§ 68 VwVGO rules the preliminary proceeding, called “ Vorverfahren ” or “ Widerspruchsverfahren ”, which is a stringent prerequisite for the administrative procedure, if an action for rescission or a writ of mandamus against an authority is aimed.

: When, after the action had thus occurred, his own men returned to each general, Scipio could adopt no fixed plan of proceeding, except that he should form his measures from the plans and undertakings of the enemy: and Hannibal, uncertain whether he should pursue the march he had commenced into Italy, or fight with the Roman army which had first presented itself, the arrival of ambassadors from the Boii, and of a petty prince called Magalus, diverted from an immediate engagement ; who, declaring that they would be the guides of his journey and the companions of his dangers, gave it as their opinion, that Italy ought to be attacked with the entire force of the war, his strength having been nowhere previously impaired.

The Austrian Code of Civil Procedure ( Zivilprozessordnung – ZPO ) does not provide for a special proceeding for complex class action litigation.

# Has previously been declared to be a vexatious litigant by any state or federal court of record in any action or proceeding based upon the same or substantially similar facts, transaction, or occurrence.

The Hildebrandine party was aroused to action, however ; a Lateran council of March 1112 declared null and void the concessions extorted by violence ; a council held at Vienne in October 1111 excommunicated the Emperor ; and Paschal II sanctioned the proceeding.

Although not as common, lawsuit may also refer to a criminal action, criminal proceeding, or criminal claim.

In medieval times, both " action " and " suit " had the approximate meaning of some kind of legal proceeding, but an action terminated when a judgment was rendered, while a suit also included the execution of the judgment.

A petition is the oldest form of Parliamentary proceeding, and the one through which most early statutes were originally passed ; the King would be petitioned to take action by Members of Parliament, and would assent to their request ; laws passed in this way include Magna Carta and the Statute of Westminster.

For example, the NZFS code " K1 " means " proceeding to incident ", while the Police code " K1 " means " no further police action required ".

A cause of action for abuse of process may lie in situations where a criminal proceeding is brought against a defendant for improper motives.

Judicial disqualification, also referred to as recusal, refers to the act of abstaining from participation in an official action such as a legal proceeding due to a conflict of interest of the presiding court official or administrative officer.

It also criticized the Vatican for proceeding with this action without securing Chinese input, and put on the Holy See the blame for the non-existence of the diplomatic channels that would have facilitated input.

After this proceeding I put the above mixture into a slip pan for evaporation, either by heat of the sun or by submitting it to the action of fire or steam conveyed in flues or pipe under or near the pan till the water is entirely evaporated.

Giving false testimony in a judicial proceeding even though the allegation is made that the person giving the testimony knew it to be false, does not give rise, either at common law or by statute, to a civil action for damages, resulting from such testimony.

If the FTC institutes an adjudicative proceeding ( a hearing ), the person who originated the matter by complaining to the FTC is not a party to the action and does not have any control over it.

If “ agency personnel acted arbitrarily or capriciously with respect to the withholding, Special Counsel shall promptly initiate a proceeding to determine whether disciplinary action is warranted against the officer or employee who was primarily responsible for the withholding .” In this way, there is recourse for one seeking information to go to a federal court if suspicion of illegal tampering or delayed sending of records exists.

It may also be thus adjourned if there is no possibility of proceeding in the foreseeable future-for example an action may be adjourned sine die if the individual is in prison and there is no prospect of continuing the action at that time.

* Warning: alerts that the current course of action could be in some way dangerous or detrimental, often offering the option of not proceeding.

: The principal function of the writ is to afford to the court in which an action was tried in an opportunity to correct its own record with reference to a vital fact not known when the judgment was rendered, and which could not have been presented by a motion for a new trial, appeal or other existing statutory proceeding.

The Florida Supreme Court held that a cause of action for invasion of privacy was supported by the facts of the case, but in a later proceeding found that there were no actual damages.

Other thinkers ( Adler, 1986 ) assert that norms can be natural in a different sense than that of " corresponding to something proceeding from the object of the prescription as a strictly internal source of action ".

The Act abolished California's action for divorce and replaced it with the proceeding for dissolution of marriage on the grounds of irreconcilable differences.

In order for the appeal to succeed, the appellant must prove that the lower court committed reversible error, that is, an impermissible action by the court acted to cause a result that was unjust, and which would not have resulted had the court acted properly.

Another consequentialist version is motive consequentialism which looks if the state of affairs that results from the motive to choose an action is better or at least as good as each of the alternative state of affairs that would have resulted from alternative actions.

Sir Humphry Davy's work with electrolysis led to the conclusion that the production of electricity in simple electrolytic cells resulted from chemical action and that chemical combination occurred between substances of opposite charge.

Luxembourg was invaded by Louis XIV of France ( husband of Maria Theresa, daughter of Philip IV ) in 1684, an action that caused alarm among France's neighbours and resulted in the formation of the League of Augsburg in 1686.

The process has been long-the first action in the EU resulted from a report written for the European Commission in 1993.

The conference was held shortly after the signing of the New START, and resulted in a call of action toward eliminating all nuclear weapons.

This action in turn resulted in many openings at the lower level of the officer corps, which were filled by new graduates from the service academies.

The policy of standardization by the Sirimavo government to rectify disparities created in university enrollment, which was in essence an affirmative action to assist geographically disadvantaged students to obtain tertiary education, resulted in reducing the proportion of Tamil students at university level and acted as the immediate catalyst for the rise of militancy.

Unlike an ordinary statute of limitations, which begins running upon accrual of the claim, the period contained in a statute of repose begins when a specific event occurs, regardless of whether a cause of action has accrued or whether any injury has resulted.

This action resulted in further devaluation of the Surinamese guilder.

The deployment of these new underwater weapons resulted in only 1 battleship, but 2 armored cruisers and 2 destroyers being sunk in action ; with the remainder of the 80 some odd warships being sunk by the more conventional methods of gunfire, mines, and scuttling.

Although much romanticized by the Left, the Jarrow Crusade marked a deep split in the Labour Party and resulted in no government action.

In the libel action that resulted from this, Williams accepted substantial damages, and the publishers accepted that the stories were untrue.

Public protests and union action resulted these closures not being carried out.

Ticonderoga continued to serve as a staging base for the action in Quebec until the battle and siege at Quebec City that resulted in Montgomery's death.

His action resulted in the freeing of 118 Americans and the capture of 293 British troops, while suffering fewer than ten casualties.

If the poisoned water resulted in a death, that death might be considered part of the action of the agent that pumped the water.

He also worked to make union strong arm squads more effective when the Communists declared a " Red Terror " after the failed February uprising ; this action resulted in the murder of twenty " anti-union " figures, and the kidnapping, beating, and intimidation of others associated with anti-union activities.

In the second half of the 17th century renewed action against the Protestants in the isolated mountain valleys resulted in the expulsion of Protestant ministers with the peasants who would not give up Protestantism ; about 30, 000 chose compulsory emigration to Transylvania over conversion.

The majority report said that P2 action resulted in "… the pollution of the public life of a nation.

This military action suppressed much of the fledging revolutionary movement, and resulted in the arrest of many radical leaders, including Menotti.

When the Department continued to license a gas chamber in Cobb County, a second court action was brought, which resulted in the Department being held in contempt.

Its last major action resulted in the 1997 Japanese embassy hostage crisis.

This action became known as the Protestant Revolution of 1689, and resulted in the reversion of Lord Baltimore's proprietary charter and the province being converted into a Royal colony.

His action resulted in the Catholic activist, Henry I, Duke of Guise, forming the Catholic League.