As a result, he was purged twice during the Cultural Revolution, but regained prominence in 1978 by outmaneuvering Mao's chosen successor, Hua Guofeng.

China's new leaders Hua Guofeng and Deng Xiaoping both visited North Korea in 1978, although they failed to reach a common understanding on relations with the Soviet Union ( Beijing was not on friendly terms with Moscow during the 1970s, while Pyongyang continued its usual balancing act ).

The group held key figures, ministers who were of the royal blood as hostages while the king, Rama VII, was at the summer palace in Hua Hin.

When surgery was performed by the physician Hua Tuo ( d. 208 CE ), he used anesthesia to numb his patients ' pain and prescribed a rubbing ointment that allegedly sped the process of healing surgical wounds.

It became increasingly clear to Hua that, without Deng Xiaoping, it was difficult to continue daily affairs of state.

In August, the Party's Eleventh Congress was held in Beijing, officially naming ( in ranking order ) Hua Guofeng, Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping, Li Xiannian, and Wang Dongxing as new members of the Politburo Standing Committee.

In September, Hua Guofeng resigned, and Zhao Ziyang, another Deng ally, was named Premier.

In China, Hua Tuo was a famous Chinese physician during the Eastern Han and Three Kingdoms era who performed surgery with the aid of anesthesia.

It does appear that their influence was in decline before Mao's death: when Zhou Enlai died in January 1976, he was succeeded not by one of the radicals but by the unknown Hua Guofeng.

In April 1976, Hua was officially appointed Premier of the State Council.

Upon Mao's death Hua was named Communist Party chairman as well.

Although succeeded by Hua Guofeng, it was Deng Xiaoping, Zhou's ally, who was able to outmaneuver the Gang of Four politically and eventually take Mao's place as Paramount leader by 1977.

This was included in the Shandi Pingdi Hua ( 山地平地化 ) policy to " make the mountains like the plains ".

Hua Mulan () is a legendary figure from ancient China who was originally described in a Chinese poem known as the Ballad of Mulan ( 木蘭辭 ).

Her character was based on the protagonist of the ancient Chinese legend, " The Ballad of Hua Mulan.

She was arrested in October 1976 by Hua Guofeng and his allies, and was subsequently accused of being counter-revolutionary.

Upon being contacted by Hua Guofeng, Jiang Qing returned from her trip and spent only a few moments in the hospital's Building 202, where Mao was being treated.

Eventually, Mao was revived and Hua Guofeng urged Jiang Qing not to interfere further with the doctor's work.

It was believed Hua was a compromise candidate between the free-marketeers and the party orthodox.

Jiang Qing was especially paranoid of Deng's influence on national affairs, whereas she considered Hua Guofeng a mere nuisance.

However, Hua was not very influential.

* 1976 – New Premier Hua Guofeng orders the arrest of the Gang of Four and associates and ends the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China.

Curiously, after Zhou's death, Mao selected neither a member of the Gang of Four nor Deng Xiaoping to become Premier, instead choosing the relatively unknown Hua Guofeng.

Hua had been widely considered to be lacking in political skill and ambitions, and seemingly posed no serious threat to the Gang of Four in the race for succession.

Although Hua Guofeng publicly denounced the Gang of Four in 1976, he continued to invoke Mao's name to justify Mao-era policies.

Soon Hua Guofeng called a secret meeting with Ye and Li, and then together they devised a plan for the arrest and removal from membership of the Communist Party of the other former senior officials who, together with the Gang of Four were responsible for the death and execution of tens of millions of people.

He went into hiding in the city of Canton, where he was sheltered by the local military commander, who did not care for either the Gang of Four or Mao's newly appointed successor Hua Guofeng ( see below ).

After Mao's death, Hua took on the titles of Chairman of the Communist Party of China and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, to the surprise and dismay of Jiang Qing and the rest of the Gang of Four.

In 6 October 1976, Hua brought the Cultural Revolution to an end and ousted the Gang of Four from political power by staging their arrests in Beijing.

On 6 October, less than a month after Mao's death, anti-Gang of Four leaders with Hua at its core executed the arrest of Jiang Qing and her followers, as word came out that the Gang of Four was to soon wage a military coup against the Hua leadership of the CPC.

During his relatively short leadership, Hua was credited for quickly ousting the Gang of Four from political power and thus became the leader whose emergence marked the end of the Cultural Revolution.

Despite all of this, Hua Guofeng himself criticized certain aspects of the Cultural Revolution, including the education reform, the revolutionary committees ' activity and other excesses, blaming the Gang of Four.

Tensions over this " workerist " tendency came to a head within the RCP in 1977 around whether China remained a communist country after the death of Mao Zedong and subsequent leadership struggles in the People's Republic of China between the Gang of Four and Hua Guofeng.

His most popular works include Kan Hua Ji ( 1976 ), Lin Ju Bi Hua ( 1979 ) and Xiang Gang Zhi Qiuo ( 1980 ).

This was a policy of then Communist Party of China chairman Hua Guofeng, Mao's successor, who had earlier ended the Cultural Revolution and arrested the Gang of Four.

The Gang of Four was dismantled, but Hua Guofeng continued to persist on Mao-era policies.

Hua was a bit surprised, but he agreed, and in October the Gang were arrested.

" The arrest of the Gang of Four, Hua said, did not justify that Deng's " revisionist " ideas should resurface.

They erected a large number of wall posters ( the so-called " Democracy Wall ") criticizing the Cultural Revolution, Mao Zedong, the Gang of Four, and Hua Guofeng.

In the mid-twentieth century, Ben Cao Gang Mu was replaced by modern Materia Medica, the most comprehensive source being Zhong Hua Ben Cao ( Encyclopedia of Chinese Materia Medica ), published in 1999.

Wang graduated from the Okazaki Arts School in Taipei, and completed a drama course at Hua Gang Arts School ( 臺北市私立華岡藝術學校 ).

After Mao died, the Gang of Four also directed the campaign against Hua Guofeng, who was named Mao's successor.