Alpha bronze alloys of 4 – 5 % tin are used to make coins, springs, turbines and blades.

Etruscan coins were in gold, silver and bronze, the gold and silver usually having been struck on one side only.

* Download an Excel list of all Gallienus bronze and billon coins incl.

John Francis Wilson thinks it possible to have been a pagan bronze statue whose true identity had been forgotten ; some have thought it to be Aesculapius, the God of healing, but the description of the standing figure and the woman kneeling in supplication is precisely that found on coins depicting the bearded emperor Hadrian reaching out to a female figure symbolizing a province kneeling before him.

Excavation of the earth of the altar yielded burnt stones, small animal ( cow and pig ) bones, tiny pottery fragments, iron knives, clay figures, coins from Aegina, a clay figure of a bird, and two small bronze tripods.

Finds included a silver coin of Marcia ( 124BC ), pottery, weapons and tools, bronze ornaments, and Roman coins from Vespasian to Valentinian II.

The denominations of sestertius and dupondius were introduced as large bronze coins.

The decimal coins are minted in copper-plated steel ( previously bronze ), nickel-plated steel, cupro-nickel and nickel-brass.

In 182 BCE, Lü Zhi issued a bronze coin that was much lighter in weight than previous coins.

The two main cities had sewage systems, bronze, trade tokens ( early coins ), and hieroglyphs.

The techniques for bronze casting, used at the time for making coins ( as well as bells and statues ) were adapted to making metal type.

As each of the short-lived emperors took power they needed ways to raise money quickly to pay the military's " accession bonus " and the easiest way to do so was by simply cutting the silver in coins and adding less valuable metals like bronze or copper.

No copy in marble or bronze has survived, though there are recognizable but approximate versions on coins of nearby Elis and on Roman coins and engraved gems.

Majorian minted coins in gold, silver and bronze.

Euphranor's bronze is sometimes taken as the type on which the iconography of coins and gems was based, since the figure held poppies and grain.

Although the archetypical image of Britannia seated on a shield first appeared on Roman bronze coins of the 1st century AD struck under Hadrian, Britannia's first appearance on British coinage was on the farthing in 1672, though earlier pattern versions had appeared in 1665, followed by the halfpenny later the same year.

Other artifacts include bronze reliefs depicting a sea deity, fishermen and tritons, nine stone or bronze statues of dogs, one of which has a human face, and some of which are similar to Irish Wolfhounds, a bronze plaque of a woman, a bronze arm, an oculist's stamp ( used by physicians to mark their cakes of eye ointment ), about 320 pins, nearly 300 bracelets, and over 8, 000 coins.

The First Spouse Program under the Presidential $ 1 Coin Act authorizes the United States Mint to issue half-ounce $ 10 gold coins and bronze medal duplicates to honor the first spouses of the United States.

In 1955, bronze 50 centavos were introduced, along with smaller 5-peso coins and a new 10-peso coin.

Bullion versions of these coins are also available, with the outer ring made of gold, instead of aluminium bronze.

Of Diodotus I we possess gold, silver and bronze coins, some of which are struck in the name of Antiochos.

Besides flathead bronze screws, silicon bronze Stronghold nails ( made by Independent Nail & Packing Co., Bridgewater, Mass. ) are used extensively in assembly and Weldwood resorcinol glue is used in all the joints.

Their autumn tints are all fairly low keyed compared with the fiery stabs of crimson, gold, purple, bronze, blue and vermilion that flame up in North America.

Examples of substitutional alloys include bronze and brass, in which some of the copper atoms are substituted with either tin or zinc atoms.

Bronze does not necessarily contain tin, and a variety of alloys of copper, including alloys with arsenic, phosphorus, aluminium, manganese, and silicon, are commonly termed " bronze ".

Copper and tin ores are rarely found together ( exceptions include one ancient site in Thailand and one in Iran ), so serious bronze work has always involved trade.

There are many different bronze alloys but modern bronze is typically 88 % copper and 12 % tin.

Historical " bronzes " are highly variable in composition, as most metalworkers probably used whatever scrap was on hand ; the metal of the 12th century English Gloucester Candlestick is bronze containing a mixture of copper, zinc, tin, lead, nickel, iron, antimony, arsenic with an unusually large amount of silver – between 22. 5 % in the base and 5. 76 % in the pan below the candle.

The Benin Bronzes are really brass, and the Romanesque Baptismal font at St Bartholomew's Church, Liège is described as both bronze and brass.

Commercial bronze ( 90 % copper and 10 % zinc ) and architectural bronze ( 57 % copper, 3 % lead, 40 % zinc ) are more properly regarded as brass alloys because they contain zinc as the main alloying ingredient.

However, if copper chlorides are formed, a corrosion-mode called " bronze disease " will eventually completely destroy it.

Bronzes are softer and weaker than steel — bronze springs, for example, are less stiff ( and so store less energy ) for the same bulk.

Some common examples are the high electrical conductivity of pure copper, the excellent deep drawing qualities of cartridge case brass, the low-friction properties of bearing bronze, the resonant qualities of bell bronze, and the resistance to corrosion by sea water of several bronze alloys.

Nearly all professional cymbals are made from a bronze alloy.

Some companies are now making saxophones from phosphor bronze ( 3. 5 to 10 % tin and up to 1 % phosphorus content ).

The subject would be obscure, save that the names of the characters are inscribed in the bronze.

The style was used in bronze by Bernini for his spectacular St. Peter's baldachin, actually a ciborium ( which displaced Constantine's columns ), and thereafter became very popular with Baroque and Rococo church architects, above all in Latin America, where they were very often used, especially on a small scale, as they are easy to produce in wood by turning on a lathe ( hence also the style's popularity for spindles on furniture and stairs ).

Handheld crossbows with complex bronze trigger mechanisms have also been found with the Terracotta Army in the tomb of Qin Shihuang ( r. 221 – 210 BC ) that are similar to specimens from the subsequent Han Dynasty ( 202 BC – 220 AD ), while crossbowmen described in the Qin and Han Dynasty learned drill formations, some were even mounted as cavalry units, and Han Dynasty writers attributed the success of numerous battles against the Xiongnu to massed crossbow fire.

Bronze has several characteristics that made it preferable as a construction material: although it is relatively expensive, does not always alloy well, and can result in a final product that is " spongy about the bore ", bronze is more flexible than iron and therefore less prone to bursting when exposed to high pressure ; cast iron cannon are less expensive and more durable generally than bronze and withstand being fired more times without deteriorating.

The doors of the mosques in Cairo were of two kinds ; those which, externally, were cased with sheets of bronze or iron, cut out in decorative patterns, and incised or inlaid, with bosses in relief ; and those in wood, which were framed with interlaced designs of the square and diamond, this latter description of work being Coptic in its origin.

* A bronze statue of Minerva lies in monument square Portland, Maine.

File: CMOC Treasures of Ancient China exhibit-square bronze hu. jpg | A square bronze hu vessel

The square next to the museum displays six bronze allegorical sculptural groups in a row, originally produced for the Exposition Universelle ( 1878 ):

The only sculptured monument on the square is a bronze statue of Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, who helped to clear Moscow from the Polish invaders in 1612, during the Times of Trouble.

Individually cast curved bronze plates square with turned in edges were joined together by rivets through holes formed during casting to form a series of rings.

In 2005, a tall pillar with a bronze statue of the Krasnoyarsk heraldic lion upon its top was erected at the Krasnoyarsk Railway Station square.

His name comes from the word herma referring to a square or rectangular pillar of stone, terracotta, or bronze ; a bust of Hermes ' head, usually with a beard, sat on the top of the pillar, and male genitals adorned the base.

A stone and bronze marker in the square tells the story of Fort Jewell, a sod fort built to protect the citizens from an Indian raid.

There is a bronze monument made by the French artist Ossip Zadkine of Vincent and his brother Theo on the " Vincent van Gogh Plein " ( Vincent van Gogh square ), as a tribute to the great artist van Gogh.

This includes buildings around the large town square, the old town hall with murals and bronze gargoyles, and the town tower " Černá věž " (" Black Tower ").

A bronze statue of Bartlett stands in the town square of Amesbury, Massachusetts.

The pedestal is decorated with four bronze relief panels, each square, cast from captured French guns.

A bronze equestrian statue was built in the centre of the square in 1934 in honour of the Sultan of Egypt, a work of Greek sculptor Dimitriadis.

In the square stands the bronze statue of Trygve Lie, created by the Norwegian artist Nicolaus Widerberg which was erected in 1994.

Examples of the first include the Ch ' ollima Statue ; a twenty-meter high bronze statue of Kim Il-sung in front of the Museum of the Korean Revolution ( itself, at 240, 000 square meters, one of the largest structures in the world ); the Arch of Triumph ( similar to its Parisian counterpart, although a full ten meters higher ); and Chuch ' e Tower, 170 meters high, built on the occasion of Kim's seventieth birthday in 1982.

Which is pictured as a bronze statue at the main square in the center of the village.

Percussion court includes the pyeongjong ( bronze bells ), pyeongyeong ( stone chimes ), chuk ( square wooden box with mallet ) and eo ( tiger-shaped scraper ).

His memorial stands in the market square, topped by a bronze effigy of St George slaying the dragon – said to represent the demon drink.

The oracle and bronze characters for tian 天 emphasize the cranium of this " great ( person )", either with a square or round head, or head marked with one or two lines.

Throughout the house, wall sconces can be found in the shape of a hemispherical shade suspended beneath a square bronze fixture.

The zun () or yi (, used until Northern Sòng ) is an ancient type of Chinese bronze or ceramic wine vessel with a round or square vase-like form, and sometimes in the shape of an animal, dating from the Shang Dynasty.

At the north end of the square is the bronze Shepherd and Sheep by Dame Elisabeth Frink.

After the Velvet Revolution, Palach ( along with Zajíc ) was commemorated in Prague by a bronze cross embedded at the spot where he fell outside the National Museum, as well as a square named in his honour.