Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly those that emphasize cynical attitudes and sexual motivations.

A half-decade after Double Indemnity and The Lost Weekend, Billy Wilder made Sunset Boulevard ( 1950 ) and Ace in the Hole ( 1951 ), noirs that were not so much crime dramas as satires on, respectively, Hollywood and the news media.

The innovative nature of science fiction means that new shows cannot rely on predictable market-tested formulas like legal dramas or sitcoms ; the involvement of creative talent outside the Hollywood mainstream introduces more variables to the budget forecasts.

In the years that followed World War II, shadows darkened the scenery to add psychological complexity to a number of early film noir dramas, like Leave Her to Heaven, while at the same time a secret battle involving blacklisted Broken Arrow screenwriter Albert Maltz, a prominent member of the “ Hollywood Ten ," was being fought on the same dusty ground.

He studied radio acting with Daws Butler ( Time for Beany, Merrie Melodies, Yogi Bear ) for four years and went on to work with nearly all of the original Hollywood radio actors in classic-style radio dramas.

In Hollywood, he found work in television, making small guest appearances in comedies like Gomer Pyle, USMC and dramas, such as ABC's Channing with Jason Evers and Combat!

Additionally, she has served as executive producer of two prime time cable dramas, the first season of Soapnet's prime time General Hospital spin-off General Hospital: Night Shift ( 2007 ) and Nickelodeon's Hollywood Heights ( 2012 ).

The popular use of " noir " in the term " noir fiction " derives immediately from " film noir " as it has been used to characterize certain putatively " dark " Hollywood crime dramas and melodramas, many early examples of which were based on works by the original hardboiled writers.

In the next couple of years she would star in both dramas and films, including The Hole ( a Korean remake of Hollywood thriller Hush ) and the romantic comedies First Kiss with Ahn Jae-wook and The Romantic President with Ahn Sung-ki.

He returned to Hollywood and appeared in a diverse group of films that included comedies, murder mysteries and dramas, and also worked on Broadway.

Initially offering hour-long dramas adapted from successful Hollywood films, the series was hosted and produced by Robert Montgomery.

Syndicated programming includes talk shows ( such as Live with Kelly and The Wendy Williams Show ), court shows ( such as Judge Judy and Judge Joe Brown ), newsmagazines ( such as Access Hollywood and TMZ on TV ), off-network dramas ( such as Law & Order: Special Victims Unit ) and weekend morning children's shows.

In the Golden Age of Hollywood, MGM Studios was responsible for shooting 52 films a year, from screen epics such as Gone with the Wind ( although it was shot in the Culver Studios ), Ben-Hur, and Mutiny on the Bounty, to drawing-room dramas such as Grand Hotel, Dinner At Eight, and Anna Karenina.

Filming in England proved a difficult experience, as he was used to his own Hollywood studio and familiar crew.

She used her Miss America scholarship money to study acting at HB Studios in New York City before moving to Hollywood to pursue a film and television career.

French New Wave films and the non-narrative films of the 1960s used a carefree editing style and did not conform to the traditional editing etiquette of Hollywood films.

In Hollywood a Music Supervisor's primary responsibility is to act as liaison between the film production and the recording industry, negotiating the use rights for all source music used in a film.

On his return to Hollywood in the spring of 1946, MGM had nothing lined up and used him in yet another B-movie: Living in a Big Way.

He used his position on the board of directors of the Writers Guild of America, West on a number of occasions to mediate disputes between unions and the Hollywood studios, and although he was frequently accused by some on the right of championing the unions, he was valued by the studios as an effective mediator.

They quickly made friends with Hollywood insider ( and fellow Ivy Leaguer ) Allan Dwan, but Hawks landed his first important job when he used his family's wealth to loan money to studio head Jack Warner.

The Hollywood directors and producers sometimes found ample opportunity for audience exploitation, with gimmicks such as 3-D and " Percepto " ( producer William Castle's pseudo-electric-shock technique used for The Tingler, 1959 ).

Another one of her songs (" Spin the Bottle ") was used in the soundtrack of the Hollywood film Reality Bites ( 1994 ).

Singer Alice Cooper remembers their drinking club, The Hollywood Vampires, commenting that Moon (" the Puck of Rock ' n ' Roll ") used to enter dressed up as the Pope, one of many costumes he wore to elicit humour from others.

While this structuralist approach to Marxism and filmmaking was used, the more vociferous complaint that the Russian filmmakers had was with the narrative structure of Hollywood filmmaking.

MIDI Show Control is used to cue and synchronize lighting and effects for theatrical events, such as the Waterworld: A Live Sea War Spectacular | Waterworld attraction at Universal Studios Hollywood.

The HD video opera transmissions are presented via the same HD digital cinema projectors used for major Hollywood films.

In recent years, Tarantino has used his Hollywood power to give smaller and foreign films more attention than they might have received otherwise.

Alma-Tadema's meticulous archaeological research, including research into Roman architecture ( which was so thorough that every building featured in his canvases could have been built using Roman tools and methods ) led to his paintings being used as source material by Hollywood directors in their vision of the ancient world for films such as D. W. Griffith's Intolerance ( 1916 ), Ben Hur ( 1926 ), Cleopatra ( 1934 ), and most notably of all, Cecil B. DeMille's epic remake of The Ten Commandments ( 1956 ).

Another former mining town, Real de Catorce in Mexico, has been used as a backdrop for Hollywood movies such as The Mexican, Bandidas, and The Treasure of the Sierra Madre.

This camera has been used in Hollywood to digitally master 70 and 65 mm films.

It is explicitly stated in a conversation between Carl Hollywood and Elizabeth's grandfather that multiple ractors were used in Elizabeth's case.

Another version in this variation ( mostly in match play ) and in Hollywood Gin ( see below ), a second deck of cards will be used to determine the knock value of a hand.

Once he could afford writers, he rarely used his own material until his tenure on Hollywood Squares years later.

Hollywood Squares logo used from 1986 – 1989.

Hollywood Squares logo used from 1998 – 2002.

Hollywood Squares logo used from 2002 – 2004.

Another writer in this tradition was Henry Farrell whose best-known work was the Hollywood horror novel What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?

The following year, a whirlwind of rumors flew around Hollywood that Busey had been fired from horror movie Mansion of Blood from Elusive Entertainment.

Jaws is often credited as being one of the first films to use traditionally B movie elements such as horror and mild gore in a big-budget Hollywood film.

Hollywood actress Maila Nurmi, best known as the horror icon " Vampira ", was often referred to as Paavo Nurmi's niece.

He got his first credited directing job in 1944 by replacing the original director on the stylish horror film The Curse of the Cat People, for Hollywood horror producer Val Lewton.

He became known during the late 1990s and early 2000s, having initially appeared in several independent films, and later mainstream Hollywood films, including the Scream trilogy of horror films, Phantoms, The Sum of All Fears, X-Men Origins: Wolverine, Salt and Goon.

" Several years before Angel debuted, Joss Whedon developed the concept behind Buffy the Vampire Slayer to invert the Hollywood formula of " the little blonde girl who goes into a dark alley and gets killed in every horror movie.

She is known as one of the first Hollywood scream queens thanks to her role in the 1941 horror film Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and her reputation as a glamorous femme fatale was enhanced by her performance in the film noir The Postman Always Rings Twice ( 1946 ).

Boris Karloff played the leading role in several major Hollywood horror films in the 1930s.

In the spring of 1938, the series earned a good deal of publicity for its fourth anniversary as a half-hour show when actor Boris Karloff, the star of many a Hollywood horror film, traveled to Chicago to appear in five consecutive episodes.

Frank Schrek of The Hollywood Reporter wrote that the film " lives up to the spirit but not the quality of its inspirations " and is ultimately a " cheesy and ultragory exploitation horror flick " and " strangely devoid of thrills, shocks or horror.

Urban's first Hollywood role was in the 2002 horror film Ghost Ship.

After writing ( and occasionally editing ) for magazines and writing books, Hansen returned to acting in 1988, appearing in the horror spoof Hollywood Chainsaw Hookers, and has appeared in 20 films since.

* The shock rock band Murderdolls mentions Dr. Phibes as well as other notable horror film characters in the single, Dead in Hollywood, off of their first album Beyond the Valley of the Murderdolls.

Since his return to Hollywood, he has produced an award winning film short, 2002's The Cricket Player ; starred in a horror comedy film, 2003's Shredder ; and provided his voice for Osamu Tezuka's Metropolis and the 3-D Disney film Mickey's PhilharMagic.

Examples of these include the Hays Code, which affected Hollywood films from the 1930s to the 1950s, and the Comics Code, which was designed to deal with the rise of horror comics in the 1950s and lasted into the 1970s.

The first film released by the resurrected Hollywood was the 2006 horror film Stay Alive, then Primeval and The Invisible are both set in the 1990s.

In October 2007 he appeared in his first Hollywood film, Dante's Criterion, described as a supernatural horror story of a possessed television, as " Ziggy Fontain " a wheelchair-using TV advertising producer.

Sutherland, a fantasy fiction fan who dislikes the horror genre, had recently moved to Hollywood from New York City in 1996 and was not actively looking for acting jobs when her agent called her with the opportunity to play Joyce.

Murderdolls is an American horror punk supergroup, founded during 2002 in Hollywood, California.

However, his ground-breaking work with Rob Bottin on the science fiction horror classic The Thing that year brought him to prominence in Hollywood.