Lincoln's followers organized a campaign team led by David Davis, Norman Judd, Leonard Swett, and Jesse DuBois, and Lincoln received his first endorsement to run for the presidency.

The Ecumenical Council of Nicea AD 325 was convened by Constantine under the presidency of Saint Hosius of Cordova and Pope Saint Alexander I of Alexandria to resolve the dispute and eventually led to the formulation of the Symbol of Faith, also known as the Nicene Creed.

Subsequent protest led to the 2000 Ecuadorean coup d ' état which saw Mahuad's removal from office and the elevation of Vice President Gustavo Noboa to the presidency.

His presidency was dominated by the negotiation process, mainly between his NP government and Mandela's ANC, which led to the democratisation of South Africa.

After the collective presidency led by Vladimir Mitkov was dissolved, Kiro Gligorov became the first democratically elected president of the Republic of Macedonia on 31 January 1991.

With Aziz constitutionally completing his term and the suspension of the Chief Justice in 2007, Musharraf dramatically fell from the presidency in 2008 after voluntarily resigning in a facing threat of impeachment led by the people-elected opposition parties.

In the case of the German Empire ( 1871-1918 ), the official name was Deutsches Reich, is literally translated as " German Realm ", because formally the official position of its head of state, in the Constitution of the German Empire, was a " presidency " of a confederation of German states led by the King of Prussia.

This was the limit to what the nation could bear and led to the opposition leader Kim Dae-jung winning the presidency in the same year.

A leader in the Enlightenment, Jefferson was a polymath who spoke five languages and was deeply interested in science, invention, architecture, religion and philosophy, interests that led him to the founding of the University of Virginia after his presidency.

A few days after the election, Adams named Clay his Secretary of State, a position which at that time often led to the presidency.

Protests in 2010 – 2011 led to President Ben Ali fleeing Tunisia, his presidency being declared vacant by the Constitutional Council, and Fouad Mebazaa becoming acting President for up to 60 days.

This presidency ended in 1928 when the Northern Expedition, led by the Kuomintang ( KMT ), succeeded in conquering North China.

Initially, Jean-Claude Duvalier resisted the dynastic arrangement that had made him Haiti's leader, having preferred that the presidency go to his older sister Marie-Denise Duvalier, and was content to leave substantive and administrative matters in the hands of his mother, Simone Ovide Duvalier, and a committee led by Luckner Cambronne, his father's Interior Minister, while he attended ceremonial functions and lived as a playboy.

The film then led to Shapiro booking Kaufman on the first episode of Saturday Night Live, which occurred in 1975, during Gerald Ford's presidency ; Carter would not get elected to the position until 1976, nor would he take office until January 1977.

To avoid a repeat of this effect, which led to the election of Democratic Progressive Party candidate Chen Shui-bian to the presidency in 2000 by a low share of votes, Chairman Soong ran as vice-president on KMT Chairman Lien Chan's presidential ticket in the 2004 presidential election.

It published Charles W. Eliot's " The New Education ", a call for practical reform that led to his appointment to presidency of Harvard University in 1869.

What is known is that IRB involvement in the League's sister organisation, the Home Rule Confederation of Great Britain, led to the moderate Butt's ousting from its presidency ( even though he had founded the organisation ) and the election of Parnell in his place on 28 August 1877.

Judges were replaced by allies to PRE, PRIAN and PSP political parties with the clear intention of dropping criminal charges against former president Abdalá Bucaram, accused of several acts of corruption during his presidency which led to his exile in Panama from 1997 until April 2005.

At least 25 coup attempts took place during his presidency, mostly led by wealthy conservative military officers.

The fascist government of Benito Mussolini's Italy had supported Zog since early in his presidency ; that support had led to increased Italian influence in Albanian affairs.

The reformers, led by former Yugoslav President Vojislav Koštunica, have been unable to gain control of the Serbian presidency because three successive presidential elections have failed to produce the required 50 % turnout.

Grant's suspected involvement also led his presidency to be called the Era of Good Stealings.

Their relationship led to controversy later, during his presidency of the World Bank Group.

Although often led by a single person, presidencies can also be of a collective nature, such as the presidency of the European Union is held on a rotating basis by the various national governments of the member states.

Sadat's presidency saw many changes in Egypt's direction, reversing some of the economic and political principles of Nasserism by breaking with Soviet Union to make Egypt an ally of the United States, initiated the peace process with Israel, re-instituting the multi-party system and abandoning socialism by launching the Infitah economic policy.

His presidency is remembered first for his negotiations with the two left-wing guerrilla groups FARC and ELN, culminating in the grant of a demilitarized safe haven to the guerrillas the size of Switzerland, and second for his breaking off said negotiations.

Gordillo accused Madrazo of trying to bribe her with the party's presidency in exchange for supporting his candidacy ; she also said that Madrazo had no respect for democracy and just wanted to assure himself of the nomination and was breaking party rules to impose a party leader of his own choosing.

Much later, after breaking with several Latter Day Saint factions, he exercised his own claim to the presidency of the church, with little result.

Felipe Calderón passed several reforms during his presidency, breaking through some of the gridlock faced since Mexico's transition to democracy.

Contacts with the FARC, which had irregularly continued despite the generalized de facto interruptions of the ceasefire and the official 1987 break from negotiations, were temporarily cut off in 1990 under the presidency of César Gaviria ( 1990 – 1994 ).

Strauss's seeming relationship with the Nazis in the 1930s attracted criticism from some noted musicians, including Arturo Toscanini, who in 1933 had said, " To Strauss the composer I take off my hat ; to Strauss the man I put it back on again ," when Strauss had accepted the presidency of the Reichsmusikkammer.

Hillery however defended his action by saying that it was important to kill off the story for the good of the presidency, rather than allow the rumour to circulate and be accepted as " fact " in the absence of a denial.

From a low-key modest presidency that many had written off as mediocre, his presidency came to be seen as embodying the highest standards of integrity.

President Kibaki is the first leader in the East Africa and may be in Africa to bring into place a new constitution, that deprives the presidency off powers and not hang around in power like most African leaders.

Hall retired as Simon's Rock's president in 1972, handing the post off to Dr. Baird W. Whitlock, whose presidency ended in 1977.

Since this was before Zaphod blocked off sections of his own brain for the presidency, readers are able to glimpse what his original personality was like.

Mexico also resumed diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom and Soviet Union, which had been broken off during the presidency of his predecessor.

U. S. president Richard Nixon stated his fear that Chile could become " another Cuba ", and the U. S. cut off most of its foreign aid to Chile and supported Allende's opponents in Chile during his presidency, intending to encourage Allende's resignation, his overthrow, or his defeat in the impending election of 1976.

He is not someone that takes an absolutist position and then drives the presidency and the branches together off the brink.

The first three years of his presidency were characterized by efforts to achieve economy stability, the paying off of the foreign debts, the reduction of public spending, the implementation of social programs benefiting the people and the promotion of industrial growth.

In America, the Neo-Conservatives ' aspirations to use the United States military power for further destruction of evil are thrown off track by the ascent of George H. W. Bush to the presidency, followed by the 1992 election of Bill Clinton leaving them out of power.

Due to the nature of the U. S. presidency there is no strict or clear guidance regarding days that the president can take off.

* Free trade agreement ( 1860 ) finalized between Britain and France under the presidency of Napoleon III, prepared by Michel Chevalier and Richard Cobden, sparks off successive agreements between other countries in Europe.

However Rauti became disillusioned with the MSI, particularly after the party supported the presidency bid of Giovanni Gronchi and the premiership of Giuseppe Pella, and so his group split off at the 1956 party conference, with Rauti launching a tirade of abuse at the MSI leadership as he left.

Following Kan's announced resignation in August 2011, Maehara initially planned to support Finance Minister Yoshihiko Noda, but broke off this support due to disagreement over whether to raise the consumption tax, and declared his own candidacy for the presidency of the DPJ on 22 August.