A fresh crop of beginners' guns showed up in 1961, and they're good bets for your Christmas gift list if you're wondering what to get for a youngster.

Heywood Broun wrote: `` Belle Poitrine is the most original thinker since Caligula '', and even F.D.R. had to concede that `` if the rest of this nation showed the foresight and patriotism of Miss Poitrine, America would rapidly resemble ancient Babylon and Nineveh ''.

State and local expenditures ( in real terms ) increased persistently from $26.5-billion in 1949 to $44.3-billion in 1959, and it would not be surprising if they showed a comparable increase in this decade, which would carry them to the neighborhood of $75-billion by 1970.

In 1929, Mojżesz Presburger showed that the theory of natural numbers with addition and equality ( now called Presburger arithmetic in his honor ) is decidable and gave an algorithm that could determine if a given sentence in the language was true or false.

For instance, if the cube showed the number 2 and a player wanted to redouble the stakes to put it at 4, the opponent choosing to drop the redouble would lose two, or twice the original stake.

Also, while elementary particles showed predictable properties in many experiments, they became highly unpredictable in certain contexts, for example, if one attempted to measure their individual trajectories through a simple physical apparatus.

However, if they showed treasonous inclinations, the Emperor did punish them with just force, as in the case of Polybius and Pallas ' brother, Felix.

Through a series of derivations, de Donder showed that if we consider a mixture of chemical species with the possibility of chemical reaction, it can be proven that the following relation holds:

This is because if a group has sectional 2-rank at least 5 then MacWilliams showed that its Sylow 2-subgroups are connected, and the balance theorem implies that any simple group with connected Sylow 2-subgroups is either of component type or characteristic 2 type.

In 1926 von Neuman showed that if atomic states were understood as vectors in Hilbert space, then they would correspond with both Schrödinger's wave function theory and Heisenberg's matrices.

A 2008 study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine showed that dieters who kept a daily food diary ( or diet journal ), lost twice as much weight as those who did not keep a food log, suggesting that if you write your food down, you wouldn't eat as many calories.

In 1898, Fritz Haber showed that definite reduction products can result from electrolytic processes if the potential at the cathode is kept constant.

showed that a related problem ( EUGCD, determining the remainder sequence arising during the Euclidean algorithm ) is NC-equivalent to the problem of integer linear programming with two variables ; if either problem is in NC or is P-complete, the other is as well.

If testing showed that the central processing unit was working but the FPU was defective, the FPU's power and bus connections were destroyed with a laser and the chip was sold cheaper as an SX ; if the FPU worked it was sold as a DX.

Gibbs showed that if we use the equation Z = ξ < sup > N </ sup >, the entropy of a classical ideal gas is

By 1209 the situation showed no signs of resolution, and Innocent threatened to excommunicate John if he did not acquiesce to Langton's appointment.

The answer to this question turned out to be negative: in 1952, Gleason, Montgomery and Zippin showed that if G is a topological manifold with continuous group operations, then there exists exactly one analytic structure on G which turns it into a Lie group ( see also Hilbert – Smith conjecture ).

However, later work by biologists and statisticians such as R. A. Fisher showed that if multiple Mendelian factors were involved in the expression of an individual trait, they could produce the diverse results observed.

Using quantum theory Dirac showed that if magnetic monopoles exist, then one could explain the quantization of electric charge --- that is, why the observed elementary particles carry charges that are multiples of the charge of the electron.

Louis Pasteur showed that Spallanzani's findings held even if air could enter through a filter that kept particles out

In 1987 the West German band Modern Trouble released a single titled Fly to Moscow that celebrates " modern rebel Mr. Rust, he showed the world Moscow or bust " and encouraging everyone to " fly to Moscow and land there if you dare ".

Experiments conducted at the end of June and early July at Schilling, near Wilhelmshaven, showed that the submersible tanks functioned best when they were kept moving along the seabed as, if halted for any reason, they tended to sink into the sand.

Heaviside showed mathematically that uniformly distributed inductance in a telegraph line would diminish both attenuation and distortion, and that, if the inductance were great enough and the insulation resistance not too high, the circuit would be distortionless while currents of all frequencies would have equal speeds of propagation.

He showed that, if Penicillium rubens were grown in the appropriate substrate, it would exude a substance with antibiotic properties, which he dubbed penicillin.

* showed that if C is generic then G is reduced and all components have dimension exactly ρ ( so in particular G is empty if ρ < 0 ).

This result was proved in the 1930s by W. V. D. Hodge, for varieties over the complex numbers, after it had been a conjecture for some time of the Italian school of algebraic geometry ( in particular, Francesco Severi, who in this case showed that ρ < ∞).

However, in a meta-analysis of the current research, De Drue and Weingart ( 2003 ) showed that these two concepts are related to each other ( corrected correlation, ρ =. 54 ).

In an unpublished manuscript entitled Remarque sur l ’ impossibilité de satisfaire en nombres entiers a l ’ équation x < sup > p </ sup > + y < sup > p </ sup > = z < sup > p </ sup >, Germain showed that any counterexamples to Fermat's theorem for p > 5 must be numbers “ whose size frightens the imagination ,” around 40 digits long.

Emil Julius Gumbel ( 1958 ) showed that for any well-behaved initial distribution ( i. e., F ( x ) is continuous and has an inverse ), only a few models are needed, depending on whether you are interested in the maximum or the minimum, and also if the observations are bounded above or below.

While Ruffini and Abel established that the general quintic could not be solved, some particular quintics can be solved, such as ( x − 1 )< sup > 5 </ sup >= 0, and the precise criterion by which a given quintic or higher polynomial could be determined to be solvable or not was given by Évariste Galois, who showed that whether a polynomial was solvable or not was equivalent to whether or not the permutation group of its roots – in modern terms, its Galois group – had a certain structure – in modern terms, whether or not it was a solvable group.

Analysis showed the comet formed 4. 5 x 10 < sup > 9 </ sup > years ago from volatiles ( mainly ice ) that had condensed onto interstellar dust particles.

Issai Schur showed that any finitely generated periodic group that was a subgroup of the group of invertible n x n complex matrices was finite ; he used this theorem to prove the Jordan – Schur theorem.

Recent research on materials that exhibit a giant entropy change showed that Gd < sub > 5 </ sub >( Si < sub > x </ sub > Ge < sub > 1 − x </ sub >)< sub > 4 </ sub >, La ( Fe < sub > x </ sub > Si < sub > 1 − x </ sub >)< sub > 13 </ sub > H < sub > x </ sub > and MnFeP < sub > 1 − x </ sub > As < sub > x </ sub > alloys, for example, are some of the most promising substitutes for gadolinium and its alloys — GdDy, GdTb, etc.

D. H. Lehmer showed that the maximum value of B < sub > n </ sub >( x ) between 0 and 1 obeys

In 1976, Lowell Schoenfeld showed that for n ≥ 2010760, there is always a prime between n and ( 1 + < sup > 1 </ sup >⁄< sub > 16597 </ sub >) n. In 1998, Pierre Dusart improved the result in his doctoral thesis, showing that for k ≥ 463, p < sub > k + 1 </ sub > ≤ ( 1 + < sup > 1 </ sup >⁄< sub >( ln < sup > 2 </ sup > p < sub > k </ sub >)</ sub >) p < sub > k </ sub >, and in particular for x ≥ 3275, there exists a prime number between x and ( 1 + < sup > 1 </ sup >⁄< sub >( 2ln < sup > 2 </ sup > x )</ sub >) x.

In 1976 Christopher Hooley showed that the natural density of positive integers for which C < sub > n </ sub > is a prime is of the order o ( x ) for.

Employment Research conducted by MORI in 2005 for the Transform ( UK government neighbourhood management project ), and by Roger Tym & Partners for the Ilfracombe Community Alliance showed :- The service sector ( includes hotel and catering ) at 76 % is 2 x higher than the North Devon ( 40. 1 %) or Devon average ( 33. 7 %).

At the same time, he showed that all the elementary functions ( such as log ( x ), sin ( x ) etc.

" The photograph showed a protester holding a placard in which a picture of Coulter's face was painted over in red with an " x " over her mouth and the word " enemy " on her forehead.

and showed that the coefficient ring π < sub >*</ sub >( MU ) ( equal to the complex cobordism of a point, or equivalently the ring of cobordism classes of stably complex manifolds ) is a polynomial ring Zx < sub > 2 </ sub >,... on infinitely many generators x < sub > i </ sub > ∈ π < sub > 2i </ sub >( MU ) of positive even degrees.

No such α-activity was observed, but the 101 fraction showed spontaneous fission representing a t < sub > ½ </ sub > less than 3 hours.

François Truffaut was inspired by Little Fugitives spontaneous production style when he created The 400 Blows ( 1959 ), saying long afterwards: “ Our New Wave would never have come into being if it hadn ’ t been for the young American Morris Engel, who showed us the way to independent production with fine movie .”

Chemical analysis showed that the front armour plates were made from high-quality cemented armour ( S. t. a Plat according to Vickers-Armstrongs classification ), whereas the homogeneous roof and bottom armour plates were made from mediocre steel.

In 1939 Howard Robertson showed that a free falling observer descending in the Schwarzschild metric would cross the r = r < sub > s </ sub > singularity in a finite amount of proper time even though this would take an infinite amount of time in terms of coordinate time t.

" String figures are probably one of humanity's oldest games, and is spread among an astonishing variety of cultures, even ones as unrelated as Europeans and the Dayaks of Indonesia ; Alfred Wallace who, while traveling in Borneo in the 1800s, thought of amusing the Dayak youths with a novel game with string, was in turn very surprised when they proved to be familiar with it, and showed him some figures and transitions that he hadn ’ t previously seen.

Ehrhart showed in 1962 that L is a rational polynomial of degree d in t, i. e. there exist rational numbers a < sub > 0 </ sub >,..., a < sub > d </ sub > such that:

Imagining Holt ’ s fictional boss, Gleason proposed to Butler, “ Wouldn ’ t it be great if he showed up and made her crazy ?” In 1981, Gleason, Butler, Erwin and Tinker pitched the series to NBC, and were initially rejected by executives who didn't " get " the premise.

His grandson, the skier and SIS spymaster Peter Lunn, recalled: " My grandfather said ' Push him over the Reichenbach Falls ' and Conan Doyle hadn ’ t heard of them, so he showed them to him.

According to A & R Nick Raphael in an interview with HitQuarters, there was no initial clamour to sign the band, " There couldn ’ t have been less of a buzz, and only two record labels showed any interest in them.

The written account of an eye witness states that "...( t ) he eyes and nose alone showed some decay.

Spector grew up in Manhattan, which he described as a sometimes hostile environment where “ short, pudgy, Jewish kids didn ’ t fare well .” He showed an intense devotion to whatever topic became his obsession at any given time, from dinosaurs and airplanes as a small boy, to an interest in law by the sixth grade.

The two nearly identical billboards showed the downtown areas of each convention city in a cross hairs, with the message that “ when only one nuclear bomb could destroy a city ” like Minneapolis or Denver, “ we don ’ t need 6, 000 .” The name of Senator John McCain or Senator Barack Obama follows, with this admonition: “ It ’ s time to get serious about reducing the nuclear threat .” The billboards were removed after a complaint from Northwest Airlines, the official airline of the Republican convention.

These results prompted a study in 2005 which showed that AMPK directly phosphorylates GEF, but it doesn ’ t seem to directly activate MEF2.

For example, a recent study with malignant tumor cells showed that celecoxib could inhibit the growth of these cells in vitro, but COX-2 played no role in this outcome ; even more strikingly, the anticancer effects of celecoxib were also obtained with the use of cancer cell types that don ’ t even contain COX-2.

In reply, she promptly told him, “ pick me up at nine, and don ’ t forget your rubbers .” She worked to have politicians who opposed health reform defeated in favor of those who showed support.

" That emotion showed me how much pain can sit in this body of yours ; pain and sorrow that you don ’ t know you have until it is unleashed.

Moreover, a recent study with various malignant tumor cells showed that celecoxib could inhibit the growth of these cells, even though some of these cancer cells didn ’ t even contain COX-2.

showed that the condition that U < sub > t </ sub > is strongly continuous can be relaxed to say that it is weakly measurable, at least when the Hilbert space is separable.

He was quoted, “ You can beat an egg, you can beat a rug, but you can ’ t beat a win .” This quote probably showed the sense of relief the coach felt for finally winning a game.

Even though market research showed that people wouldn ’ t be happy with a transparent container for the dust, Dyson and his team decided to make a transparent container anyway and this turned out to be a popular and enduring feature which has been heavily copied.

Their long hair and music showed that they weren ’ t concerned with outward appearances, but with issues of the heart.

They did conjecture that this was the case and showed that it would follow from a special case of the four exponentials conjecture in transcendental number theory, specifically that for any two distinct prime numbers p and q, the only real numbers t for which both p < sup > t </ sup > and q < sup > t </ sup > are rational are the positive integers.