The Dutch were permitted to retain various forts in the Spanish Netherlands, and were permitted to annex a part of Spanish Guelders.

# The Duchy of Guelders ( Gelre in Dutch )

Guelders was a county in the late 11th century and then a duchy in the Holy Roman Empire, including parts of the present-day Dutch province of Limburg and the German district of Kleve ( Cleves ).

Though the present province of Gelderland ( English also Guelders ) in the Netherlands occupies most of the area, the former duchy also comprised parts of the present Dutch province of Limburg as well as those territories in the present-day German state of North Rhine-Westphalia that were acquired by Prussia in 1713.

Knowing that the mission was not allowed to make any concessions on the point of religion and the territorial integrity of the provinces themselves ( the southern fortress cities of Breda ,'s-Hertogenbosch and Maastricht were in the Generality Lands ) Louis demanded — besides twenty million guilders and an annual embassy from the States-General to Louis asking pardon for their perfidy — either religious freedom for the Catholics or lordship over Utrecht and Guelders, merely to humiliate the Dutch a bit further.

Nijkerk was strategically located between the Duchy of Guelders ( Dutch: Hertogdom Gelre ) and the Bishopric of Utrecht.

* the Upper Quarter ( Bovenkwartier ) of the duchy of Guelders ( around Venlo and Roermond, in the present province of Dutch Limburg, and the town of Geldern in the present German district Kleve )

Frederick Henry, or Frederik Hendrik in Dutch ( 29 January 1584 – 14 March 1647 ), was the sovereign Prince of Orange and stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel from 1625 to 1647.

On the death of Maurice in 1625 without legitimate issue, Frederick Henry succeeded him in his paternal dignities and estates, and also in the stadtholderates of the five provinces of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Overijssel and Guelders, and in the important posts of captain and admiral-general of the Union ( commander-in-chief of the Dutch States Army and of the Dutch navy ).

Locations included the medieval castle of De Doornenburgh, close to Doornenburg in the Dutch province Gelderland ( part of the historical Guelders ), and the Belgian cities of Bruges and Ghent.

Nor can we believe that he obtained this mastery otherwise than by constantly dwelling in the same neighbourhood, say in Guelders or on the Dutch Westphalian border, where day after day he might study the branching and foliage of trees and underwood embowering cottages and mills, under every variety of light, in every shade of transparency, in all changes produced by the seasons.

He became stadtholder of Guelders ( Dutch: Gelderland ) in 1555, an Admiral of Flanders ( Dutch: Vlaanderen ), and a knight of the Golden Fleece ( Dutch: Orde van het Gulden Vlies ) in 1556.

Philip William, Filips Willem in Dutch, was born on 19 December 1554 in Buren, Guelders, Seventeen Provinces.

However, the character claims to come from Guelders, which was not in Austria but rather in the Low Countries ( now in the Dutch province Gelderland ).

Around 1616 the Heerlijkheid Borculo, ( until then an independent state, where Rekken was a part of ) became a property of the duke of Guelders, and with that to the former Dutch Republic.

Gerard I of Guelders ( c. 1060 – 8 March 1129 ) was Count of Guelders ( Gelre in Dutch ).

During the Eighty Years ' War it was alternately captured by Spanish and Dutch troops, as it bordered the Upper Quarter of Guelders.

As it was separated from the Dutch Republic by Spanish Upper Guelders it did not become an integral part of the Republic, though Dutch troops were stationed there.

It was founded by the province of Guelders ( Gelre ).

Jan van Schaffelaar ( c. 1445-1482 ) was a cavalry officer in the duchy of Guelders ( or Gelre ), the Netherlands.

Gelderland (, English also Guelders German: Geldern ) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country.

For use in correspondence with German princes: The Most Serene, Highborn Prince and Lord, Lord Albert, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, Lothier, Brabant, Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, Limburg, Luxembourg, Guelders and Württemberg, Count of Habsburg, Flanders, Tyrol, Artois, Burgundy, Palatine in Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland, Namur and Zutphen, Margrave of the Holy Roman Empire, Lord of Frisia, Salins, Mechlin, the City, Towns and Lands of Utrecht, Overijssel and Groningen.

His Imperial and Royal Majesty William the First, By the Grace of God, German Emperor and King of Prussia ; Margrave of Brandenburg, Burgrave of Nuremberg, Count of Hohenzollern ; sovereign and supreme Duke of Silesia and of the County of Glatz ; Grand Duke of the Lower Rhine and of Posen ; Duke of Saxony, of Westphalia, of Angria, of Pomerania, Lunenburg, Holstein and Schleswig, of Magdeburg, of Bremen, of Guelders, Cleves, Jülich and Berg, Duke of the Wends and the Kassubes, of Crossen, Lauenburg and Mecklenburg ; Landgrave of Hesse and Thuringia ; Margrave of Upper and Lower Lusatia ; Prince of Orange ; Prince of Rügen, of East Friesland, of Paderborn and Pyrmont, of Halberstadt, Münster, Minden, Osnabrück, Hildesheim, of Verden, Cammin, Fulda, Nassau and Moers ; Princely Count of Henneberg ; Count of Mark, of Ravensberg, of Hohenstein, Tecklenburg and Lingen, of Mansfeld, Sigmaringen and Veringen ; Lord of Frankfurt.

At the Treaty of Utrecht, ending the War of the Spanish Succession in 1713, the Spanish Upper Quarter was again divided between Prussian Guelders ( Geldern, Viersen, Horst, Venray ), the United Provinces ( Venlo, Montfort, Echt ), Austria ( Roermond, Niederkrüchten, Weert ), and the Duchy of Jülich ( Erkelenz ).

The upper part is blue, and contains the golden lion of the duchy of Guelders ( Geldern ).

From 1543 on, Wegberg was divided between the duchy of Geldern ( Guelders ) and the duchy of Jülich.

* October 20 – The Treaty of Gorinchem is signed between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Charles, Duke of Guelders.

Later on, Zutphen also signed so Guelders ( of which Zutphen is one of the quarters ) supported the Union completely.

The first document mentioning the existence of this community is the town charter granted by Mathieu d ' Alsace in 1181 to Gerard de Guelders, Count of Boulogne ; Calais became part of the county of Boulogne.

Eupen is burned to the ground during the war against the Guelders.

Charles, who controls Guelders, is involved in a power struggle against Philip the Handsome who rules the Burgundian Netherlands, the rest of the Low Countries.

Floris had so far been neutral due to his absence, but after he finds his castle stolen, he sides with Wolter van Oldesteijn, who is allied with Burgundy against Charles, Duke of Guelders.

He was born in 1521 in Nijmegen in the Duchy of Guelders, which, until 1549, was part of the Hapsburg Netherlands within the Holy Roman Empire and is now the Netherlands.

However, against that is the fact that there is a jury seal dating to the year 1331, and that Erkelenz appears on the Guelders urban diet on 1 December 1343.

In 1359 Erkelenz is described in a document as a Guelders town and bears the Guelders lions and rose on its seal and coat of arms.

The current province of Gelderland covers about the area of three quarters of the historical Duchy of Guelders.

: This article deals with the historical county and duchy of Guelders, for other meanings see Gelderland.

The county emerged about 1096, when Gerard III of Wassenberg was first documented as " Count of Guelders ".

In later years the county of Zutphen became a part of the Duchy of Guelders, and the Duchy of Limburg was dependent on the Duchy of Brabant.

Prussia first set foot on the Rhine in 1609 by the occupation of the Duchy of Cleves and about a century later Upper Guelders and Moers also became Prussian.

They later proceeded by ship to Scotland, where Margaret gained troops and other aid for the Lancastrian cause from the Queen and Regent, Mary of Guelders, in return for the surrender of the town and castle of Berwick upon Tweed.

A Prussian king first set foot on the Rhine in 1609 by the occupation of the Duchy of Cleves and about a century later Upper Guelders and Moers also became Prussian.

For example, the double marriage in 1385 at Cambrai of his son, John the Fearless, and his daughter, Marguerite, to Margaret of Bavaria and William of Bavaria, son and daughter of Albert, Count of the neighbouring Hainault and Holland, prepared the later union of Hainault and Holland with Burgundy and Flanders, as carried out by Philip's grandson, Philip the Good ; the marriages also inserted the new Valois Burgundy dynasty into the Wittelsbach network of alliances: the other daughters of Count Albert had married William I, Duke of Guelders and Wenceslaus, King of Bohemia ; their cousin, Isabeau of Bavaria, had married Charles VI of France, and become Queen of France.

James's son became king as James III and his widow Mary of Guelders acted as regent until her own death three years later.