Given the absolute magnitude, for objects within our galaxy you can also calculate the apparent magnitude from any distance ( in parsecs ):

Given the absolute magnitude, you can also compute apparent magnitude from its parallax:

Given such a sweeping definition, it is apparent that cognition is involved in everything a human being might possibly do ; that every psychological phenomenon is a cognitive phenomenon.

Given the apparent magnitude (> 20 ) of all but the biggest trans-Neptunian objects, the physical studies are limited to the following:

Given the existence of such irreconcilable opponents to the Byzantines as Krakra, Nikulitsa, Dragash and others, such apparent passivity seems difficult to explain.

Given the complex nature of human smuggling and trafficking operations, the difference between these two criminal operations is not always readily apparent.

Given that a person's subconscious motivations are often not apparent or under the control of a person and are likely to unseat conscious decisions that they may make, how is it then possible for a person to control and modify their own actions in order to improve their actions and act in accordance with the dictates of the Torah?

Given the Necromongers ' apparent faith in and respect for the power of the Quasi-Dead, this is a very impressive feat.

Given the change in direction apparent in his poetry, scholars assume only his death a short time after publication prevented him from further exploration ; the collection may in fact have been published posthumously.

Given that Soviet success, the apparent inactivity on the most direct route of approach towards Warsaw, through the suburb of Praga, lasting through August and the first half of September, is to say the least puzzling.

Given the apparent evolution of thought in Plato's dialogues from his early years to his middle and later years, it is often believed that the dialogues began to represent less of Socrates and more of Plato as time went on.

Given that recorded vocalizations are an effective means to attract owls, and given the similarity of a distant accordion's tune to the call of the Laughing Owl as reported, it is apparent that the method might have worked.

Given this apparent gap in international law, several months later US President Bush announced the initiative with his counterpart, Polish President Aleksander Kwaśniewski at Wawel Castle in Kraków on May 31, 2003.

Given the long orbit that TNOs have around the Sun, Huya comes to opposition in early May of each year at an apparent magnitude of 19. 3.

Given the controversy on the etiology of PANDAS ( i. e., whether caused by strep throat ) and the apparent ambiguity in the definitions of the clinical presentation leading to different research results, a new definition was proposed that would clarify the presentation of symptoms to ensure that research studies were studying the same group of children.

Given their long range, high survivability and ability to carry many medium-and long-range nuclear missiles, submarines were credible and effective means for full-scale retaliation even after a massive first strike.

Given its great distance, the daytime " guest star " observed by the Chinese could only have been a supernova — a massive, exploding star, having exhausted its supply of energy from nuclear fusion and collapsed in on itself.

" Given the massive undertaking in creating 11 volumes over 50 years, errors and incompleteness were inevitable by Durant's own reckoning ; but no other historical survey matches let alone exceeds the breadth and depth of his project, he claimed.

Given the military-industrial requirements of the Cold War, the authors of the then secret National Security Council Report 68 ( NSC-68 ) proposed the US government undertake a massive permanent national economic expansion that would let it “ siphon off ” a part of the economic activity produced to support an ongoing military buildup to contain the Soviet Union.

Given its proximity to the Asian continent, Australia has had, and continues to witness, a massive immigration of Chinese and other Asians.

Given the size of the Catholic community at the time, the massive bluestone Gothic cathedral was an immense and very expensive undertaking, and there were long delays while funds were raised.

Given RAF Kenley's importance, the Luftwaffe attempted to destroy it by means of a massive bombing raid on 18 August 1940.

Given his stature as a figure of power, his proclamation sparked massive riots.

Given the team's massive budget, its early results were disappointing but a form reversal in 2006 saw the team finish 2nd in the teams ' standings.

Given a particular query, the DBMS ' query optimizer is responsible for devising the most efficient strategy for finding matching data.

Given a particular query, the DBMS ' query optimizer is responsible for devising the most efficient strategy for finding matching data.

:( a ) Given player 2's strategy, the best payoff possible for player 1 is V, and

:( b ) Given player 1's strategy, the best payoff possible for player 2 is − V.

Given the large force facing him and the defects of the fort's site, Montcalm opted for a strategy of defending the likely approaches to the fort.

Given the severity of the Wyoming winters, this strategy was not unreasonable, but many of his junior officers, anxious for battle, were infuriated.

Given the circumstances under which he operated, he put together an imposing war machine and masterminded a sophisticated strategy that suggest he had a keen grasp of the economic, political, and geographic contexts in which he operated.

Given respite by the Union strategy, the Confederate Army improved the defenses of Mobile Bay by strengthening Fort Morgan and Fort Gaines at the entrance to the bay.

; Dominated outcome: Given a preference ν on the outcome space, we say that an outcome a is dominated by outcome b ( hence, b is the dominant strategy ) if it is preferred by all players.

Given its ineffectiveness on that occasion, the strategy was then largely forgotten, aside from the fact that Maverick player Bubba Wells, whose assignment it had been to foul Rodman, set the all-time NBA record for fewest minutes played ( 3 ) in fouling out of a game.

Given then-standard banking criteria for mortgage-lending, black people usually did not qualify for mortgages from banks and savings and loan associations ; instead, they recurred to land installment contracts at above market interest rates to buy a house — a racist economic strategy eventually leading to foreclosure.

Given the simplicity of the strategy, as well as the fact that it is difficult to stamp out, leaderless resistance has been employed by a wide-range of movements, from terrorist and hate groups, to the animal-liberation movement, radical environmental movement, as well as anti-corporate and anti-abortion activists.

* Policy and strategy should constantly engage with one another: Given that current engagements are open-ended, Mullen posits that military strategy must be more constantly engaged with policy.

Given carte blanche in its operations by Wilson, the strategy adopted by the Cairo Gang was to assassinate members of Sinn Féin unconnected with the military struggle, assuming that this would cause the IRA to respond and bring its leaders into the open.

Given concerns about the previous programs using nuclear-tipped interceptors, in the 1980s the U. S. Army began studies about the feasibility of hit-to-kill vehicles, i. e. interceptor missiles that would destroy incoming ballistic missiles just by colliding with them head-on.

Given the rank of Lieutenant, he was posted to the Army School of Physical Training at Frankston, Victoria, to act as a divisional supervisor of physical training.

Given the backdrop of the increasingly violent War of Independence, any candidates opposed to Sinn Féin and their supporters could expect to be shot or harassed by the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ).

Given his prestige, Rundstedt was a central figure in the Blomberg – Fritsch Affair which engulfed the German Army in early 1938.

Although the German Command expected another Allied landing in the Mediterranean, the advancing Red Army and the Allied Landing at the Normandy required all German resources, so little was done to improve the condition of Army Group G. Given the advancing Allied forces in northern France, the German Command deemed a realistic defense in the South impossible.

Given the precarious situation, Hitler moved away from his " no step backward " agenda and agreed to an OKW plan for the complete withdrawal of Army Group G and B.

Given concerns about the previous programs using nuclear tipped interceptors, in the 1980s the U. S. Army began studies about the feasibility of hit-to-kill vehicles, where an interceptor missile would destroy an incoming ballistic missile just by colliding with it, the so-called " Kinetic Kill Vehicles ", or KKV.

An eyewitness account of the last day of Major André can be found in the book The American Revolution: From the Commencement to the Disbanding of the American Army Given in the Form of a Daily Journal, with the Exact Dates of all the Important Events ; Also, a Biographical Sketch of the Most Prominent Generals by James Thacher, M. D., a surgeon in the American Revolutionary Army:

Given command of the Army of the Cumberland, he fought against Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg at Stones River, and later outmaneuvered him in the brilliant Tullahoma Campaign, driving the Confederates from Middle Tennessee.

Given the utility of the design in combat in China, the Imperial Japanese Army was therefore content to retain the Type 94, although the design, and indeed the concept of the tankette, came to be regarded as obsolescent in Western armies.

Given the Red Army offenses on the Eastern Front, they must have obtained Enigma machines.

Given the powers and levels of responsibility, only ranking full generals in the Japanese Army were selected for the post ( with the sole exception of retired admiral Saito Makoto ).

Given that the seizure of so much of Central and Eastern Europe, and the accompanying violence directed against various Slavic groups, Jews, Communists, homosexuals, prisoners of war, and so-called partisans, was part and parcel of the Nazi idea of the German nation, and that the forced departure of German settlers and ethnic Germans ( the Volksdeutsche ) living in the extended Reich before the advance of the Red Army was amongst its consequences, the memory of the violence accompanying German occupation and then evacuation of that land is another abiding element of this struggle.

Given that Vikings on a raid tried to avoid pitched battles, it's possible that mail was primarily worn more for invasion scenarios such as the Great Heathen Army of the mid-9th century in England or Harald Hardrada's invasion of Northumbria in 1066.

Given the tide of militant nationalism that swept through India and the resentment and revolts it inspired, it is arguable that its overarching aim: to germinate public resentment and revolts within the Indian forces of the British Indian Army to overthrow the Raj was ultimately successful.

Given the size of the forces deployed across the border, it is thought that the Iraqi Army planned to continue the offensive, after the successful capture of Al-Khafji, in order to seize the valuable oil fields at Dammam.

Given these shortcomings, those modern weapons that were available were allocated to the British Army, and the Home Guard was forced to supplement the meagre amount of outdated weapons and ammunition they had with ad hoc weapons.

Given the strongly entrenched opposition the Greek Army faced, historian Richard Hall cites the Battle of Bizani and the fall of Ioannina as Greece's greatest military achievement in the First Balkan War.