However, for quasi-equilibrium systems ( e. g. spins out of equilibrium with the electromagnetic field ) this argument does not apply, and negative effective temperatures are attainable.

However, this does not apply to Emsam, the transdermal patch form of selegiline, which due to its bypassing of the stomach has a lesser propensity to induce such events.

However, this argument does not necessarily apply to bacteria.

However it is important to note that the objects of a category need not be sets nor the arrows functions ; any way of formalising a mathematical concept such that it meets the basic conditions on the behaviour of objects and arrows is a valid category, and all the results of category theory will apply to it.

However, this meta-analysis included two large studies of smokers, so it is not clear that the results apply to the general population.

However Newton's laws of motion apply only in the stationary frame and describe dynamics in terms of the absolute acceleration d < sup > 2 </ sup > r / dt < sup > 2 </ sup >.

However, there sometimes occur so-called quasi-steady states, where the diffusion process does not change in time, where classical results may locally apply.

However, this does not apply if the civil suit is in regards to having committed a criminal act which the business has been found guilty of in court.

However, Bell's theorem does not apply to all possible philosophically realist theories.

However, felons may be able to apply for restoration of some rights after a certain period of time has passed.

However, Hong Kong registered vehicles may apply for secondary mainland Chinese registration plates, and these can be driven across the border to mainland China ; likewise, left-hand drive cars seen in Hong Kong are usually primarily registered in mainland China and carry supplementary Hong Kong registration plates.

" However, Catherine insisted that she and Arthur had never consummated their brief marriage and that the prohibition did not apply here.

All works published before 1923 are public domain in the U. S. However, there is some disagreement over who exactly owns or owned the copyrights and whether the copyrights apply to the majority of Lovecraft's works published post-1923.

However, as in any other cryptographic system, care must be used to correctly apply even information-theoretically secure methods ; the Venona project was able to crack the one-time pads of the Soviet Union due to their improper reuse of key material.

However, this is not the case with a special-purpose factorization algorithm, since it may not apply to the smaller factors that occur during decomposition, or may execute very slowly on these values.

However, this general rule does not fully apply to non-Jewish communities inside Israel.

However, if a study is not approved, these requirements do not apply at all.

However, the previous formula can still apply by generalizing the definition of x ( F ):

However, in 1785, Laplace took the critical step forward when, rather than just looking for a solution in the form of an integral, he started to apply the transforms in the sense that was later to become popular.

However, even to those who enter the prayer hall of a mosque without the intention of praying, there are still rules that apply.

However, facing a similar threat in Post-invasion Iraq to that which prompted the Russians to convert tanks to APCs, the occupying armies have found it necessary to apply extra armor to existing APCs and IFVs, which adds to the overall size and weight.

However, as a restatement of customary international law, the Montevideo Convention merely codified existing legal norms and its principles and therefore does not apply merely to the signatories, but to all subjects of international law as a whole.

" However, in legal contexts especially, ' probable ' could also apply to propositions for which there was good evidence.

However, any such vulnerabilities apply not just to PGP, but to all encryption software.

However, because they are not anti-symmetric, some of the ordinary intuition that a student may have with regards to the symbol ≤ may not apply.

However, in more recent years, since the end of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, with the increasing influence of Monetarist schools of thought in the 1980s, and particularly in the face of large sustained trade imbalances, these concerns — and particularly concerns about the destabilising effects of large trade surpluses — have largely disappeared from mainstream economics discourse and Keynes ' insights have slipped from view.

However, control theory also saw an increasing use in fields such as economics.

However, some such as Jayati Ghosh, professor of economics at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, have pointed out that prices have increased irrespective of supply and demand issues: Ghosh points to world wheat prices, which doubled in the period from June to December 2010, despite there being no fall in global supply.

However, Karl Marx never used the phrase " labor theory of value " to describe his theory of value, but instead made reference to a law of value, which is not to be confused with the classical economics concept of labor theory of price.

However, there are twin cities which have been able to resist this final union and have maintained individual identity against the tides of history, economics and demographics.

However, the past twenty years have witnessed the widespread closure of these separate programmes in the UK and the integration of the discipline into either history or economics departments.

However, articles involving economics do not presume any formal training on the part of the reader and aim to be accessible to the educated layman.

However, there remain both countries and individual jurisdictions in which economics will not support ALS service, and the efforts of such individuals may represent the only EMS available.

However, in the US government, a person can be hired as an economist provided that they have a degree that included or was supplemented by 21 semester hours in economics and three hours in statistics, accounting, or calculus.

However, if observed over a longer period of time, it is seen that the population of a predator will correlationally rise and fall with the population of its prey in a cycle similar to the boom and bust cycle of economics.

However, the term " rationality " tends to be used differently in different disciplines, including specialized discussions of economics, sociology, psychology, and political science.

However, it has been widespread in human experience, and central to economics, only since the late 19th century.

However, recently, researchers in experimental economics and experimental finance have challenged this assumption empirically.

However, unlike the economics prize it does not have any organizational ties to the awarding institutions of the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Foundation.

However, in advanced-level theoretical economics, scholars have found ways of addressing these problems, modifying models enough to more realistically depict real-life decision-making.

However, in accepting the ideas of self-regulating markets, neoliberals drastically restrict the role of the government to managing those forms of market failure that the neoliberal economics allowed: property rights and information asymmetry.

However, the significant connection to the energy industry made the economics of the town largely vulnerable to international market fluctuations during the 1970s energy crisis and resulted in some economic diversification.

However, none of these groups proved persuasive enough for Hobson ; rather it was his collaboration with a friend, the famous businessman and mountain climber Albert F. Mummery, that would produce Hobson's contribution to economics: the theory of underconsumption.

However, they are less well studied in political science and economics.

However, some Muslims both liberal and traditional are skeptical of the approach, viewing the construction of fields such as Islamic science and Islamic economics largely as propaganda created to further the Islamist view that Islam is an all-encompassing social system.

However what most separates supply-side economics as a modern phenomenon is its argument in favor of a low tax rate for primarily collective and notably working-class reasons, rather than traditional ideological ones.

However, during the development of neo-classical economics economists sought to reshape the discipline as a natural science, deducing economic behavior from assumptions about the nature of economic agents.

However, his interests were wide-ranging, and during the decades he spent as minister of NGUC, he also wrote on finance, economics, probability, and life insurance, being inducted into the Royal Society in recognition of his work.

However, such choices may be guided more by ideology than by economics.