Given the suspension of semicha, any beth din existing in medieval or modern times is in theory a court of laymen, acting as arbitrators.

Given the remarkable range of Aristotelian philosophy, it was possible to discuss all kinds of issues in medieval and Renaissance philosophy.

Given that range of dates and the evidence of the surviving medieval buildings, it is likely that the friary was founded c. 1250.

Given that travel to London was an onerous burden during the medieval period, however, the Statute of Westminster II provided in 1285 for trial of fact in civil cases at the local assizes.

Given the strong medieval trade connections between south-east England and the County of Flanders when the latter belonged to the Duchy of Burgundy, the name may have been derived from the Middle Dutch krick (- e ), meaning a stick ; or the Olde English cricc or cryce meaning a crutch or staff.

Given the similarities in the two characters ' names, professions, written works and generally dark subject matter, it is likely that Lovecraft's Alhazred provided the main inspiration for al-Hazir.

Given that the right to be politically active has granted them the opportunity to expand their knowledge and influence in current affairs, they are now considered one of the main components in the country's decision-making in both politics and economy.

Given the distance from the main body, our problem is to determine the form of the surface that satisfies the equipotential condition.

Given the services performed by logisticians, the main fields of logistics can be broken down as follows:

Given that a number of the coins were hidden behind scenery, this second task proved to be more difficult than the main game.

Recent findings suggest to differentiate between three types of hoarding, that is: pure hoarding, hoarding plus OCD ( i. e., comorbid OCD ), and OCD-based hoarding Given the aforementioned distinction, it was proposed to increase coverage of compulsive hoarding in the forthcoming Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition ( DSM-V ), both by creating a distinct category for compulsive hoarding, provisionally named, Hoarding Disorder ( either in the main manual under " obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders " or in the appendix ), and by including hoarding as a potential symptoms of OCD.

Given such vehicles are ordinary road cars and are mostly at the end of their useful lifetimes mechanical reliability is the main obstacle to completing the course.

On the issue of the second home he wrote: " I have concluded that Mr MacKay was wrong to designate the Bromsgrove property as his main home Given that, it would be unreasonable to hold that Ms Kirkbride could not make legitimate claims from parliamentary resources for the home in her constituency which she had identified as her second home ".

Given this division, until recently none of the main north-south streets lined up.

Given that it is more likely that the main mass loss occurred near aphelion before the 1845 apparition, it seems possible that fragment A at least may still exist as a ' dormant ' comet.

Given the limited dispersion of the orbital parameters and the spectral homogeneity, it has been suggested that the group could be a remnant of the break-up of an asteroid from the main asteroid belt.

Given that he's more of a military man than a scientific one, his interests tend to conflict with the other main characters.

Given that the form mixes harangue with self-reflection, it is always clear where the argument tends and the context is brought along with the main thrust, whether the issue is cooking, Lawino's relatives being told they cannot drop in unannounced, or the pretensions and fashions of the urban second wife.

Given the fact that the hull of the Joyita was sound and her design made her unsinkable, a main concern of investigators was determining why the passengers and crew did not stay on board if the events were simply triggered by the flooding in the engine room.

Given that the movement of the main rod cannot be fully counterbalanced, the duplex design would drastically reduce " hammer blow " on the track.

Given that they were the first main group of diesel locos used in Ireland, they proved very successful and quickly gained a reputation for comfort and reliability by contrast to the poor cab conditions and suspension rocking of the Class 113 and the interminable breakdowns of the 001 / 201.

Given this world of " kill or be killed ", the main goals of characters in HoL are survival and escape.

Given its large mass, this star was formerly a member of spectral type A that has now evolved off the main sequence into the giant phase.

Given the leadership of Rockwell and Koehl the American Nazi Party and its successor the National Socialist White People's Party were the main constituent groups of the WUNS.

Given this easy access to main Sydney's main arterial road network, companies such as Coles Myer and Woolworths Limited have transport and logistics complexes situated off Great Western Highway the between the Wallgrove Road and Reservoir Road exists from the M4.

Given its fertile soil, its commune's economy is mainly agricultural, and it is one of the main produce centers in the country.

Given the above commonalities there appear to be only two string theories: the heterotic string theory ( which is also the type I string theory ) and the type II theory.

Given that assumption, the evidence for the one-seed theory is the fact that a woman can conceive without coming to orgasm ( though this was still a matter of dispute in the ancient world and the Middle Ages ).

Given gravitation's predominance in shaping cosmological structures, accurate predictions of the universe's past and future require an accurate theory of gravitation.

Given the lack of a significant outer convection zone, theory predicts the absence of a magnetic dynamo in earlier A stars.

The wavelets forming a continuous wavelet transform ( CWT ) are subject to the uncertainty principle of Fourier analysis respective sampling theory: Given a signal with some event in it, one cannot assign simultaneously an exact time and frequency response scale to that event.

Given the variety of approaches, Economic Geography has taken to many different subject matters, including: the location of industries, economies of agglomeration ( also known as " linkages "), transportation, international trade, economic development, real estate, gentrification, ethnic economies, gendered economies, core-periphery theory, the economics of urban form, the relationship between the environment and the economy ( tying into a long history of geographers studying culture-environment interaction ), and globalization.

Given this lack of semantic transparency, researchers, outreach workers, critical theorists and LGBT activists have proposed and use terms such as institutionalized homophobia, state (- sponsored ) homophobia, sexual prejudice, anti-gay bigotry, straight privilege, The Straight Mind ( a collection of essays by French writer Monique Wittig ), heterosexual bias, compulsory heterosexuality or the much lesser known terms heterocentrism, homonegativity, and from gender theory and queer theory, heteronormativity.

; Inverse problem of Galois theory: Given a group G, find an extension of the rational number or other field with G as Galois group.

Given Rico's skill with a firearm, Joe would later posit the theory that Rico was trying to commit suicide by cop out of a deep disgust at what he had become, rather than trying to kill him.

The prime mechanism then appeared to be this: Given a space X carrying a vector bundle, that implied in the homotopy category a mapping from X to a classifying space BG, for the relevant linear group G. For the homotopy theory the relevant information is carried by compact subgroups such as the orthogonal groups and unitary groups of G. Once the cohomology H *( BG ) was calculated, once and for all, the contravariance property of cohomology meant that characteristic classes for the bundle would be defined in H *( X ) in the same dimensions.

Given the shortcomings of the beneficial acclimation hypothesis, researchers are continuing to search for a theory that will be supported by empirical data.

Given that the derivatives as Schwartz distributions are symmetric, this kind of example belongs in the ' fine ' theory of real analysis.

Given a model M of a Skolem theory T, the smallest substructure containing a certain set A is called the Skolem hull of A.

* Bernhard Riemann publishes his paper on number theory, die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebenen (" On the Number of Primes Less Than a Given Magnitude ") including the Riemann zeta function and Riemann hypothesis.

Given the possible relationship between awareness and cognition, and consciousness, this theory contributes an interesting perspective in the philosophical and scientific dialogue of awareness and living systems theory.

Given any gene in the body of an organism, we can trace a single chain of ancestor organisms back in time, following the lineage of this one gene, as stated in the coalescent theory.

Given that Fildes is reported to have had a tendency to make " extravagant boasts ", and that the grenade modifications could have been aimed at making it lighter, the validity of the botulinum toxin theory has been questioned.

Given this scaling dimension for, there are certain nonlinear modifications of massless scalar field theory which are also scale-invariant.

Given the proper conditions, theory Y managers believe that employees will learn to seek out and accept responsibility and to exercise self-control and self-direction in accomplishing objectives to which they are committed.