Cretinism is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones ( congenital hypothyroidism ) usually due to maternal hypothyroidism.

to a pronounced mental deficiency, are not punishable ".

The Colorado City / Hildale, Utah area has the world's highest incidence of fumarase deficiency, an extremely rare genetic condition which causes severe mental retardation.

He was examined by military authorities, who claimed he suffered from a mental deficiency.

Ferdinand was incapable of ruling his empire because of his mental deficiency, so his father, before he died, drafted a will promulgating that he consult Archduke Louis on every aspect of internal policy, and urged him to be influenced by Prince Metternich, Austria's foreign minister.

Cretinism is an old term for the state of mental and physical retardation resulting from untreated congenital hypothyroidism, usually due to iodine deficiency from birth because of low iodine levels in the soil and local food sources.

As a global project in coordination with UNICEF, members and clubs contributed more than $ 80 million toward the global elimination of iodine deficiency disorders ( IDD ), the leading preventable cause of mental retardation.

As a global project in coordination with UNICEF, members and clubs contributed more than $ 80 million toward the global elimination of iodine deficiency disorders ( IDD ), the leading preventable cause of mental retardation.

All cases studied demonstrated some degree of mental deficiency ; I. Q.

Children born with Edwards syndrome may have some or all of the following characteristics: kidney malformations, structural heart defects at birth ( i. e., ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus ), intestines protruding outside the body ( omphalocele ), esophageal atresia, mental retardation, developmental delays, growth deficiency, feeding difficulties, breathing difficulties, and arthrogryposis ( a muscle disorder that causes multiple joint contractures at birth ).

Born in 1768 in the fictional Provençal town Plassans to middle-class parents ( members of the French " bourgeoisie "), she has a slight mental deficiency.

However, as adults in their 30s and 40s, these people, who had been children with growth hormone deficiency, were now adults with growth hormone deficiency and had more than their share of common adult problems: reduced physical, mental, and social energy, excess adipose and diminished muscle, diminished libido, poor bone density, higher cholesterol levels, and higher rates of cardiovascular disease.

Penrose went on to identify and study many of the genetic and chromosomal causes of mental retardation ( then called mental deficiency ).

The term feeble-minded was used from the late nineteenth century in Great Britain, Europe and the United States to refer to a specific type of " mental deficiency ".

At the time, mental deficiency was an umbrella term, which encompassed all degrees of educational and social deficiency.

Within the concept of mental deficiency, researchers established a hierarchy, ranging from idiocy, at the most severe end of the scale ; to imbecility, at the median point ; and to feeble-mindedness at the highest end of functioning.

The latter was conceived of as a form of high-grade mental deficiency.

The development of the ranking system of mental deficiency has been attributed to Sir Charles Trevelyan in 1876, and was associated with the rise of eugenics.

" Wild card " terms outside the established hierarchy of mental deficiency, such as idiot savant, may have been used as connotations for those who would today be considered to be included in the autistic spectrum.

* Aniridia, cerebellar ataxia, and mental deficiency ( Gillespie syndrome )

Casey heard the voice distinctly and he knew who it was, but it took him a while to make the mental readjustment and control the disturbance inside his head.

There were no depressingly serious cases: the ward doctor sometimes teamed up with the chaplain to serve as a marriage counselor -- sometimes the Navy sent people back to the States to preserve a marriage -- but mental health as a rule was very high.

It was also intended so that Americans with disabilities would be kept in the mainstream in terms of scientific and medical research and developments, especially opening future opportunities in Space exploration to them, as well as public policy changes, healthcare law and policy changes, and civil rights protections and public law changes for Americans with physical, mental and cognitive disabilities.

As editor of the Journal für praktische Chemie ( Journal of practical chemistry, from 1870 to 1884 ), Kolbe was sometimes so severely critical of the work of others, especially after about 1874, that some wondered whether he might have been suffering a mental illness.

The intuitionists believed that aesthetic experience was disclosed by a single mental faculty of some kind.

Children in the areas where Agent Orange was used have been affected and have multiple health problems, including cleft palate, mental disabilities, hernias, and extra fingers and toes.

The mental ray engine was included in rendering and therefore it is possible to do quality renderings.

Lobotomy at the time was used to treat many behavioral disorders, including psychosis, although its effect was to markedly reduce behavior and mental functioning of all types.

In addition to the drinking problems, it had become obvious that he also was having serious mental problems ; Martha Maria said that, " It was like sometimes he was drunk even when he wasn't drinking.

The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh, an artist whose creativity was influenced by mental illness

In September 1898, Hannah Chaplin was committed to Cane Hill mental asylum — she had developed a psychosis seemingly brought on by malnutrition and an infection of syphilis.

One of the main theses of casuists was the necessity to adapt the rigorous morals of the Early Fathers of Christianity to modern morals, which led in some extreme cases to justify what Innocent XI later called " laxist moral " ( i. e. justification of usury, homicide, regicide, lying through " mental reservation ", adultery and loss of virginity before marriage, etc .— all due cases registered by Pascal in the Provincial Letters ).

In its early years, critics held that the empiricism of cognitive psychology was incompatible with its acceptance of internal mental states.

The central technique was " auditing ," a two-person question-and-answer therapy designed to isolate and dissipate engrams ( or " mental masses ").

His son Franz suffered his entire life from an ( undiagnosed ) mental illness, his inferior intellect was a terrible disappointment to his father and this tragedy was a matter of distress to the mathematicians and students at Göttingen.

There have been five revisions since it was first published in 1952, gradually including more mental disorders, although some have been removed and are no longer considered to be mental disorders.

The initial impetus for developing a classification of mental disorders in the United States was the need to collect statistical information.

The manual was 130 pages long and listed 106 mental disorders.

Although the APA was closely involved in the next significant revision of the mental disorder section of the ICD ( version 8 in 1968 ), it decided to go ahead with a revision of the DSM.

" After his parents ' divorce in 1953 when he was seven years old, Donaldson's mother was diagnosed with a mental disorder and abandoned her two sons.

Therefore, a person whose mental disorder is not in dispute is determined to be sane if the court decides that despite a " mental illness " the defendant was responsible for the acts committed and will be treated in court as a normal defendant.

In 1973, after years of criticism from gay activists and bitter dispute among psychiatrists, the American Psychiatric Association removed homosexuality as a mental disorder from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

' ) This contrast and utter disproportion greatly occupied these philosophers in the philosophemes of the Eleatics, in Plato's doctrine of the Ideas, in the dialectic of the Megarics, and later the scholastics in the dispute between nominalism and realism, whose seed, so late in developing, was already contained in the opposite mental tendencies of Plato and Aristotle.

Cognitive restructuring is a psychotherapeutic process of learning to identify and dispute irrational or maladaptive thoughts, such as all-or-nothing thinking ( splitting ), magical thinking and emotional reasoning, which are commonly associated with many mental health disorders.

In addition to the controversy inherent in this, there is also some dispute about the extent to which Dennett is committing to realism about mental properties.