However, some barter economies rely on durable goods like pigs or cattle for this purpose.

However, the cost of calculators fell as components and their production techniques improved, and the effect of economies of scale were felt.

However, surprisingly enough, Shalev and Asbjornsen found, in their research based on 139 reverse auctions conducted in the public sector by public sector buyers, that the higher auction volume, or economies of scale, did not lead to better success of the auction.

However, production has not grown in relation to the world's economies.

However, due to economies of scale the management fee from larger funds can generate a significant part of a manager's profits, and as a result some fees have been criticized by some public pension funds, such as CalPERS, for being too high.

However, the biggest chunk of Italian public debt is owned by national subjects, and relatively high levels of private savings and low levels of private indebtedness are seen as making it the safest among Europe's struggling economies.

However, efficient firms can benefit from economies of scale, increased competitiveness and lower costs, as well as expect profitability to be a result.

However, despite decades of receiving aid and experiencing different development models ( which have had very little success ), many Third World country's economies are still dependent on developed countries and are deep in debt.

However, in the former Soviet Union GDP decreased as their economies restructured to produce goods they needed and some capital flight occurred.

However, both the French and German economies improve in the latter half of the decade.

However, VCD has simultaneously seen significant new growth in emerging economies like India, Indonesia, South America and Africa as a low-cost alternative to DVD.

However, as the labor market becomes more specialized and economies demand higher levels of skill, governments and businesses are increasingly investing in the future of vocational education through publicly funded training organizations and subsidized apprenticeship or traineeship initiatives for businesses.

However, since Austria became a member state of the European Union it has gained closer ties to other European Union economies, reducing its economic dependence on Germany.

However, economies of scale and the demand for high speed networking in even non-technical areas has dramatically decreased the time it takes for newer networking technologies to reach commodity price points.

However, there are notable exceptions, as some countries considered developed have a significant component of primary industries in their national economies, e. g., Norway, Canada, Australia.

However, the post-World War I slump hit the area economies hard, causing an effect well known to other parts of the country as well.

However, the local economies experienced only mild improvement due to improved mining productivity, which allowed demand to be met with only a modest increase in staffing levels.

However, in a Europe where economies are becoming increasingly interlocked, many banking supervisory rules are drawn up at the international level.

However, some people do interact with virtual economies for " real " economic benefit.

However in simple economies, where agriculture is the major source of wealth creation, they can be easier to understand.

However, in a more realistic sense cities are more complex than that ; which is the reason for the combination of localization and urbanization economies to form large cities.

However, in freezing conditions, it may be that for very small birds, including the tiny Goldcrest, the energy economies of induced hypothermia may be insufficient to counterbalance the negative effects of hypothermia including the energy required to raise body temperature back to normal at dawn.

However, given that bankruptcies and real estate did much worse in Alberta than in other parts of Canada and the United States, petroleum exporting economies like Norway performed well, coupled with the estimated loss of between $ 50 and $ 100 billion in provincial GDP ( at the time, this was an entire year's GDP for the province ) due to the NEP during this period, it is plausible the NEP had a negative effect in Alberta.

However, market concentration and a demise of independent bookshops have also taken place in economies such as Germany and France where a fixed book price agreement is still in place.

However, a major problem here is one of scale of processing ; ;

However, the scale of the city is far below a typical Arcology, having fewer than a thousand residents.

However, he realized that his equations permitted the introduction of a constant term which could counteract the attractive force of gravity on the cosmic scale.

However, Chiang Kai-shek's subordinates refused to take airbase construction seriously until enough capital had been delivered to permit embezzlement on a massive scale.

However, many such models have been proven to be wrong and loss of habitat does not necessarily lead to large scale loss of species.

However, there is no evidence that LDDC foresaw this scale of development and nearby Heron Quays had already been developed as low density offices when Canary Wharf was proposed, with similar development already underway on Canary Wharf itself, Limehouse Studios being the most famous occupant.

However, later work revealed that the number should actually be closer to 273. 2, and then the Celsius scale was defined with 0 ° C

" However, the enormous scale of the disaster shown in the movie makes it impossible that viewers would consider the movie to be true, without independent news reports.

However, with increasing availability, people lower down the social scale and women began to have access to books on magic ; this was often incorporated into the popular folk magic of the average people, and in particular that of the cunning folk, who were professionally involved in folk magic.

However, the Peloponnesian War was on a scale unlike conflicts before.

However as a result of intense pressure from the U. S. authorities, widespread efforts are currently being made to introduce systematic anti-money laundering initiatives on a global scale, to better curb the activities of the financiers of terrorism and those engaged in laundering the profits of drug smuggling.

However, it was undertaken on so large a scale as to make it impossible for them to complete it.

However, this is viewed as a fraction of the actual total volume trafficked and widespread corruption continues to hamper government anti-drug efforts ; Transparency International gave Kazakhstan a score of 2. 2, on a scale of 0-10 with 0 indicating a " highly corrupt " state.

However, it is the Romans who developed large scale mining methods, especially the use of large volumes of water brought to the minehead by numerous aqueducts.

However, pre-war claims of wide scale, long-lasting, and significant global environmental impacts were not borne out and found to be significantly exaggerated by the media and speculators, with climate models at the time of the fires predicting only more localized effects such as a daytime temperature drop of ~ 10 ° C within ~ 200 km of the source.

However, when the well becomes very narrow ( on the scale of a few nanometers ), quantum effects become important.

However, since about the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, newer battery technologies have been developed that can now provide significant utility scale load-leveling capabilities.

However, throughout the entire scientific world thermodynamic temperature is measured using the Kelvin scale.

However, the 1 to 5 scale can be arbitrary and need not be on a linear scale.

However, there has not been found any archaeological evidence for large scale nomadic wanderings from that time period.