This argument has been expressed by Daniel Dennett who argues that, " when philosophers claim that zombies are conceivable, they invariably underestimate the task of conception ( or imagination ), and end up imagining something that violates their own definition ".

Chalmers argues that since such zombies are conceivable to us, they must therefore be logically possible.

Chalmers states ; " From the conceivability of zombies, proponents of the argument infer their metaphysical possibility " and argues that this inference, while not generally legitimate, is legitimate for phenomenal concepts such as consciousness since we must adhere to " Kripke's insight that for phenomenal concepts, there is no gap between reference-fixers and reference ( or between primary and secondary intentions ).

Dennett argues that " when philosophers claim that zombies are conceivable, they invariably underestimate the task of conception ( or imagination ), and end up imagining something that violates their own definition ".

Nigel Thomas argues that the zombie concept is self-contradictory in that, since zombies ex hypothesi behave just like regular humans, they will claim to be conscious, which, whether this claim is taken to be true, false, or neither true nor false, inevitably entails either a contradiction or a manifest absurdity.

Another school of thought argues that the worst of the abuses took place decades ago, and that the current leaders were not only unconnected with them, but were actually victims of that era.

Dr Lee Illis of Guy's Hospital in London wrote a paper in 1963 entitled On Porphyria and the Aetiology of Werewolves, in which he argues that historical accounts on werewolves could have in fact been referring to victims of congenital porphyria, stating how the symptoms of photosensitivity, reddish teeth and psychosis could have been grounds for accusing a sufferer of being a werewolf.

Simon Wiesenthal argues that “ the Holocaust transcended the confines of Jewish community and that there were other victims .” In the mid-1970s new discourses emerged that challenged the exclusivity of the Jewish genocide within the Holocaust, though not without great resistance.

Harris then argues that we are also the victims of such unpredictable desires ( but due to the unconscious machinations of our brain, rather than those of a mad scientist ).

Echols is appealing his sentence and his defense attorney notices what he believes to be bite marks in a photograph of the face of one of the victims ; the prosecution argues that the marks are from a belt buckle and not teeth.

Carrington argues that the film was crucially shaped by the Congressional inquiries, making Guy the stand-in for victims of the homophobic climate.

She argues that the Deir Yassin massacre long remained the only one discussed ' as if it sufficed to summarize the tragedy of Palestinian victims '.

He argues that the artists could not realistically depict the physical suffering of the victims, as this would be too painful.

Kershaw argues that the dramatic expansion in both the range of victims and the intensity of the killings after mid-August 1941 indicates that Hitler issued an order to that effect, most probably a verbal order conveyed to the Einsatzgruppen commanders through either Himmler or Heydrich.

Simon argues that because aggression in abusive relationships can be carried out subtly and covertly through various manipulation and control tactics, victims often don't perceive the true nature of the relationship until conditions worsen considerably.

" He argues that Jews have a tendency to see the State of Israel as a victim because they were very recently themselves " the quintessential victims.

Phayer argues that " establishing the fact of genocide in Croatia prior to the Holocaust carries great historical weight for our study because Catholics were the perpetrators and not, as in Poland, the victims ".

She argues that while the feminists she designates as gender feminists advocate preferential treatment and portray women as victims, equity feminism provides a viable alternative form of feminism.

These views have caused clashes between Bauer and the American historian Henry Friedlander who argues that Roma and the disabled were just as much victims of the Holocaust as Jews were.

Walsh argues that, while the macrostructural opportunity model helps explain why black murderers almost always choose black victims, it does not explain why black rapists choose white victims roughly 55 % of the time.

In an essay on the ownership of evil, Erma Petrova argues that Giles murdering Ben is comparable to Willow murdering Warren-both victims are human, and their deaths are necessary to prevent further suffering.

Marcuse argues that genuine tolerance does not permit support for " repression ", since doing so ensures that marginalized voices will remain unheard.

Sartre also argues that Freud's theory of repression is internally flawed.

Sartre also argues that Freud's theory of repression is internally flawed.

On the other hand, Carla Hesse, in The Other Enlightenment: How French Women Became Modern ( 2001 ), argues that " female participation in the public cultural life of the Old Regime was ... relatively marginal ".

Other commentators disagree: Morwenna Ludlow, for instance, argues that epistemic priority resides primarily in the Spirit in Gregory's theology.

( Tony Rothman in Everything's Relative and Other Fables from Science and Technology argues that there is no clear evidence that Young actually did the two-slit experiment.

" Other evangelical writers have been more positive towards the book: James B. Jordan, for example, argues that while 1 Maccabees " was written to try and show the Maccabean usurpers as true heirs of David and as true High Priests " and is a " wicked book ," a " far more accurate picture of the situation is given in 2 Maccabees.

Other than tracing the birth of the Arab national movement, Antonius also argues that it was Great Britain that dishonoured its prior commitments to the Arabs, and instead pursued its own colonial interests at the expense of what Antonius calls the " true will of the people ," namely unity and independence of the would-be Arab state.

Other, less frequently used case structures include the narrative, an anecdotal or non-fiction account designed to appeal to the judge's emotions with a framework explaining why emotional reaction is important ; resolutional kritik, which argues that a fundamental assumption of the resolution is flawed / offensive and thus it can't / shouldn't be debated or proven true ; and discourse kritik, which argues that the effects of an action one's opponent has taken during or in relation to the round should outweigh consideration of the resolution.

In his book Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Lawrence Lessig argues that computer code can regulate conduct in much the same way as the legal code.

Other big name SF authors approached LGBT themes in individual works: In Time Enough for Love ( 1973 ) by Robert A. Heinlein, the main character argues strongly for the future liberty of homosexual sex, but sex for the purpose of procreation remains held as the ideal.

Di Filippo argues that precursors of ribofunk fiction include H. G. Wells ' The Island of Doctor Moreau ; Julian Huxley's The Tissue Culture King ; some of David H. Keller's stories, Damon Knight's Natural State and Other Stories ; Frederik Pohl and Cyril M. Kornbluth's Gravy Planet ; novels of T. J. Bass and Varley ; Greg Bear's Blood Music and Bruce Sterling's Schismatrix.

Strategic Studies Institute writer Antulio J. Echevarria II in an article Fourth-Generation War and Other Myths argues what is being called fourth generation warfare are simply insurgencies.

Other scholars ( e. g., Gábor Vékony, C. A. Macartney ) argues that Árpád was the kende, and the gyula was Kurszán ( Chussal, Chussol ) whose name, in contrast to Árpád, can be found in contemporary Western texts.

Other critical studies of The Coquette include Dorothy Z. Baker ’ s work, which argues that “ Eliza ’ s struggle to control her life begins with the struggle to control language, the language of society that dictates her identity and conscribes her life .” Additionally, C. Leiren Mower makes the case that Eliza “ reworks Lockean theories of labor and ownership as a means of authorizing proprietary control over her body ’ s commerce in the social marketplace.

Other debate theorists have recently created a model of fiat that appears to preclude the politics disadvantage ; however, its use in any given debate round is entirely dependent on how well the affirmative argues that the judge should accept the model, a somewhat time-consuming process.

Egalitarianism as a Revolt Against Nature and Other Essays, by Murray Rothbard, takes its title from its lead essay, which argues that egalitarian theory always results in a politics of statist control because it is founded on revolt against the ontological structure of reality itself.

In his 2009 book, Straussophobia: Defending Leo Strauss and Straussians against Shadia Drury and Other Accusers, Peter Minowitz argues that Drury ’ s work is “ plagued by exaggerations, misquotations, contradictions, factual errors, and defective documentation .” Thomas Pangle, former professor of political philosophy at Yale, has described Drury's writings on Strauss as simplistic, incompetent, and unscholarly.

Trotsky argues that countries like Russia had no " enlightened, active " revolutionary bourgeoisie which could play the same role, and the working class constituted a very small minority.

Trotsky's theory also argues, first, that the bourgeoisie in late-developing capitalist countries are incapable of developing the productive forces in such a manner as to achieve the sort of advanced capitalism which will fully develop an industrial proletariat.

Thirdly, he argues that bourgeoisie society exhibited " blatant and fragmented perversion ", readily engaging in perversity but regulating where it could take place.

Bryan Gilliam, for example, argues that the later version ( from 1890 ) is shorter and smoother, and is hence a dubious concession to the Brahms-loving bourgeoisie of the time.