This was to prove a difficulty for his successor Philip II of Spain.

Henry's successor, Richard I " the Lion Heart " ( also known as " The absent king "), was preoccupied with foreign wars, taking part in the Third Crusade and defending his French territories against Philip II of France.

John Lackland, Richard's successor, refused to come to the French court for a trial against the Lusignans and, as Louis VI had done often to his rebellious vassals, Philip II confiscated John's possessions in France.

* 1586 – Mary, Queen of Scots, recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir and successor.

Between 1990 and 2010, both Robinson and her successor President McAleese ( 1997 – 2011 ) visited the Palace on numerous occasions, while senior royals-the Prince of Wales, Prince Andrew, Duke of York, Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh all visited both Presidents of Ireland at Áras an Uachtaráin.

Then in 1198, Henry the Holy Roman Emperor died, and his successor was to be Otto IV, Richard's nephew, who in turn put additional pressure on Philip.

In May 1200, Philip signed the Treaty of Le Goulet with Richard's successor king John of England, as youngest son of Henry called the Lackland, now also Duke of Normandy.

Following the strife between Boniface VIII and Philip IV of France, and the death after only eight months of his successor Benedict XI, a deadlocked conclave finally elected Clement V, a Frenchman, as Pope in 1305.

Pope Gregory X, in spite of Otakar's protests, not only recognised Rudolph himself, but persuaded King Alfonso X of Castile ( another grandson of Philip of Swabia ), who had been chosen German ( anti -) king in 1257 as the successor to Count William II of Holland, to do the same.

Turning to the west, in 1281 he compelled Count Philip I of Savoy to cede some territory to him, then forced the citizens of Bern to pay the tribute that they had been refusing, and in 1289 marched against Count Philip's successor, Otto IV, compelling him to do homage.

The crusade was postponed until next spring, but a devastating storm off the coast of Sicily dissuaded Charles of Anjou and Louis's successor Philip III from any further campaigning.

Impatient of the endless committees that would no doubt attend the appointment of a successor to Price, Jowett extracted what could be interpreted as permission from the Delegates and headhunted Philip Lyttelton Gell, a former student acolyte of his, to be the next Secretary to the Delegates.

Adolf, who had enjoyed the support of Burgundian Duke Philip III (" the Good ") and of the four major cities of Guelders during his rebellion, was unwilling to strike a compromise with his father when this was demanded by Philip's successor, Duke Charles the Bold.

His will named the 16-year old Philip, grandson of Charles ' half-sister Maria Theresa of Spain, the first wife of Louis XIV, as his successor.

* Philip III of Macedon, brother and successor of Alexander the Great ( approximate date ) ( d. 317 BC )

In 1208, after the assassination of Philip of Swabia, King of the Romans, Henry was proposed as successor by King Philip II Augustus.

John's successor, Philip the Good, threw in his lot with the English.

# Philip IV ( 1268 – 29 November 1314 ), his successor, married Joan I of Navarre

Guy's son Count Robert III ( 1305 – 1322 ) nevertheless granted further city rights to Dunkirk, his successor Count Louis I ( 1322 – 1346 ) had to face the Peasant revolt of 1323 – 1328, which was crushed by King Philip VI of France at the 1328 Battle of Cassel, whereafter the Dunkirkers again were affected by the repressive measures of their lord-paramount.

The city was pillaged again in 1568 by Spanish troops under the ' Iron ' Duke of Alba, fighting for Charles's successor, Philip II of Spain.

This rule was adopted to solve the dispute over the legitimate successor of Charles IV of France ( Edward III of England or Philip VI of France, though the former would have a stronger claim should proximity of blood be considered, which had never been the case in France since 987, instead as well of both Agnatic-cognatic primogeniture or Male-preference cognatic primogeniture and the resulting heirs ).

Money for the scheme was promised first by Philip Snowden, Chancellor in the first Labour government, and then by his successor in Baldwin ’ s Conservative administration, Winston Churchill.

Philip was overthrown and killed following a rebellion led by his successor Decius.

In addition to holding the remains of its founder, it became the burial place of his successor Otto III.

During this time, Alexios was rumored to be the lover of Empress Maria of Alania, the daughter of King Bagrat IV of Georgia, who had been successively married to Michael VII Doukas and his successor Nikephoros III Botaneiates, renowned for her beauty.

After a successful campaign Manuel I and Andronikos returned together to Constantinople ( 1168 ); but a year later, Andronikos refused to take the oath of allegiance to the future king Béla III of Hungary, whom Manuel desired to become his successor.

Abd al-Rahman's alleged favorite son was his choice for successor, and would later be known as Hisham I. Abd ar-Rahman's progeny would continue to rule al-Andalus in the name of the house of Umayya for several generations, with the zenith of their power coming during the reign of Abd al-Rahman III.

Abdallah instead chose as his successor his grandson, Abd al-Rahman III ( the son of his first son ).

When Chilperic II died the following year ( 720 ), Charles appointed as his successor the son of Dagobert III, Theuderic IV, who was still a minor, and who occupied the throne from 720 to 737.

The most recent Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and the Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy See of Saint Mark was Pope Shenouda III, who died on March 17, 2012, for whom a successor has not yet been chosen.

In 1472, the niece of the last Byzantine emperor, Sophia Palaiologina, married Ivan III, grand prince of Moscow, who began championing the idea of Russia being the successor to the Byzantine Empire.

Frederick the Peaceful KG ( September 21, 1415 – August 19, 1493 ) was Duke of Austria as Frederick V from 1424, the successor of Albert II as German King as Frederick IV from 1440, and Holy Roman Emperor as Frederick III from 1452.

MacBeth ruled for seventeen years before he was overthrown by Máel Coluim, the son of Donnchad, who some months later defeated MacBeth's step-son and successor Lulach to become king Máel Coluim III ( Malcolm III ).

With the death of James III in 1488 at the Battle of Sauchieburn, his successor James IV successfully ended the quasi-independent rule of the Lord of the Isles, bringing the Western Isles under effective Royal control for the first time.

King John III Sobieski with son James Louis Sobieski | Jakub, whom he tried to position to be his successor.

Liutprand's successor Aistulf conquered Ravenna for the Lombards for the first time, but was subsequently defeated by the king of the Franks Pippin III, called by the Pope, and had to leave it.

This diplomacy would be continued under Murad's successor Mehmed III, by both the sultan and Safiye Sultan alike.

The Emperor left a minor successor, Otto III.

Pope Celestine III proclaimed a crusade against the Baltic heathens in 1195, which was reiterated by Pope Innocent III and a crusading expedition led by Meinhard's successor, Bishop Berthold of Hanover, landed in Livonia ( part of present-day Latvia, surrounding the Gulf of Riga ) in 1198.

Accordingly his successor, who was also called Stephen ( 752 – 757 ), was originally referred to as Stephen III in the Annuario Pontificio, which now lists him as Stephen II ( III ).

It is notable that decisions of Pope Alexander III, his successor, Pope Lucius III, and King Henry VIII in proclaiming the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 were predicated on this document.

* King Richard III of England ( 1452 – 1485 ), who was hanged by his successor King Henry VII following his death at the Battle of Bosworth Field.

He died in May or June 884, his successor being Adrian III.

In the Conclave of 1549 – 50 to elect a successor to Paul III, fifty-one cardinals, including Marcello Cervini, participated at the opening on 3 December 1549.