An amateur photographer and Olympic sailor, he was an early supporter of Nazism among German industrialists, joining the SS in 1931, and never disavowing his allegiance to Hitler.

Despite ideological differences and holding territorial claims on the Soviet Union, Adolf Hitler admired Stalin and his politics and believed that Stalin was in effect transforming Soviet Bolshevism into a form of Nazism.

[...] I cannot abide in Nazism -– the regimentation -– cruelty -– oppression of Jews -– attitude towards religion, etc., but Hitler, him –- the peasant -– will rank some day with Joan of Arc among the deliverers of his people.

With the rise of Nazism and the ascent to power of Adolf Hitler in 1933, many German intellectuals and cultural figures, both Jewish and non-Jewish, fled Germany for the United States, the United Kingdom, and other parts of the world.

After Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, a right-facing and rotated swastika was incorporated into the Nazi party flag, which was made the state flag of Germany during Nazism.

Hitler and Nazism.

Ossietzky continued to be a constant warning voice against militarism and Nazism when, in January 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor and the Nazi dictatorship began.

Hitler and Nazism borrowed much of Gobineau's ideology, though Gobineau himself was not anti-Semitic, and may even be characterised as philo-Semitic.

While he feared Nazism and the rise of Hitler, he also feared Communism.

The wide use of sweeping reserve powers by Adolf Hitler, contained in Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution, has often been cited as an important factor in the failure of the Weimar Republic and the decisive attainment of totalitarian power by Nazism in Germany in the 1930s.

Koppel, an only child, was born in Nelson, Lancashire, England, after his German Jewish parents fled Germany due to the rise of Adolf Hitler and Nazism.

Opposing Adolf Hitler because of his germanophobia, Maurras himself criticized the racist policies of Nazism in 1936, and requested an integral translation of Mein Kampf – some of its passages had been censored in the French edition.

It was united by its abhorrence of Nazism and its desire to conceive of a new Germany after the fall of Hitler.

Disenchanted with German culture after the shock of World War I, Iorga also had strong views on Adolf Hitler, Nazi Germany and Nazism in general, taking in view their contempt for the Versailles system, but also their repressive politics.

With the rise of Adolf Hitler and Nazism, the Rhön community moved its draft-age men and children to Liechtenstein around 1934 because of their conscientious refusal to serve in the armed forces and to accept Nazi teachers.

In West Germany, the " Luther to Hitler " interpretation was almost universally rejected in favor of the view that Nazism was simply one instance of totalitarianism that arose in various countries.

In Germany, following World War I, Nazism arose as a political movement incorporating antisemitic ideas, expressed by Adolf Hitler in his book Mein Kampf ().

After the war, his two books on Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler were believed to favour Nazism.

An admirer of German National Socialism, Savitri Devi was also an animal-rights activist who authored the book The Impeachment of Man in 1959 and was a proponent of Hinduism and Nazism, synthesizing the two, proclaiming Adolf Hitler to have been sent by Providence, much like an avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu.

Hitler stated once that Nazism was cool-headed and realistic.

In addition to the " Black Front ", Strasser at this time headed the Free German Movement outside Germany which sought to enlist the aid of Germans throughout the world in bringing about the downfall of Hitler and Nazism.

He also became disenchanted with Hitler and Nazism, often refusing to broadcast and going on strike, sometimes for months at a time.

In 1933, when Hitler came to power, the newspaper, whose editors were Revisionist Party members, praised Nazism as a German national liberation movement and said that Hitler had saved Germany from Communism.

While works such as Susan Zuccotti's Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy ( 2000 ) and Michael Phayer's The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930 – 1965 ( 2000 ) are critical of both Cornwell and Pius XII ; Ronald J. Rychlak's Hitler, the War and the Pope is critical as well but defends Pius XII in light of his access to most recent documents.

* Brysac, Shareen Blair ( 2000 ) Resisting Hitler: Mildred Harnack and the Red Orchestra Oxford University Press.

* Kershaw, Ian Hitler, 1936-45: Nemesis, New York: Norton, 2000, ISBN 0393049949.

in the third edition, published in 2000, he wrote a new preface in which he did revise, though not reverse, his opinion of the authenticity of Hitler Speaks:

* Spy Gadgetry: Espionage Equipment Designed to Fight Hitler, by Alan Lance Andersen, GAMES Magazine, April 2000.

In 2000 he played Hitler at the Royal National Theatre in David Edgar's Speer.

In the 2000 edition of The Nazi Dictatorship, Kershaw wrote he considered Gerhard Ritter's claim that one “ madman ” ( i. e. Hitler ) single-handedy caused World War II to that of a German apologist, and that he found the historical approach of Ritter ’ s arch-enemy Fritz Fischer to be a far better way of understanding German history.

In his two-volume biography of Hitler published in 1998 and 2000, Kershaw stated " What I tried to do was to embed Hitler into the social and political context that I had already studied ".

In July 2000, Upson, known in Ku Klux Klan ( KKK ) circles as " Baby Hitler ", with several previous convictions for hate-related offences, was sentenced to two years in prison for threatening the pastor of a predominantly black Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, congregation.

Since then Van Vrekhem has published The Mother-The Story of Her Life ( 2000 ), Overman-The Transitional Being between the Human and the Supramental ( 2000 ), Patterns of the Present-in the Light of Sri Aurobindo ( 2002 ), and Hitler and His God-The Background to the Nazi Phenomenon ( 2006 ).

Studien zur Geschichte des deutschen Widerstandes, 2000 ; translated into English by Angus McGeoch as Alternatives to Hitler: German Resistance under the Third Reich, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-691-11693-8.

As a reaction to the participation of the FPÖ ( Austrian Freedom Party ) in the Austrian federal government in 2000, Maislinger suggested that the city of Braunau am Inn should establish a " House of Responsibility " in the birth house of Adolf Hitler.

A major response to Hitler's Pope came from University of Mississippi law professor Ronald J. Rychlak in his 2000 book on the subject, Hitler, the War, and the Pope.

The " Germany Trilogy " deals with three turning points in 20th century German history: the first movie Hundert Jahre Adolf Hitler (" A Hundred Years of Adolf Hitler ", 1989 ) covers the last hours of Adolf Hitler, the second Das deutsche Kettensägenmassaker (" The German Chainsaw-Massacre ", 1990 ), depicts the German reunification of 1990 and shows a group of East-Germans who cross the border to visit West-Germany and get slaughtered by a psychopathic West German family with chainsaws, and the third Terror 2000 ( 1992 ) focuses on xenophobic violence after the reunification process.

* Kershaw, Sir Ian Hitler, 1936 – 45: Nemesis, New York: W. W. Norton, 2000.

The first three installments were dedicated to prominent 20th-century rulers: Moloch ( 1999 ), about Hitler, Taurus ( 2000 ), about Lenin, and The Sun ( 2004 ) about Emperor Hirohito.

*" Reflections on the Position of Hitler and Göring in the Third Reich " pages 86 – 97 from Reevaluating the Third Reich edited by Jane Caplan and Thomas Childers, New York, 1993, ISBN 0-8419-1178-9.

* Hamerow, Theodore S. On the Road to the Wolf's Lair: German Resistance to Hitler ( 1997 ) 454 pages

* Thomsett, Michael C. The German Opposition to Hitler: The Resistance, the Underground, and Assassination Plots, 1938 – 1945 ( 2nd ed 2007 ) 278 pages

Irving had long been an avid collector of Nazi memorabilia, and in October 1982 purchased 800 pages of documents relating to Hitler, only to discover that many of the documents were forgeries.

*" A. J. P. Taylor, Hitler and the War " pages 86 – 96 from Encounter, Volume 17, July 1961.

In these pages he is not the man who stopped the rot, but the embodiment of Conservative wisdom who decided that Hitler must be obstructed because Labour could not otherwise be resisted ".

*" Encumbered Remembrance: The Controversy about the Incomparability of National-Socialist Mass Crimes " pages 63 – 71 & " Postscript, April 21, 1987 " pages 264-265 from Forever In The Shadow of Hitler?

* Mommsen, Hans " German Society And The Resistance Against Hitler, 1933-1945 " pages 255-276 from The Third Reich The Essential Readings edited by Christian Leitz, London: Blackwell, ISBN 0-631-20700-7.

* Orbach, Danny " Criticism Reconsidered: The German Resistance to Hitler in Critical German Scholarship " pages 565-590 from The Journal of Military History, Volume 75, Issue # 2, April 2011.

* < cite > The Blitzkrieg Myth: How Hitler and the Allies Misread the Strategic Realities of World War II </ cite >, John Mosier, HarperCollins, 2003, hardcover, 400 pages, ISBN 0-06-000976-4

* < cite > Deathride: Hitler vs. Stalin-The Eastern Front, 1941-1945 </ cite >, John Mosier, Simon & Schuster, 2010, hardcover, 480 pages, ISBN 1-4165-7348-7

* Trevor-Roper, Hugh " A. J. P. Taylor, Hitler and the War " pages 86 – 96 from Encounter, Volume 17, July 1961.

However, this merely revealed that Londonderry never understood that the anti-Semitism redolent throughout the 600 pages of Mein Kampf required no reverting back to by Hitler because it had always been retained as a core essence of Nazism.

* Broszat, Martin " Hitler and the Genesis of the ‘ Final Solution ’: An Assessment of David Irving ’ s Theses "" pages 73-125 from Yad Vashem Studies, Volume 13, 1979 ; reprinted pages 390-429 in Aspects of the Third Reich edited by H. W.

He provided 68 pages of information on Hitler alone, including personal details of Hitler's private life, and he helped Professor Henry Murray, the Director of the Harvard Psychological Clinic, and psychoanalyst Walter C. Langer and other experts to create a report for the OSS, in 1943, designated the " Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler ".

* In the final pages of the book there is a group discussion about Hitler ’ s prospects for a successful invasion of Great Britain.

Land ohne geschichte without a history, translated into English as " History In a Land Without History " pages 16 – 17 from Forever In The Shadow of Hitler?

A Preliminary Assessment " pages 214-223 from Reworking The Past: Hitler, the Holocaust, and the Historians ' Debate edited by Peter Baldwin, Boston: Beacon Press, 1990, ISBN 0-8070-4302-8.

*“ Neither Denial nor Forgetfulness Will Free Us From the Past: Harmonizing Our Understanding of History Endangers Freedom ” pages 202-215 from Forever In The Shadow Of Hitler?

*" The Search for the ' Lost History ' Observations on the Historical Self-Evidence of the Federal Republic " pages 101 – 113 and " The New Historical Consciousness and the Relativizing of National Socialism " pages 114 – 124 from Forever In The Shadow of Hitler?