Concerning the differences and similarities in Machiavelli's advice to ruthless and tyrannical princes in The Prince and his more republican exhortations in Discourses on Livy, many have concluded that The Prince although written in the form of advice for a monarchical prince, contains arguments for the superiority of republican regimes, similar to those found in the Discourses.

However Sidney regarded the Republic as vigorously pursuing England's national interests ( in contrast to the Stuart's record of military failure ), writing in his Discourses Concerning Government:

* Sidney, Algernon: Discourses Concerning Government ( London, 1698, and later editions );

* Sidney, Algernon: Algernon Sidneys Betrachtungen über Regierungsformen ( Leipzig, Weygand, 1793: German translation of Discourses Concerning Government )

* Sidney, Algernon: Discourses Concerning Government, ed.

Shortly thereafter, there appeared a pamphlet entitled Two Seasonable Discourses Concerning the Present Parliament, that argued that the king should call a new parliament because a new parliament would vote the king money, preserve the Church of England, introduce religious toleration for the Nonconformists, and deliver Catholics from the penal laws in an exchange for Catholics being deprived of access to court, holding office, and the right to bear arms.

His best known work, Patriarcha, published posthumously in 1680, was the target of numerous Whig rebuttals, including Algernon Sidney's Discourses Concerning Government, James Tyrrell's Patriarcha Non Monarcha, and John Locke's Two Treatises of Government.

Filmer's patriarchal monarchism was also the target of Algernon Sydney in his Discourses Concerning Government and of James Tyrrell in his Patriarcha non monarcha.

Sydney, who wrote " Discourses Concerning Government ," was beheaded by order of Charles II following his ( unproven ) implication in a failed attempt to overthrow the king.

Discourses Concerning the Truth of the Christian Religion ( 1746 ) was a work of Christian apologetics.

He became an early opponent of John Locke, whose An Essay Concerning Human Understanding ( 1690 ) he attacked in Christian Blessedness or Discourses upon the Beatitudes in the same year ; he also combatted Locke's theories in his Essay toward the Theory of the Ideal or Intelligible World ( 1701-4 ).

Title page of Sidney's Discourses Concerning Government ( 1698 )

Lee Ward ( 2008 ) argues that the philosophical origins of Whiggism came in James Tyrrell's Patriarcha Non Monarcha ( 1681 ), John Locke's Two Treatises of Government ( 1689 ), and Algernon Sidney's Discourses Concerning Government ( 1698 ).

* Sidney, Algernon: Discourses on Government.

* Mansfield, Harvey C. Machiavelli's New Modes and Orders: A Study of the Discourses on Livy ( 2001 ) excerpt and text search

2003 ), a highly influential study of Discourses and its vast influence ; excerpt and text search ; also online 1975 edition

* Journal of Discourses ( HTML format ): does not retain italics in text ; some words have been improperly run-together.

* God in Christ: Three Discourses Delivered at New Haven, Cambridge, & Andover ( 1849 ), University of Michigan Library, 2005, ISBN 1-4255-3727-8, 1876 edition: text online, includes a preliminary dissertation arguing that language is inadequate to express things of the spirit.

In a preface to the Discourses, addressed to Lucius Gellius, Arrian states that " whatever I heard him say I used to write down, word for word, as best I could, endeavouring to preserve it as a memorial, for my own future use, of his way of thinking and the frankness of his speech.

In Oxford, he wrote a series of Jewish almanacs for Christians, which he later collected and compiled as the Discourses on the Ecclesiastical and Civil Polity of the Jews ( 1706 ).

As a lecturer, Reynolds ' Discourses on Art ( delivered between 1769 and 1790 ) are remembered for their sensitivity and perception.

Sir Joshua Reynolds in his Discourses praised his " simple, grave, and majestic dignity " and said he " stands in general foremost of the first best painters ", especially for his frescoes ( in which he included the " Raphael Cartoons "), whereas " Michael Angelo claims the next attention.

An address to the candidates for the baccalaureate in Yale College called " The Nature and Danger of Infidel Philosophy, Exhibited in Two Discourses, Addressed to the Candidates for the Baccalaureate, In Yale College " was delivered on September 9, 1797.

) Known to us mainly from the 28th and 29th Discourses of Dio Chrysostom, in which that writer uses his life as a canvas for a discussion of the ideal athlete and the ideal man, Dio praises his athleticism, good looks, and brave heart.

We are warned earlier in the Discourses ( just after Theorem 6 ) of possible fallacies and the need for a " higher science.

In the sixth of his famous academical Discourses ( 1774 ), he wrote that the painter may use the work of the ancients as a " magazine of common property, always open to the public, whence every man has a right to take what materials he pleases " ( Reynolds 1775, In 19th-century England, John Ruskin also pleaded for eclecticism.

" An argument for the people ", said the Solicitor General of the Discourses, " to rise up in arms against the King ".

Elsewhere in the New Testament ( for example, the " Farewell Discourses " of John 14 through 16 ) Jesus elaborates on what has become known the commandment of love, repeated and elaborated upon in the epistles of Paul ( 1 Corinthians 13 etc.

Further, it is not at all clear that Machiavelli himself was the apologist for immorality as whom he is often portrayed: the basic problem is the apparent contradiction between the monarchism of The Prince and the republicanism of the Discourses.

The British painter Sir Joshua Reynolds in his Discourses of the 1770s and 1780s, reiterated the argument for still life to the lowest position in the hierarchy of genres on the grounds that it interfered with the painter's access to central forms, those products of the mind's generalising powers.

Two Discourses concerning the Affairs of Scotland ( 1698 ), in which he discussed the problems of Scottish trade and economics ; and An Account of a Conversation concerning a right regulation of Governments for the common good of Mankind ( 1703 ).

* First in a series of 41 Discourses on Ashtavakra Gita available for Free Downloading

Niccolò Machiavelli agreed that Sparta was noteworthy for its long and static existence, but nevertheless asserted that, for virtù and glory, Rome was much preferable ( Discourses ).

The main work is The Discourses, four books of which have been preserved ( out of an original eight ).

In 1967 Baba personally supervised the editing and publication of a new three-volume version of the Discourses, which became known as the sixth edition.

Pocock, in the so-called " Cambridge School " of interpretation have been able to show that some of the republican themes in Machiavelli's political works, particularly the Discourses on Livy, can be found in medieval Italian literature which was influenced by classical authors such as Sallust.

In the next year, Corneille published Trois discours sur le poème dramatique ( Three Discourses on Dramatic Poetry ), which were, in part, defenses of his style.

In terms of subject matter it overlaps with the much longer Discourses on Livy, which was written a few years later.

In his Discourses to Sabinus, of which only fragments are preserved in a book against heresies ascribed to Anastasius, Paul writes:

In her research paper titled " Redefining Fa ' afafine: Western Discourses and the Construction of Transgenderism in Samoa ," Johanna Schmidt has argued that the Western attempts to reinterpret the Samoan third gender identity of Fa ' afafine in terms of homosexuality is influencing the fa ' afafine identity itself which is being reorganised in western ways, i. e. from being a feminine gender space to being a homosexual space.

He published Miscellaneous Discourses relating to the Traditions and Usages of the Scribes and Pharisees which included a translation of part of the Jewish Mishnah in ( 1718 ).

The libertarian philosopher Friedrich Hayek quoted Sidney's Discourses on the title page of his The Constitution of Liberty: " Our inquiry is not after that which is perfect, well knowing that no such thing is found among men ; but we seek that human Constitution which is attended with the least, or the most pardonable inconveniences ".

In 1582 he published his Heptameron of Civil Discourses, a collection of tales which includes The Rare Historie of Promos and Cassandra.

The political philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli's most famous works are Discourses on Livy, Florentine Histories and finally The Prince, which has become so well known in Western society that the term " Machiavellian " has come to refer to the realpolitik advocated by the book.

The Gospel of Matthew has a structured set of sermons, often grouped as the Five Discourses of Matthew which present many of the key teachings of Jesus.

* John Bell begins publication in Edinburgh of The Anatomy of the Bones, Muscles & Joints ( the first volume of The Anatomy of the Human Body, which will go through at least seven editions ) and Discourses on the Nature and Cure of Wounds with illustrations by himself and his brother Charles.

In Edo ( today's Tokyo ) there also lived Shikano Buzaemon ( 1649 – 99 ) who wrote the Shikano Buzaemon kudenbanashi ( Oral Instruction Discourses of Shikano Buzaemon ) and the Shika no makifude ( The Deer's Brush, 1686 ), a work containing 39 stories, eleven of which are about the kabuki milieu.

Whitelocke was greatly interested in antiquarian studies, and was the author of several papers which are printed in Thomas Hearne's Collection of Discourses ( 1771 ); his journal, or Liber famelicus, was edited by John Bruce and published by the Camden Society in 1858.

Guicciardini was critical of some of the ideas expressed by Machiavelli in his Discourses on Livy, " Guicciardini's principal objection to the theories which Machiavelli advanced in the Discourses was that Machiavelli put things ' too absolutely.

Two years later he began a series of Discourses on the same subject, in which he applied the principles of his Moderator to the miracles of the Gospels in detail.

The Discourses, 30, 000 copies of which were said to have been sold, were six in number, the first appearing in 1727, the next five 1728-1729, with two Defences in 1729 1730.