Hale agreed with Hobbes that the interpretation of the law could not be left to individual reason, and that the law is not an exact science ; the best that can be produced is a set of laws which give a reasonable outcome in the majority of cases.

The divine politics of Thomas Hobbes – an interpretation of Leviathan, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1964

Skinner's particular contribution was to articulate a theory of interpretation which concentrated on recovering the ' speech acts ' embedded in the ' illocutionary ' statements of specific individuals in writing works of political theory ( Machiavelli, Thomas More, and Thomas Hobbes have been continuing preoccupations ).

He also asserted that the absence of any reference to Hobbes, the questionable utility of refuting Hobbes when he was a non-issue in the most immediate debates, and the fact that Locke claims to have never read Hobbes or Spinoza, " those justly-decried names ," harms any interpretation that interprets Locke as in any way responding to Hobbes.

When Thomas Hobbes wrote that " the Papacy is no other than the ghost of the deceased Roman Empire sitting crowned upon the grave thereof ", he was promulgating an enormously important truth.

Hobbes said :" The Latines called Accounts of mony Rationes ... and thence it seems to proceed that they extended the word Ratio, to the faculty of Reckoning in all other things .... When a man reasoneth hee does nothing else but conceive a summe totall ... For Reason ... is nothing but Reckoning ... of the consequences of generall names agreed upon, for the marking and signifying of our thoughts ...."

In Hobbes reasoning is the right process of drawing conclusions from definitions ( the " names agreed upon ").

If nature cannot err, then there are no paradoxes in it ; to Hobbes, the paradox is a form of the absurd, which is inconsistency: " Natural sense and imagination, are not subject to absurdity " and " For error is but a deception ...

" The words " Is, or Bee, or Are, and the like " add no meaning to an argument nor do derived words such as " Entity, Essence, Essentially, Essentiality ", which " are the names of nothing " but are mere " Signes " connecting " one name or attribute to another: as when we say, A man, is, a living body, wee mean not that the Man is one thing, the Living Body another, and the Is, or Being another: but that the Man, and the Living Body, is the same thing ;...." " Metaphysiques ," Hobbes says, is " far from the possibility of being understood " and is " repugnant to naturall Reason.

Being to Hobbes ( and the other empiricists ) is the physical universe: The world, ( I mean ... the Universe, that is, the whole masse of all things that are ) is corporeall, that is to say, Body ; and hath the dimension of magnitude, namely, Length, Bredth and Depth: also every part of Body, is likewise Body ... and consequently every part of the Universe is Body, and that which is not Body, is no part of the Universe: and because the Universe is all, that which is no part of it is nothing ; and consequently no where.

Hobbes ' view is representative of his tradition.

William " Bill " Boyd Watterson II ( born July 5, 1958 ) is an American cartoonist and the author of the comic strip Calvin and Hobbes, which was syndicated from 1985 to 1995.

In " The Complete Calvin And Hobbes ," Watterson does not name the inspiration for Calvin's character, but he does say Calvin is named for " a 16th-century theologian who believed in predestination ," and Hobbes for " a 17th-century philosopher with a dim view of human nature.

The systematic approaches of Hobbes and Locke ( in their analysis of social relations ) were largely influenced by the experiences in their period.

Locke is a slightly more ambiguous case than Hobbes because although his conception of liberty was largely negative ( in terms of non-interference ), he differed in that he courted the " republican " ( classical ) tradition of liberty by rejecting the notion that an individual could be free if he was under the arbitrary power of another:

A critical period in the history of this work's influence is at the end of the Middle Ages, and beginning of modernity, when several authors such as Niccolò Machiavelli, Francis Bacon and Thomas Hobbes, argued forcefully and largely successfully that the medieval Aristotelian tradition in practical thinking had become a great impediment to practical political thinking in their time.

Dr. Emil Hobbes ( Fred Doederlin ) is conducting unorthodox experiments with parasites for use in transplants, however, he believes that humanity has become over-rational and lost contact with its flesh and its instincts, so the effects of the organism he actually develops is a combination of aphrodisiac and venereal disease.

The real distinction between essence and existence, and that between form and matter, which served for so long as the basis of metaphysics, Hobbes identifies as " the Error of Separated Essences.

Other philosophers, such as Thomas Hobbes and David Gauthier, have argued that the conflicts which arise when people each pursue their own ends can be resolved for the best of each individual only if they all voluntarily forgo some of their aims — that is, one's self-interest is often best pursued by allowing others to pursue their self-interest as well so that liberty is equal among individuals.

Some people, including Aubrey, consider these two contiguous, possibly coincidental events as related and causative of his death: " The Snow so chilled him that he immediately fell so extremely ill, that he could not return to his Lodging ... but went to the Earle of Arundel's house at Highgate, where they put him into ... a damp bed that had not been layn-in ... which gave him such a cold that in 2 or 3 days as I remember Mr Hobbes told me, he died of Suffocation.

Hobbes argues that although some may be stronger or more intelligent than others in their natural state, none are so strong as to be beyond a fear of violent death, which justifies self-defense as the highest necessity.

In Leviathan, Hobbes explicitly states that the sovereign has authority to assert power over matters of faith and doctrine, and that if he does not do so, he invites discord.

In Leviathan ( 1651 ), Hobbes argues that although some may be stronger or more intelligent than others in their natural state, none are so strong as to be beyond a fear of violent death, which justifies self-defence as the highest necessity.

Hobbes argued that all humans are by nature equal in faculties of body and mind ( i. e. no natural inequalities are so great as to give anyone a " claim " to an exclusive " benefit ").

In the above passage Hobbes proposes a rough equivalence among men, based on the idea that the strongest man is not so strong that he is protected from the strength of the weakest and is thus not strong enough to be considered greater.

: Perhaps they finally gave him the award to get him off the ballot after so many consecutive years on it ; the rule ( at least since multiple-winner Bill Watterson ’ s Calvin and Hobbes ) for the Reuben Award is once-only per creator.

In this way, Locke corrects Hobbes on Hobbesian principles, and so should not be read as breaking from him philosophically.

Hobbes also learns from a mysterious " ally ", Inga Fossa, that Santiago is planning the ultimate act of terrorism in the real world so that Harsh Realm is all that remains.

Huntington's liberal theory of civil-military relations seemed to flow from thinkers like Thomas Hobbes, who advocated that the role of the military was to protect society from threats emerging from the state of nature present in international relations, unbound by the social contract ; and John Stuart Mill, who argued strenuously that the military must be regulated and controlled by the state so that it may not pursue its own objectives counter to democratic society.

Hobbes sees the main abuse as teaching that the kingdom of God can be found in the church, thus undermining the authority of the civil sovereign.

Hobbes then goes on to criticise what he sees as many of the practices of Catholicism: " Now for the worship of saints, and images, and relics, and other things at this day practised in the Church of Rome, I say they are not allowed by the word of God ".

Watterson's cat, Sprite, very much inspired the personality and physical features of Hobbes.

This idea was already rejected as untenable by John Calvin ( 1509 – 1564 ), and by the time of Thomas Hobbes ( 1588 – 1679 ) it was recognised that the book must have been written much later than the period it depicted.

" Parkin observes that much of Cumberland's material " is derived from Roman Stoicism, particularly from the work of Cicero, as " Cumberland deliberately cast his engagement with Hobbes in the mould of Cicero's debate between the Stoics, who believed that nature could provide an objective morality, and Epicureans, who argued that morality was human, conventional and self-interested.

Another member of the Hobbes / Harrington generation, Sir Robert Filmer, reached conclusions much like Hobbes ', but through Biblical exegesis.

Hobbes then discusses the various books which are accepted by various sects, and the question much disputed between the diverse sects of Christian religion, from whence the Scriptures derive their authority.

What is less frequently appreciated is that René Descartes, who is today remembered mainly as a paradigmatic enemy of materialism and mechanism ( and in that respect quite the opposite of Hobbes ), also did much to advance the mechanistic understanding of nature, in both his scientific works on mechanics and in his philosophical works on metaphysics.

John Locke begins by describing the state of nature, a picture much more stable than Thomas Hobbes ' state of " war of every man against every man ," and argues that all men are created equal in the state of nature by God.

They taught that man was inherently evil in nature much in accordance to Enlightenment philosopher Thomas Hobbes.

He only appeared as an animate being to Billy, Mary and later Dudley, ( much in the same way that Hobbes only appears sentient to Calvin in Calvin and Hobbes ).

From 1992 to 1999, The Independent ran Blegvad's strangely surreal, comic strip, Leviathan, which received much critical praise for blending some of the most interesting elements of Krazy Kat with a coming-of-age-esque story akin to Calvin and Hobbes.