Given Binet's stance that intelligence testing was subject to variability and was not generalizable, it is important to look at the metamorphosis that mental testing took on as it made its way to the U. S.

Given an integer n ( throughout this article, n refers to " the integer to be factored "), trial division consists of testing whether n is divisible by any number.

Given the large difference in cost between all other proton pump inhibitors and that of omeprazole, many physicians recommend a trial of over-the-counter products before beginning more extensive therapies and testing.

Given the smaller size of pickup trucks in the Tacoma's category, crash testing for these sized trucks lags with how well most full size trucks perform.

Given his link with Toyota through sportscars he was an obvious choice for this role, and after impressing in testing he was hired to race for the season.

Given a trigonometric series f ( x ) with S as its set of zeros, Cantor had discovered a procedure that produced another trigonometric series that had S ' as its set of zeros, where S ' is the set of limit points of S. If p ( 1 ) is the set of limit points of S, then he could construct a trigonometric series whose zeros are p ( 1 ).

Given testable information, the maximum entropy procedure consists of seeking the probability distribution which maximizes information entropy, subject to the constraints of the information.

Given the emphasis on fulfillment of the plan, managers may also hesitate to adopt new technology, since introduction of a new procedure might impede operations and even jeopardize plan fulfillment.

Given some pa formula containing N variables, this decision procedure requires simplifying 2 < sup > N </ sup > PA formulae.

Given the observing procedure, OTELO will allow studying a clearly defined volume of the Universe at a known flux limit.

Given control by the U. N. to Magneto until the E Is for Extinction story.

So, a collection of functions with given signatures generate a free algebra, the term algebra T. Given a set of equational identities ( the axioms ), one may consider their symmetric, transitive closure E. The quotient algebra T / E is then the algebraic structure or variety.

The East border is now 24th Avenue E. jogging over at 96th to Swan creek, and south to 104th Street E. The South border is now 104th Street E. jogging over at 14th Avenue E to roughly 109th Street E. and west to Golden Given Road E. The West border is now Golden Given Road E. Golden Given Road E is also the east border of the Jessie Dunlap Donation Land Claim with the north and south borders roughly the same as the combined Meeker claims.

Given that genes are universal to living organisms, genetics can be applied to the study of all living systems, from viruses and bacteria, through plants and domestic animals, to humans ( as in medical genetics ).

Given the decreasing influence of the movement, its name is sometimes applied in a broader sense to any modern practice related to folklore.

Given a force applied to the cue ball ( probably resulting from a player hitting the ball with his or her cue stick ), we want to calculate the trajectories, precise motion, and eventual resting places of all the balls with a computer program.

Given that both companies have a work force of approximately 100, 000 employees, and a U. S. employment base of roughly 20, 000 H-1B holders, this indicates that roughly 1 / 5 of the Indian workforce of Infosys & Wipro applied for a visa in 2006.

Given the size of the majorities in the legislature, the minorities law has to be applied to prevent the party from having a two-thirds majority.

Given a conception of relevance, two measures have been applied: Precision and recall:

Given an n-dimensional formal group law F over R and a commutative R-algebra S, we can form a group F ( S ) whose underlying set is N < sup > n </ sup > where N is the set of nilpotent elements of S. The product is given by using F to multiply elements of N < sup > n </ sup >; the point is that all the formal power series now converge because they are being applied to nilpotent elements, so there are only a finite number of nonzero terms.

Given the ability to knock down, in essence, any gene of interest, RNAi via siRNAs has generated a great deal of interest in both basic and applied biology.

Given the peculiar characteristics of computer programs for circumventing encryption and other access control measures, the DMCA as applied to posting and linking here does not contravene the First Amendment.

Given the abundance of spacecraft data for other planets in the Solar System, data assimilation is now also applied beyond the Earth to obtain re-analyses of the atmospheric state of extraterrestrial planets.

: Given any set X of pairwise disjoint non-empty sets, there exists at least one set C that contains exactly one element in common with each of the sets in X.

* Given any combination of complex numbers, bras, kets, inner products, outer products, and / or linear operators, written in bra-ket notation, its Hermitian conjugate can be computed by reversing the order of the components, and taking the Hermitian conjugate of each.

Given is each element's name, atomic number, year of first report, name of the discoverer, and some notes related to the discovery.

The knapsack problem or rucksack problem is a problem in combinatorial optimization: Given a set of items, each with a weight and a value, determine the number of each item to include in a collection so that the total weight is less than or equal to a given limit and the total value is as large as possible.

* Named entity recognition ( NER ): Given a stream of text, determine which items in the text map to proper names, such as people or places, and what the type of each such name is ( e. g. person, location, organization ).

* Part-of-speech tagging: Given a sentence, determine the part of speech for each word.

* Topic segmentation and recognition: Given a chunk of text, separate it into segments each of which is devoted to a topic, and identify the topic of the segment.

# Given an array of values to be sorted, set up an auxiliary array of initially empty " pigeonholes ," one pigeonhole for each key through the range of the original array.

Given the above expression, evidently the result of her ( local ) measurement is that the three-particle state would collapse to one of the following four states ( with equal probability of obtaining each ):

: Given an isolated system in equilibrium, it is found with equal probability in each of its accessible microstates.

Given a list of cities and their pairwise distances, the task is to find the shortest possible route that visits each city exactly once and returns to the origin city.

Given two school classes, one with 20 students, and one with 30 students, the grades in each class on a test were:

Given that this is a plane wave, each vector represents the magnitude and direction of the electric field for an entire plane that is perpendicular to the axis.

Given the maximum observed frequency ( MOF ) for a mode on each day of the month at a given hour, the MUF is the highest frequency for which an ionospheric communications path is predicted on 50 % of the days of the month.

* Given an infinite string where each character is chosen uniformly at random, any given finite string almost surely occurs as a substring at some position.

* Given an infinite sequence of infinite strings, where each character of each string is chosen uniformly at random, any given finite string almost surely occurs as a prefix of one of these strings.

The quantum circuits used for this algorithm are custom designed for each choice of N and the random a used in f ( x ) = a < sup > x </ sup > mod N. Given N, find Q = 2 < sup > q </ sup > such that < math > N ^ 2

Given a fixed physical relationship in space between the different individual microphone transducer array elements, simultaneous DSP ( digital signal processor ) processing of the signals from each of the individual microphone array elements can create one or more " virtual " microphones.

Given " mappings " of input variables into membership functions and truth values, the microcontroller then makes decisions for what action to take, based on a set of " rules ", each of the form:

BONUS: " Given a pair of resistors, give their equivalent resistance if they were connected in parallel with each other.

* Given two hypothetical point particles each of Planck mass and elementary charge, separated by any length, α is the ratio of their electrostatic repulsive force to their gravitational attractive force.

Given a differentiable manifold M, a vector field on M is an assignment of a tangent vector to each point in M. More precisely, a vector field F is a mapping from M into the tangent bundle TM so that is the identity mapping