Ethanol has been produced and consumed by humans for millennia, in the form of fermented and distilled alcoholic beverages.

The writer, journalist Richard Norton-Taylor, distilled four years of evidence into two hours of stage performance by Tricycle Theatre.

* Catalytic distillation is the process by which the reactants are catalyzed while being distilled to continuously separate the products from the reactants.

A major advance in manufacturing began in Europe in the late 14th century when the safety and thoroughness of incorporation was improved by wet grinding ; liquid, such as distilled spirits or perhaps the urine of wine-drinking bishops was added during the grinding-together of the ingredients and the moist paste dried afterwards.

Inspired by the kilogram-litre relationship, the imperial gallon was based on the volume of 10 pounds of distilled water weighed in air with brass weights with the barometer standing at 30 inches of mercury and at a temperature of.

In 1963, this definition was refined as the space occupied by 10 pounds of distilled water of density weighed in air of density against weights of density.

Gin obtained simply by adding essences or flavourings to ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin is not distilled gin.

* 1789 – Whiskey distilled from maize is first produced by American clergyman the Rev Elijah Craig.

Jason sprayed the dragon with a potion, given by Medea, distilled from herbs.

Kerosene was also produced during the same period from oil shale and bitumen by heating the rock to extract the oil, which was then distilled.

The use of clave in R & B coincided with the growing dominance of the backbeat, and the rising popularity of Cuban music in the U. S. In a sense, clave can be distilled down to tresillo ( three-side ) answered by the backbeat ( two-side ).

Stating that " Paramahansa Yogananda was sent to the West by Jesus Christ himself " with the said intent to " restore the original Christian teachings among his followers ", in Revelations of Christ Swami Kriyananda, Yogananda's disciple and Ex-minister of the Self-Realization Fellowship, provides a distilled commentary on the life and teachings of Christ, all of which is meant to serve as an anticipatory primer to Yogananda's more philosophically nuanced treatment in The Second Coming of Christ.

Potential osmotic pressure is the maximum osmotic pressure that could develop in a solution if it were separated from distilled water by a selectively permeable membrane.

For homemade vodkas and distilled beverages referred to as " moonshine ", see moonshine by country.

It is possible that distillation was practised by the Babylonians in Mesopotamia in the 2nd millennium BC, with perfumes and aromatics being distilled but this is subject to uncertain and disputable interpretation of evidence.

These types of American whiskey must be distilled to no more than 80 % alcohol by volume, and any addition of colouring or flavouring is prohibited.

Whiskies and other distilled beverages such as cognac and rum are complex beverages containing a vast range of flavouring compounds, of which some 200 to 300 can be easily detected by chemical analysis.

* Wash ( distilling ), the liquid produced by the fermentation step in the production of distilled beverages

A distilled beverage is a beverage containing ethanol that has been purified by distillation.

* First written record of whiskey being consumed recorded in Ireland, where it was distilled by Catholic monks.

* distilled to no more than 160 ( U. S .) proof ( 80 % alcohol by volume );

However, following the example of Port, a small amount of distilled alcohol made from cane sugar was added to stabilize the wine by boosting the alcohol content ( the modern process of fortification using brandy did not become widespread till the 18th century ).

It is also thought that wine was originally distilled to lessen the tax which was assessed by volume.

* Metaxa, the first alcoholic drink consumed in space, is a Greek distilled spirit invented by Spyros Metaxas in 1888, continuing the tradition of making distilled wines since the Classical antiquity.

When added to wine before the fermentation process is complete, the alcohol in the distilled beverage kills the yeast and leaves residual sugar behind.

Once distilled the " new-make spirit " is placed into oak casks for the maturation process.

Common causes of failure within the innovation process in most organisations can be distilled into five types: Poor goal definition, Poor alignment of actions to goals, Poor participation in teams, Poor monitoring of results, Poor communication and access to information.

As with all distilled spirits, yeast or naturally occurring bacteria ( such as Zymomonas mobilis ) is used to ferment a sugar source to produce alcohol ; the alcohol is then extracted through the process of distillation.

In enclosed machines, solvent recovered during the drying process is returned condensed and distilled, so it can be reused to clean further loads or safely disposed of.

Gradually, this idea of using the pomace left over from the wine-making process in order to produce a distilled spirit was passed to viticulturists in poorer regions of the whole country, which already used the distillation process for other purposes.

Rye whiskey can refer to either of two types of whiskey: 1 ) American rye whiskey, which must be distilled from at least 51 percent rye ; 2 ) Canadian whisky, which is often referred to ( and labelled as ) rye whisky for historical reasons, although it may or may not actually include any rye in its production process.

Contrary to recent claims, steam or hydro distilled frankincense oil does not contain any boswellic acid as these components ( triterpenoids ) are non-volatile and too large to come over in the steam distillation process.

Fractionating columns are widely used in the chemical process industries where large quantities of liquids have to be distilled.

ALFD also examines formulas for wine and distilled spirits, statements of process, and pre-import applications filed by importers and proprietors of domestic distilled spirits plants, wineries, and breweries for proper tax classification and to ensure that the products are manufactured in accordance with Federal laws and regulations.

This is irrelevant to alcohol quality, because the process starts with triple distilled grain alcohol, and the distillation is used solely to harvest botanical flavors such as limonene and other terpene like compounds.

Alcohol Without Liquid ( AWOL ) is a process introduced first in Asia and Europe that allows people to take in liquor ( distilled spirits ) without actually consuming liquid.

Experienced body piercing studios clean the jewelry with a jewelry steamer, and then an ultrasonic process with warm alkaline detergent, followed by a distilled or deionized water rinse, then an alcohol rinse to help remove residues.

The liquid phase is distilled and n-butanal is removed as head product while the catalyst containing bottom product is recycled to the process.

Because the majority of water impurities are dissolved salts, deionization produces a high purity water that is generally similar to distilled water, and this process is quick and without scale buildup.

The medieval Arabs learned the distillation process from the Alexandrians and used it extensively, but there is no evidence that they distilled alcohol.

There was no drinking water, so 30, 000 tons had to be distilled by the ships steam engines using 8, 000 tons of coal in the process, with ships held at anchor with their engines running.

Various techniques have been practised ; salt cementation from ancient times, parting using distilled mineral acids from medieval times, and in modern times using chlorination using the Miller process and electrolysis using the Wohlwill process.

Because the colder salt water entering the process counterflows with the saline waste water / distilled water, relatively little heat energy leaves in the outflow-most of the heat is picked up by the colder saline water flowing toward the heater and the energy is recycled.