, but he is reluctant to support Herod and abandons his campaign upon Tiberius ' death in 37.
When Marcus Antonius Primus, the general of Vespasian, was marching upon Rome ( 69 AD ), he joined the ambassadors that were sent by Vitellius to the victorious general, and going among the soldiers of the latter, preached about the blessings of peace and the dangers of war, but was soon made to stop.
He decided, upon gaining further widespread support, to return to Rome to claim the throne from the usurper Vitellius, leaving his son Titus to finish the war in Judea.
Vitellius and accession
* 69 – Year of the Four Emperors: after the assassination of Galba, Otho and Vitellius briefly become emperors before Vespasian's accession to power in the end of the year ; Flavian dynasty begins
They were instrumental in the final defeat of Vitellius in the second Battle of Bedriacum and in the accession of the Flavians to the throne of Rome.
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