Shakespeare did not usually invent the incidents in his plays, but borrowed them from old stories, ballads, and plays, wove them together, and then breathed into them his spark of life.

Again the student of evolutionary biology will find a fascinating, if to our minds grotesque, anticipation of the theory of chance variations and the natural elimination of the unfit in Lucretius, who in turn seems to have borrowed the concept from the philosopher Empedocles.

If he borrowed money from Shakespeare or with his help, he would now have been able to repay the loan.

Now, driving the horse and sulky borrowed from Mynheer Schuyler, he felt as if every bone was topped by burning oil and that every muscle was ready to dissolve into jelly and leave his big body helpless and unable to move.

The amount which may be borrowed from the SBA depends on how much is required to carry out the intended purpose of the loan.

Moreover, the most artistically successful of the nonfiction films have invariably borrowed the narrative form from the fiction feature.

Beauty borrowed from afar

To learn technical military terms, Lincoln borrowed and studied Henry Halleck's book, Elements of Military Art and Science from the Library of Congress.

After the war, enough British and American anthropologists borrowed ideas and methodological approaches from one another that some began to speak of them collectively as ' sociocultural ' anthropology.

" What the West borrowed from the Middle East ", in Savory, R. M.

The use of the word abacus dates before 1387 AD, when a Middle English work borrowed the word from Latin to describe a sandboard abacus.

They feature many letters that appear to have been borrowed from or influenced by the Greek alphabet and the Hebrew alphabet.

The pronunciation of a language often evolves independently of its writing system, and writing systems have been borrowed for languages they were not designed for, so the degree to which letters of an alphabet correspond to phonemes of a language varies greatly from one language to another and even within a single language.

For example, the spelling of the Thai word for " beer " retains a letter for the final consonant " r " present in the English word it was borrowed from, but silences it.

" English borrowed the word from Spanish in the early 18th century.

The name Ardipithecus ramidus stems mostly from the Afar language, in which Ardi means " ground / floor " ( borrowed from the Semitic root in either Amharic or Arabic ) and ramid means " root ".

There is no documented evidence for this theory, however, and, the word liti was probably borrowed from 16th-18th century writings in Latin, where the word lituus could describe various wind instruments, such as the horn, the crumhorn, or the cornett.

" Amazing Grace " was one of many hymns that punctuated fervent sermons, although the contemporary style used a refrain, borrowed from other hymns, that employed simplicity and repetition such as:

Agathon introduced certain innovations into the Greek theater: Aristotle tells us in the Poetics that the characters and plot of his Anthos were original and not, following Athenian dramatic orthodoxy, borrowed from mythological subjects.

It was said that he also borrowed from Eubulus and many other playwrights in some of his plays.

Individuals who survived to this, the latest and highest stage of evolutionary progress would be “ those in whom the power of self-preservation is the greatest — are the select of their generation .” Moreover, Spencer perceived governmental authority as borrowed from the people to perform the transitory aims of establishing social cohesion, insurance of rights, and security.

Along with tarot divination, astrology is one of the core studies of Western esotericism, and as such has influenced systems of magical belief not only among Western esotericists and Hermeticists, but also belief systems such as Wicca that have borrowed from or been influenced by the Western esoteric tradition.

Robert Castleden suggests Plato may have borrowed his title from Hellanicus, and that Hellanicus may have based his work on an earlier work on Atlantis.

Shanty repertoire borrowed from the contemporary popular music enjoyed by sailors, including minstrel music, popular marches, and land-based folk songs, which were adapted to suit musical forms matching the various labor tasks required to operate a sailing ship.

Erroneously believing the coven to be a survival of the pre-Christian Witch-Cult discussed in the works of Margaret Murray, he decided to revive the faith, supplementing the coven's rituals with ideas borrowed from Freemasonry, ceremonial magic and the writings of Aleister Crowley to form the Gardnerian tradition of Wicca.

The name, borrowed from Arabic writings, may be linked to that of the ethnicity Toucouleur.

Bentham claimed to have borrowed this concept from the writings of Joseph Priestley, although the closest that Priestley in fact came to expressing it was in the form " the good and happiness of the members, that is the majority of the members of any state, is the great standard by which every thing relating to that state must finally be determined ".

Crowley's ( or Rogers ') edition may have reached Edmund Spenser, Michael Drayton, John Milton, and John Bunyan, but no records, citations, borrowed lines, or clear allusions to Piers Plowman exist in their writings.

At the same time, Literary Chinese was based largely upon the Classical language, and writers frequently borrowed Classical language into their literary writings.

Prus ' metaphor of society-as-organism, which he uses implicitly in " Mold of the Earth " and explicitly in the introduction to his novel Pharaoh, was borrowed from the sociological writings of Herbert Spencer, who had invented the expression " survival of the fittest " and exerted the greatest influence on Prus ' thinking.

This theory of an intermediary power, and the system of allegorizing all the Biblical passages concerning God, upon which Benjamin insists again and again in his commentaries on the Bible, were borrowed from the writings of the etc.

Other possible sources are Poincaré's Science and Hypothesis, where he described the Principle of Relativity and which was read by Einstein in 1904, and the writings of Max Abraham, from whom he borrowed the terms " Maxwell-Hertz equations " and " longitudinal and transverse mass ".

Some Slavic historians argue that the account of Rurik's invitation was borrowed by a pro-Scandinavian chronicler from a hypothetical Norse document.

The chronicler Gerald of Wales is the key contemporaneous source for these stories, which often borrowed elements of the wider Melusine legend.

Scholar John Strohm suggests that they did so by creating personas of a type conventionally seen as masculine: " They adopted a tough, unladylike pose that borrowed more from the macho swagger of sixties garage bands than from the calculated bad-girl image of bands like The Runaways.

The term was borrowed and first used in English by Irish writer John Toland in his 1705 work " Socinianism Truly Stated, by a pantheist ".

After hiding the greater part of the stone with travellers in Kent for a few days, they risked the road blocks on the border and returned to Scotland with this piece, which they had hidden in the back of a borrowed car, along with a new accomplice John Josselyn.

The name of the brand is borrowed from the novel Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson, in which the pirate Long John Silver is one of the main characters.

Marlowe also borrowed from John Foxe's Book of Martyrs, on the exchanges between Pope Adrian VI and a rival pope.

Jane Stanford, in her biography That Irishman, suggests that Conan Doyle borrowed some traits and background of the Fenian John O ' Connor Power for his portrayal of Moriarty.

The later accounts of Prester John borrowed heavily from literary texts concerning the East, including the great body of ancient and medieval geographical and travel literature.

Scholars John Lindow and Carolyne Larrington agree that the Prose Edda account of the flood borrowed from Judeo-Christian tradition of Noah's Ark.

Leland's own manuscript notebooks were inherited by Cheke's son, Henry, and in 1576 they were borrowed and transcribed by John Stow, allowing their contents to begin to circulate in antiquarian circles.

William Shakespeare borrowed from it for the Gloucester subplot of King Lear ; parts of it were also dramatised by John Day and James Shirley.

Their music was, broadly, repetitive minimalism, often of great technical difficulty ( Hobbs's Working Notes ( 1969 ) for four toy pianos ), great dynamic power ( Shrapnel's 4 Toy Pianos ( 1971 )), were used in various combinations with reed organs, and used compositional techniques that were either specific to British experimentalism ( such as systems music, invented by John White ), or borrowed from other disciplines ( such as Alec Hill's use of change ringing systems ).

The most popular single work was John Hawkesworth's Account of Voyages ... in the Southern Hemisphere ( 3 vols ) which was borrowed on 201 occasions.

While often ranked behind his contemporaries Guillaume Dufay and John Dunstaple, at least by contemporary scholars, his influence was arguably greater than either, since his works were cited, borrowed and used as source material more often than those by any other composer of the time.

( Price borrowed from John Donne's unrelated The first Anniversary, published in 1611, and The second Anniversary, published in 1612, for some of his language and ideas.

It was followed by Turk and no Turk ( 1785 ), a musical comedy ; Inkle and Yarico ( 1787 ), an opera ; Ways and Means ( 1788 ); The Iron Chest ( 1796 ), taken from William Godwin's Adventures of Caleb Williams ; The Poor Gentleman ( 1802 ); John Bull, or an Englishman's Fireside ( 1803 ), his most successful piece ; The Heir at Law ( 1808 ), which enriched the stage with one immortal character, " Dr Pangloss " ( borrowed of course from Voltaire's Candide ), and numerous other pieces, many of them adapted from the French.

He borrowed $ 1, 000 from John Wayne and used the money to make his first film, The Dangerous Stranger, a film he would remake at least twice over the next 30 years.

First that it was printed in Birmingham by John Baskerville in 1761 ; second that it appealed to children by having the animals speak in character, the Lion in regal style, the Owl with ' pomp of phrase '; thirdly because it gathers into three sections fables from ancient sources, those that are more recent ( including some borrowed from Jean de la Fontaine ), and new stories of his own invention.

The chronology of the patents makes it clear that Louis Chauchat had simply borrowed the mechanical principles of an already existing long barrel recoil, semi-automatic rifle filed by John Browning in his milestone of October 16, 1900.

" Popular marches were borrowed especially for capstan work, including " John Brown's Body " and " Marching Through Georgia.

After Bonner was deprived of his see, in about 1549, Thomas Cranmer sent Feckenham to the Tower of London, and while there learning and eloquence made him such a successful advocate that he was temporarily freed (" borrowed out of prison ") to take part in seven public disputations against John Hooper, John Jewel and others.

Jefferson may have also borrowed the expression from an Italian friend and neighbor, Philip Mazzei, as noted by Joint Resolution 175 of the 103rd Congress as well as by John F. Kennedy in " A Nation Of Immigrants.