He married the French noblewoman Marie de Guise.

Their sister Mary of Guise had married James V of Scotland in 1538 and was the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots.

In what has been called a coup d ' état, the Cardinal of Lorraine and the Duke of Guise — whose niece, Mary, Queen of Scots, had married Francis the year before — seized power the day after Henry II's death and quickly moved themselves into the Louvre with the young couple.

On 18 May 1538, at Notre-Dame de Paris, James V and Mary of Guise were married with Lord Maxwell acting as proxy.

Claude's daughter, Mary of Guise ( 1515 – 1560 ), married King James V of Scotland and was mother of Mary, Queen of Scots.

He married secondly, on 20 June 1770, Jane Guise ( d. 8 August 1807 ), daughter of Sir John Guise, but had no children.

In 1559, sickly fifteen-year-old Francis II of France ( married to the young Mary, Queen of Scots ) succeeded to the throne ; Mary's uncles François, Duc de Guise, and Charles de Guise may have held much of the true power in this period, and did much to persecute the French Protestants and reduce the power of the Bourbon and Condé princes.

He was taken prisoner by the Duke of Guise on 10 October 1575 was but ransomed for a small sum, which was paid by Charlotte Arbaleste, whom he married shortly afterwards at Sedan.

# Élisabeth Marguerite d ' Orléans ( 26 December 1646 – 17 March 1696 ) married Louis Joseph of Lorraine, Duke of Guise and had issue.

On 24 July 1605 he married Louise Marguerite of Lorraine ( 1588 – 1631 ), daughter of Duke Henri of Guise and Catherine of Cleves, who was desired by Henry IV.

In 1360, he married Marie of Blois ( born 1345, died 1404 ), Lady of Guise, daughter of Charles, Duke of Brittany and Joanna of Dreux.

* Marie ( 1345 – 1404 ), Lady of Guise, married in 1360 Louis I of Naples

* Marie ( 1345 – 1404 ), Lady of Guise, married in 1360 Louis I of Naples

# Henriette de Lorraine ( 1605 – 1660 ), married Louis de Lorraine, Prince of Lexin, son of Louis II, Cardinal of Guise, no issue ;

* Mary of Guise ( 1515 – 1560 ), married to king James V of Scotland

* Louise of Guise ( 10 January 1520, Bar-le-Duc – 18 October 1542 ), married Charles I, Duke of Arschot on 20 February 1541

This creation became extinct in 1688, and the lands passed to Anne, Pfalzgravine of Simmern, a great-granddaughter of Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne ( whose mother happened to have first married the 5th Duke of Guise )-although she was not the heiress in primogeniture, that being the Duke of Mantova and Montferrat.

Less than a year after her death, her husband married the widowed Mary of Guise, who had attended his wedding to Madeleine.

He married the French noblewoman Marie de Guise.

* Isabelle d ' Orléans, Princess of Orléans ( 1878 – 1961 ); married Prince Jean D ' Orléans, Duke of Guise in 1899.

He was married to Anna d ' Este, daughter of Duke Ercole II of Ferrara and Renée of France, and widow of Francis, Duke of Guise.

He married Mary Blount ( before 1712 – 1773 ), daughter of Edward Blount and Anne Guise, on 26 November 1727.

Guise responded by calling on French troops, who helped stiffen resistance to the English occupation.

Finally, on 7 January 1558, the Duke of Guise seized Calais from the English.

Renewed Catholic reaction – headed by the powerful Francis, Duke of Guise – led to a massacre of Huguenots at Vassy in 1562, starting the first of the French Wars of Religion, during which English, German, and Spanish forces intervened on the side of rival Protestant and Catholic forces.

Mary's dream of a resurrected Catholic Tudor dynasty was finished, and her popularity further declined when she lost the last English area on French soil, Calais, to Francis, Duke of Guise, on 7 January 1558.

The women rulers that Knox had in mind were Queen Mary I of England and Mary of Guise, the Dowager Queen of Scotland and regent on behalf of her daughter, Mary, Queen of Scots.

This time, on 24 October 1559, the Scottish nobility formally deposed Mary of Guise from the regency.

The sudden death of Mary of Guise in Edinburgh Castle on 10 June 1560 paved the way for an end to hostilities, the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh, and the withdrawal of French and English troops from Scotland.

File: Soubise 12 15 Septembre 1625. jpg | Capture of Île de Ré by Charles, Duke of Guise on September 16th, 1625.

In 1646, Thomas Francis was put in command of the French expedition sent south to take the Tuscan forts, after which he was to advance further south to Naples, drive out the Spanish and put himself on the throne of the kingdom ; but the expedition set off late, and when he besieged Orbetello, the supporting French fleet was defeated by the Spanish and he was forced to raise the siege and conduct a difficult retreat, which he performed so poorly that Cardinal Mazarin subsequently despised his command ability, viewed him as incompetent, and declined to appoint him to the expedition that France sent to support the Naples revolt late in 1647 ( this did not stop Mazarin from considering him as a potential candidate for a French-backed King of Naples, though Paris was so slow to move on this that Henry II, Duke of Guise was adopted by the Neapolitans instead ).

In 1646, Thomas was put in command of the French expedition sent south to take the Tuscan forts, after which he was to advance further south to Naples, drive out the Spanish and put himself on the throne of the kingdom ; but the expedition set off late, and when he besieged Orbetello, the supporting French fleet was defeated by the Spanish and he was forced to raise the siege and conduct a difficult retreat, which he performed so poorly that Cardinal Mazarin subsequently despised his command ability, viewed him as incompetent, and declined to appoint him to the expedition that France sent to support the Naples revolt late in 1647 ( this did not stop Mazarin from considering him as a potential candidate for a French-backed King of Naples, though Paris was so slow to move on this that Henry II, Duke of Guise was adopted by the Neapolitans instead ).

Bothwell and 24 followers took 6000 crowns of English money destined to be used against Guise from the Laird of Ormiston on Halloween 1559 at an ambush near Haddington.

One idea was to gather the estates general, but, fearing to be evicted based on their unpopularity, the Guise were strongly opposed to it.

" Beaton wrote that the Duke of Guise was " marvellous desirous of the expedition and hasty end of the matter ," and had already consulted with his brother, the Duke of Lorraine, and Mary herself, who was with her mother in Champagne waiting on the resolution of the negotiations.

The Congregation Lords made a truce with Guise and signed the Articles of Leith at Leith Links on 25 July 1559 which promised religious tolerance, then withdrew to Stirling.

The wars gradually took on a dynastic character, developing into an extended feud between the Houses of Bourbon and Guise, both of which — in addition to holding rival religious views — staked a claim to the French throne.

Immediately on his return to France, Charpentier probably began working as house composer to Marie de Lorraine, duchesse de Guise, who was known familiarly as " Mlle de Guise.

After the reconquest of Calais in 1558 by Francis, Duke of Guise, Francis II gave Calais the right to hold a fair twice a year on the square, which still exists today, as well as a bustling Wednesday and Saturday market.

A fleet from La Rochelle fought a royal fleet of 35 ships under the Charles de Guise in front of Saint-Martin-de-Ré, but was defeated on 27 October 1622, leading to the signing of the Peace of Montpellier.

A meeting between Bèze and the Cardinal of Lorraine, of the House of Guise, seemed promising ; both appeared ready to compromise on the form of worship.

As he was killed outside of direct combat, the Guise considered this an assassination on the orders of the duke's enemy, Admiral Coligny.

When it became clear that Henri of Navarre would not rennounce his Protestantism the Duke of Guise signed the Treaty of Joinville ( December 31, 1584 ), on behalf of the League, with Philip II of Spain, who supplied a considerable annual grant to the League over the following decade to maintain the civil war in France, with the hope of destroying the French Calvinists.