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Page "Kramers–Kronig relations" ¶ 6
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Given and any
: Given any family of nonempty sets, their Cartesian product is a nonempty set.
: Given any set X of pairwise disjoint non-empty sets, there exists at least one set C that contains exactly one element in common with each of the sets in X.
Given that John of Worcester wrote his chronicle after the eruption of the Canterbury – York supremacy struggle, the story of Ealdred renouncing any claims to Worcester needs to be considered suspect.
Given the absolute magnitude, for objects within our galaxy you can also calculate the apparent magnitude from any distance ( in parsecs ):
* Given any Banach space X, the continuous linear operators A: X → X form a unitary associative algebra ( using composition of operators as multiplication ); this is a Banach algebra.
* Given any topological space X, the continuous real-or complex-valued functions on X form a real or complex unitary associative algebra ; here the functions are added and multiplied pointwise.
Given any element x of X, there is a function f < sup > x </ sup >, or f ( x ,·), from Y to Z, given by f < sup > x </ sup >( y ) := f ( x, y ).
Given any expression involving complex numbers, bras, kets, inner products, outer products, and / or linear operators ( but not addition ), written in bra-ket notation, the parenthetical groupings do not matter ( i. e., the associative property holds ).
* Given any combination of complex numbers, bras, kets, inner products, outer products, and / or linear operators, written in bra-ket notation, its Hermitian conjugate can be computed by reversing the order of the components, and taking the Hermitian conjugate of each.
Given x ∈ A, the holomorphic functional calculus allows to define ƒ ( x ) ∈ A for any function ƒ holomorphic in a neighborhood of Furthermore, the spectral mapping theorem holds:
Given that a natural language such as English contains, at any given time, a finite number of words, any comprehensive list of definitions must either be circular or rely upon primitive notions.
Given any vector space V over a field F, the dual space V * is defined as the set of all linear maps ( linear functionals ).
* Given any set X, there is an equivalence relation over the set of all possible functions X → X.
Given a left neutral element and for any given then A4 ’ says there exists an such that.
Given a groupoid G, the vertex groups or isotropy groups or object groups in G are the subsets of the form G ( x, x ), where x is any object of G. It follows easily from the axioms above that these are indeed groups, as every pair of elements is composable and inverses are in the same vertex group.
Given that Gable and Cukor had worked together before, in Manhattan Melodrama and Gable had no objection to working with him then, and given Selznick's desperation to get Gable for Rhett Butler, if Gable had any objections to Cukor, certainly they would have been expressed before he signed his contract for the film.
On poverty, Hoover said that " Given the chance to go forward with the policies of the last eight years, we shall soon with the help of God, be in sight of the day when poverty will be banished from this nation ", and promised, " We in America today are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before in the history of any land ," but within months, the Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred, and the world's economy spiraled downward into the Great Depression.
Given the state at some initial time ( t = 0 ), we can solve it to obtain the state at any subsequent time.
We have seen a few cavities of the appropriate size and shape for ivory-bills, but these can be old, or exceptionally large Pileated Woodpecker cavities, or mammal-enlarged Pileated Woodpecker cavities .… Given the results, it is unlikely a population of any meaningful size of Ivory-billed Woodpeckers exists in south Florida.
Given a general algorithm for integer factorization, one can factor any integer down to its constituent prime factors by repeated application of this algorithm.
Given the above-mentioned problems, regulators face the challenging task of regulating a market that is changing very rapidly, without stifling any type of innovation, and without improperly disadvantaging any competitor.
Given that the cost of replacing an executive can run over 100 % of his or her annual salary, any investment of time and energy in re-recruitment will likely pay for itself many times over if it helps a business retain just a handful of key players that would have otherwise left.
: Given any positive number ε, there is a sequence

Given and analytic
An analytic philosopher, Rorty believed that combining Willard Van Orman Quine's criticism of the analytic-synthetic distinction with Wilfrid Sellars's critique of the " Myth of the Given " allowed for an abandonment of the view of the thought or language as a mirror of a reality or external world.
The functional equation was established by Riemann in his 1859 paper On the Number of Primes Less Than a Given Magnitude and used to construct the analytic continuation in the first place.
Given the partial correspondence between the 1-dimensional Hausdorff measure of a compact subset of and its analytic capacity, it might be
Given a generating function, analytic combinatorics attempts to describe the asymptotic behavior of a counting sequence using algebraic techniques.
Given that the function is analytic within each of these quarters, a nonzero winding number N ( always an integer ) identifies N zeros of the function inside the quarter in question, each zero counted as many times as its multiplicity.

Given and function
Given a function f of type, currying it makes a function.
Given a function of type, currying produces.
Given the definition of above, we might fix ( or ' bind ') the first argument, producing a function of type.
Given a function f ∈ I < sub > x </ sub > ( a smooth function vanishing at x ) we can form the linear functional df < sub > x </ sub > as above.
Given a subset X of a manifold M and a subset Y of a manifold N, a function f: X → Y is said to be smooth if for all p in X there is a neighborhood of p and a smooth function g: U → N such that the restrictions agree ( note that g is an extension of f ).
Given a vector space V over the field R of real numbers, a function is called sublinear if
Given a complex-valued function ƒ of a single complex variable, the derivative of ƒ at a point z < sub > 0 </ sub > in its domain is defined by the limit
Given a function f of a real variable x and an interval of the real line, the definite integral
Given that estimation is undertaken on the basis of a least squares analysis, estimates of the unknown parameters β < sub > j </ sub > are determined by minimising a sum of squares function
Given a set of training examples of the form, a learning algorithm seeks a function, where is the input space and
Given an arithmetic function, one can generate a bi-infinite sequence of other arithmetic functions by repeatedly applying the first summation.
Given a function ƒ defined over the reals x, and its derivative ƒ < nowiki > '</ nowiki >, we begin with a first guess x < sub > 0 </ sub > for a root of the function f. Provided the function is reasonably well-behaved a better approximation x < sub > 1 </ sub > is
Given a relation, scaling the argument by a constant factor causes only a proportionate scaling of the function itself.
# Composition operator ( also called the substitution operator ): Given an m-ary function and m k-ary functions:
# Primitive recursion operator: Given the k-ary function and k + 2-ary function:
# Minimisation operator: Given a ( k + 1 )- ary total function:
Given a class function G: V → V, there exists a unique transfinite sequence F: Ord → V ( where Ord is the class of all ordinals ) such that

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