However, Hendrik Antoon Lorentz ( 1895 ) modified Fresnel's theory and showed that those experiments can be explained by a stationary aether as well:

‪ File: Hendrik Antoon Lorentz. jpg ‬| Hendrik Lorentz ( 1853 – 1928 ): clarified electromagnetic theory of light, shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect, developed concept of local time, derived the transformation equations subsequently used by Albert Einstein to describe space and time .‬‬‬

* Physics – Hendrik Antoon Lorentz and Pieter Zeeman

Three other professors received the Nobel Prize for their research performed at Universiteit Leiden: Hendrik Antoon Lorentz and Pieter Zeeman received the Nobel Prize for their pioneering work in the field of optical and electronic phenomena, and the physiologist Willem Einthoven for his invention of the string galvanometer, which among other things, enabled the development of electrocardiography.

< div align = center > Hendrik Lorentz | Hendrik Antoon Lorentz </ div >

Length contraction was postulated by George Francis FitzGerald ( 1889 ) and Hendrik Antoon Lorentz ( 1892 ) to explain the negative outcome of the Michelson-Morley experiment and to rescue the hypothesis of the stationary aether ( Lorentz – FitzGerald contraction hypothesis ).

The model was extended in 1905 by Hendrik Antoon Lorentz ( and hence is also known as the Drude – Lorentz model ) and was supplemented with the results of quantum theory in 1933 by Arnold Sommerfeld and Hans Bethe.

:: Hendrik Antoon Lorentz finds Michelson's calculation have errors ( i. e., doubling of the expected fringe shift error ).

This contradictory situation was resolved by the works of Hendrik Antoon Lorentz ( 1895, 1904 ) whose Lorentz ether theory banished any form of aether dragging, and finally with the work of Albert Einstein ( 1905 ) whose theory of special relativity doesn't contain the aether as a mechanical medium at all.

To rescue the hypotheses of a stationary aether, George Francis Fitzgerald and Hendrik Antoon Lorentz introduced length contraction, that is, all bodies contract in the line of motion by the factor.

Hendrik Antoon Lorentz

* see Hendrik Antoon Lorentz

A few months after Schwarzschild, Johannes Droste, a student of Hendrik Lorentz, independently gave the same solution for the point mass and wrote more extensively about its properties.

Scientists who accepted his invitation include luminaries such as Paul Dirac, Erwin Schrödinger, Werner Heisenberg, Hendrik Lorentz and Niels Bohr.

It is also known, especially among physicists, as the Lorentz distribution ( after Hendrik Lorentz ), Cauchy – Lorentz distribution, Lorentz ( ian ) function, or Breit – Wigner distribution.

After important contributions of Hendrik Lorentz and Henri Poincaré, in 1905, Albert Einstein solved the problem with the introduction of special relativity, which replaces classical kinematics with a new theory of kinematics that is compatible with classical electromagnetism.

* 1928 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist, Nobel laureate ( b. 1853 )

* 1853 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1928 )

It is named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz.

Many physicists, including Woldemar Voigt, George FitzGerald, Joseph Larmor, Hendrik Lorentz had been discussing the physics behind these equations since 1887.

Between 1892 and 1904, Hendrik Lorentz created an electron / aether theory, in which he introduced a strict separation between matter ( electrons ) and aether.

whereas in Relativistic mechanics and Lorentz transformations, which were first discovered by Hendrik Lorentz,

File: Pieter Zeeman. jpg | Pieter Zeeman ( 1865-1943 ): shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hendrik Lorentz for discovering the Zeeman effect ( splitting a spectral line into several components in the presence of a static magnetic field )

** Special relativity, a theory formulated by Albert Einstein, Henri Poincaré, and Hendrik Lorentz

Special relativity ( SR, also known as the special theory of relativity or STR ) is the physical theory of measurement in an inertial frame of reference proposed in 1905 by Albert Einstein ( after the considerable and independent contributions of Hendrik Lorentz, Henri Poincaré and others ) in the paper " On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies ".

The history of special relativity consists of many theoretical results and empirical findings obtained by Albert Michelson, Hendrik Lorentz, Henri Poincaré and others.

* February 4 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1853 )

The fireships Catharina and Schiedam attacked the Charles V ; the Catharina under commander Hendrik Hendriksz was sunk by the shore batteries but the Schiedam under commander Gerrit Andriesz Mak successfully set the Charles V alight ; the crew was captured by Van Brakel.

A competition was accordingly organized by Admiral Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen which was won by the Dutch poet Hendrik Tollens ( 1780 – 1856 ) with his poem Wien Neerlandsch bloed …, which, after some failed attempts by less gifted composers, was set to music by Johann Wilhelm Wilms ( 1772 – 1847 ), a German expatriate living in Amsterdam.

Hendrik Cassiers and Frans Dela Montagne laid the foundations of the diamond industry in the Campine region.

In 1910, Whittaker wrote " A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity ", which gave a very detailed account of the aether theories from René Descartes to Hendrik Lorentz and Albert Einstein, including the contributions of Hermann Minkowski, and which made Whittaker a respected historian of science.

The failure of any experiment to detect motion through the aether led Hendrik Lorentz in 1892 to develop a theory based on an immobile aether and the Lorentz transformation.

Hendrik Lorentz and George Francis FitzGerald offered within the framework of Lorentz ether theory a more elegant solution to how the motion of an absolute aether could be undetectable ( length contraction ), but if their equations were correct, Albert Einstein's 1905 special theory of relativity could generate the same mathematics without referring to an aether at all.

What is now often called Lorentz Ether theory (" LET ") has its roots in Hendrik Lorentz's " Theory of electrons ", which was the final point in the development of the classical aether theories at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century.

Dutch physicists Hendrik B. G. Casimir and Dirk Polder at Philips Research Labs proposed the existence of a force between two polarizable atoms and between such an atom and a conducting plate in 1947, and, after a conversation with Niels Bohr who suggested it had something to do with zero-point energy, Casimir alone formulated the theory predicting a force between neutral conducting plates in 1948 ; the former is called the Casimir-Polder force while the latter is the Casimir effect in the narrow sense.

Among his several important contributions to circuit theory and control theory, engineer Hendrik Wade Bode ( 1905 – 1982 ), while working at Bell Labs in the United States in the 1930s, devised a simple but accurate method for graphing gain and phase-shift plots.

In 1900 Hendrik Lorentz wrote, that Le Sage's particle model is not consistent with the electron theory of his time.

This was further elaborated by Hendrik Lorentz ( 1899, 1904 ) in the framework of Lorentz ether theory.

The Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz hit on a very similar idea in 1892 and developed it more fully into Lorentz transformations, in connection with his theory of electrons.

: 1904 – Hendrik Lorentz publishes a new theory of moving bodies, without discarding the stationary ( electromagnetic ) ether concept.

Hendrik Lorentz ( 1899, 1904 ) and Albert Einstein ( 1905 ) developed a different theory which became more widely accepted ; nevertheless, Abraham never gave up believing that his views were correct, since in his eyes they were based on " common sense ".

However Hendrik Lorentz and Henri Poincaré derived their version of the theory from Maxwell's equations and the principle of relativity.

Hendrik Pieter ( Henk ) Barendregt ( born 1947, Amsterdam ) is a Dutch logician, known for his work in lambda calculus and type theory.

The approach explained here is similar to the approach used by Leroy MacColl ( Fundamental theory of servomechanisms 1945 ) or by Hendrik Bode ( Network analysis and feedback amplifier design 1945 ), both of whom also worked for Bell Laboratories.

Other important contributions to Maxwell's theory were made by George FitzGerald, Joseph John Thomson, John Henry Poynting, Hendrik Lorentz, and Joseph Larmor.