However, many variations at the genetic level result in little or no observable variation.

However, there is not enough evidence to distinguish areal contacts from genetic relationship.

However, technologists such as Bill Joy have warned of the potential power which genetic engineering might place in the hands of future bio-terrorists.

However, studies of mitochondrial DNA show that the divergence between each of the three chipmunk groups is comparable to the genetic dissimilarity between Marmota and Spermophilus.

However, when in vitro fertilization and embryo cryopreservation is practised between or shortly after treatment, possible genetic risks to the growing oocytes exist, and hence it has been recommended that the babies be screened.

However, developments in genetic, genomic, and reproductive technologies at the end of the 20th century have raised many new questions and concerns about the meaning of eugenics and its ethical and moral status in the modern era, effectively creating a resurgence of interest in eugenics.

However, other methods exploit natural forms of gene transfer, such as the ability of Agrobacterium to transfer genetic material to plants, or the ability of lentiviruses to transfer genes to animal cells.

However, new technologies are making genetic modifications easier and more precise.

However, the genetic code used by all known forms of life is nearly universal with few minor variations.

However, in a situation where a single female gecko populates an entire island, the island will suffer from a lack of genetic variation within the geckos that inhabit it.

However, the actual genetic mechanisms of haplodiploid sex determination may be more complex than simple chromosome number.

However, different types of introns were identified through the examination of intron structure by DNA sequence analysis, together with genetic and biochemical analysis of RNA splicing reactions.

However, this type of UV radiation is significantly less harmful to DNA, although it may still potentially cause indirect genetic damage in skin ( see ultraviolet for more about UV-A ).

However, lack of genetic diversity, due to the very limited number of varieties initially introduced, left the crop vulnerable to disease.

However, recent genetic data showed it was closer to the American Patagioenas pigeons.

However, in 1970 when the scientists Howard Temin and David Baltimore both independently discovered the enzyme responsible for reverse transcription, named reverse transcriptase, the possibility that genetic information could be passed on in this manner was finally accepted.

However, Stephen Oppenheimer and Bryan Sykes argue that there was no population displacement, as the Anglo-Saxons had relatively little genetic impact on England.

However, multiple and varied genetic effects each of small size, interacting with the environment, makes this difficult.

However, twin and adoption studies suggest that genetic factors interact with environmental factors for stuttering to occur, and many stutterers have no family history of the disorder.

However, the most useful traits for genetic analysis are present in different forms in different individuals.

However, typological similarities such as these do not constitute evidence of genetic relationship on their own, as they may be the result of regional influence or coincidence.

However, these young calves suffer from high mortality and only those with the best genetic endowments and which have experienced mothers survive through the first few years of life.

However, a second group of researchers using similar genetic methods estimate that clothing originated around 540, 000 years ago ( Reed et al.

However, certain genetic disorders can cause true neurodegenerative dementia at this age.

However, the unperturbed Dr. Lamar, who for years has been asking Vincent during physical exams if he ever told Vincent the story of his own son, once again asks and this time goes on to tell it: His son admires Vincent and wants to be an astronaut despite a genetic defect that would rule him out.

However, the Greek tradition is referring to the existence of vapours and chewing of laurel-leaves, which seem to be confirmed by recent studies.

However, when applied to data from non-randomized experiments or observational studies, model-based analysis lacks the warrant of randomization.

However, studies of processes that

However, Paris ignored the powerful developments in quantitative studies underway in the U. S. and Britain, which reshaped economic, political and demographic research in those countries, while France fell behind.

However not all reception of Steinsaltz ' studies have been wholly positive.

However, studies have shown that blind cave fish embryos begin to grow eyes during development but then something actively stops this process and flesh grows over the partially grown eyes.

However, Dr. Andrew Newberg said that Hira stayed at the University of Pennsylvania only for brain scans on studies of meditation, not his ability to fast indefinitely.

However, the first modern studies of magnetism only started with the development of electrodynamics by Faraday, Maxwell and others in the nineteenth century, which included the classification of materials as ferromagnetic, paramagnetic and diamagnetic based on their response to magnetization.

However, in 1936, the geologists John D. Boon and Claude C. Albritton Jr. revisited Bucher's studies and concluded that the craters that he studied were probably formed by impacts.

However, it is important to note that the patients in these studies received some form of spiritual healing ( i. e. not Christian Science ' treatment ') in addition to, not instead of, conventional medical care.

However, several studies have demonstrated interference competition between coyotes and bobcats, and in all cases coyotes dominated the interaction.

However, this meta-analysis included two large studies of smokers, so it is not clear that the results apply to the general population.

However, during 2006-8, several reviews of case reports and pilot studies have failed to confirm this effect, collectively indicating no statistically significant interaction between daily consumption of 250 mL cranberry juice and warfarin in the general population.

However the increasing use of cropmarks to identify sites in lowland areas has tended to diminish the relative value of these cairns in Neolithic studies.

However, more recent studies which use the records of civil magistrates suggest that China did in fact have a very well developed system of civil law, in which provisions of the criminal code were interpreted to allow civil causes of action.

However, according to recent studies, California chaparral is extraordinarily resilient to very long periods without fire and continues to maintain productive growth throughout pre-fire conditions.

However, molecular pharmacology studies have shown that alcohol has only a few primary targets.

Because reported AIDS cases in Africa and other parts of the developing world include a larger proportion of people who do not belong to Duesberg's preferred risk groups of drug addicts and male homosexuals, Duesberg writes on his website that " There are no risk groups in Africa, like drug addicts and homosexuals ," However, many studies have addressed the issue of risk groups in Africa and concluded that the risk of AIDS is not equally distributed.

However, Fahrenheit's interest in natural science led him to begin studies and experimentation in that field.

However, studies have shown that the removal of tuition fees at third level has increased the number of students overall and those from lower socio-economic backgrounds.

However, the individual studies still require careful critical appraisal.

However, these studies failed to account for the impact of ethnic and cultural diversity and third-world immigration in its impact on purported social well-being and income distribution.

However, new studies focus on adenoviruses that can be permitted to reproduce, and destroy cancerous cells in the process, since the adenoviruses ' ability to infect normal cells is substantially impaired, potentially resulting in a far more effective treatment.

However evidence for archaic admixture in modern humans had been suggested by some studies.