Given the high thermal design power of high-speed computer CPUs and components, modern motherboards nearly always include heat sinks and mounting points for fans to dissipate excess heat.

Given a closed system in an initial state, if work is done on the system in an adiabatic ( i. e. no heat transfer ) way, and given the final state after a process, the amount of work required to be transferred to the system is the same, irrespective of how this work is performed.

Given a heat value of a fuel, it would be trivial to convert from fuel units ( such as litres of gasoline ) to energy units ( such as MJ ) and conversely.

Given sufficient time under fire or heat conditions, these products char away, crumble, and disappear.

Given the same energy source and operating conditions, a higher COP heat pump will consume less purchased energy than one with a lower COP.

Given a cheap, high-temperature heat source, other hydrogen production methods are possible.

Given a transfer function in the form

Given a transfer function in the same form as above:

Given essentially free stocks, friends of the Erie Railroad grew rich ; that is, Drew had found a way to transfer Vanderbilt's wealth to his own friends.

Although he submitted a transfer request during the 2000 – 01 campaign after losing his position in the starting line-up, it was denied, and Given went on to regain his place.

Given submitted a written transfer request in December 2000, after failing to regain his place in the first-team from Steve Harper after a thigh injury had ruled him out of a match against Leeds United.

After a transfer fee initially reported to be around £ 8 million was agreed between the clubs, Given signed for Manchester City on 1 February, with the transfer window set to close the following day.

Hughes was very active in the January 2009 transfer window, signing Wayne Bridge from Chelsea, Craig Bellamy from West Ham United, Shay Given from Newcastle United as well as Nigel de Jong from Hamburg.

Given that content from users at different domains passes through the MLChat server, dirty-word scanning is employed to protect classified content, and there has been some debate about if this is truly an MLS system or more a form of cross-domain transfer data guard.

Given the electromechanical principle of the meter, the deviation of the needle is actually approximately proportional to the average of the part of the signal with more than approximately 0. 4V instantaneously because of the two copper-oxide rectifiers always in series, which transfer function curve has a knee around 0. 2V.

Given that AMEs do transfer interocularly, it is reasonable to suppose that they must occur in higher, binocular regions of the brain.

Harper has handed in a transfer request in his time with Newcastle, citing lack of regular first team football as his reason ( something which Given also did when Harper kept him out of the team under Gullit ).

During the transfer window of the same month, Given moved to Manchester City, elevating Harper's position within the club and so after nearly 16 years, Harper was finally first-choice goalkeeper at 33 years old.

Given its importance, a pulse sequence employing direct excitation of < sup > 1 </ sup > H spin polarization, followed by CP transfer to and signal detection of < sup > 13 </ sup > C, < sup > 15 </ sup > N ) or similar nuclei, is itself often referred to as CP experiment, or, in conjunction with MAS, as CP-MAS and Stejskal, 1976.

Given a transfer function,

Given that EUV is a technology requiring high vacuum, the throughput is limited ( aside from the source power ) by the transfer of wafers into and out of the tool chamber, to a few wafers per hour.

Given this limitation, most payloads are first launched into a transfer orbit, where an additional thrust maneuver is required to circularize the elliptical orbit which results from initial space launch.

Given a year to complete the work, Gibson undertook the actual writing out of " blind animal terror " at the obligation to write an entire novel – a feat which he felt he was " four or five years away from ".

" As Shelly Kagan says, “ Given the parameters of the actual world, there is no question that …( maximally )… promoting the good would require a life of hardship, self-denial, and austerity … a life spent promoting the good would be a severe one indeed .”

Given that different languages have different grammatical features, the actual test for which nouns are mass nouns may vary between languages.

" Given their penchant for blacksmithing, many scholars believe the legend of the Cyclopes ' single eye arose from an actual practice of blacksmiths wearing an eyepatch over one eye to prevent flying sparks from blinding them in both eyes.

Given that the 49th was in poor shape when Brock took command they saw little of the actual combat.

Given that he never reigned, his brother Nicholas II is regarded as the last actual, or de facto Tsar of Russia, and Michael is relegated to a largely forgotten footnote of history.

Given that the outputs of much of the work that is undertaken in advance of development work is not published in peer reviewed journals, the people that perform the actual research are often anonymous and unrecognized.

Given the specific gravity of a substance, its actual density can be calculated by rearranging the above formula:

Given the mean arrival and service rates, then actual rates vary around these average values randomly and hence have to be determined using a cumulative probability distribution function.

Given that overhang, it was not inherently clear what the actual " home run line " would have been in straightaway center.

Given the ~ 10 ° uncertainty in the actual rotational axis of Camilla, one can say that the orbit's inclination is less than 10 °.

" Given this presentation, it is hardly surprising that it has been taken to be a retelling of an actual legend ; Gallico writes that " the person and character of the painter are wholly fictional as is the story itself, although I am told that in some quarters the snow goose appearing over Dunkirk has been accepted as legend and I have been compelled to reply to many correspondents that it was sheer invention.

Given behavior adaptation and migration, the current rigorous Interstate effectiveness of 14 % and CLRS on single-lane highways effectiveness of 14 % could be over-estimations of the actual " big-picture " reduction.

Given the status of this resignation as voluntary ( as Tung claims ), and there are allegations that the citing of health reasons may not be an actual truth, as there is technically nothing prohibiting the use of excuses in such a manner.

Given the increased size of the imperial estates and holdings, the res privata not only survived but was also officially divided into two different treasuries, the res privatae of actual lands and the patromonium sacrae, or imperial inheritance.

Given sufficiently speedy mail delivery times, customers on " Unlimited " plans who turn around their discs quickly enough can receive enough shipments in a month that the company's actual cost of delivery exceeds the subscription fee, making the company unprofitable.

Given the close proximity to the Pakistani border, it seems to have the most contact with enemy forces and not just in the form of ( improvised explosive devices ) or rocket attacks it's actual direct fire contact with the enemy.

Given this " semantic view " of the user's file system, Magellan not only exposed " hidden meaning " from disparate data, but also facilitated the actual movement of files and directories into a better physical organization.

Given such contradictions, these characters ' actual names and thus identities remain unclear.