Walter of Pontoise was canonized by Hugh de Boves, the Archbishop of Rouen in 1153 ; Walter was the last saint in Western Europe to have been canonized by an authority other than the pope.

de: Hugh Hefner

John infamously offended the local Irish rulers by making fun of their unfashionable long beards, failed to make allies amongst the Anglo-Norman settlers, began to lose ground militarily against the Irish and finally returned to England later in the year, blaming the viceroy, Hugh de Lacy, for the fiasco.

Richard left political authority in England – the post of justiciar – jointly in the hands of Bishop Hugh de Puiset and William Mandeville, and made William Longchamp, the Bishop of Ely, his chancellor.

Unfortunately, Isabella was already engaged to Hugh de Lusignan, an important member of a key Poitou noble family and brother of Raoul de Lusignan, the Count of Eu, who possessed lands along the sensitive eastern Normandy border.

In the 1170s Hugh de Moreville and his followers took refuge there after assassinating Thomas Becket.

The brothers had supporters in England, ready to rise up ; led by Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester, the rebellion in England from Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk, Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester, and William I of Scotland.

The alliance was initially successful, and by July 1173 they were besieging Aumale, Neuf-Marché, and Verneuil and Hugh de Kevelioc had captured Dol in Brittany.

) He appointed as regents Hugh de Puiset, Bishop of Durham, and William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex — who soon died and was replaced by Richard's chancellor William Longchamp.

He captured a number of castles, including Carmarthen, Colwyn, Radnor and Painscastle, and defeated an army led by Roger de Mortimer and Hugh de Say near Radnor, with forty knights among the dead.

Richard ’ s chief biographer, Jean de Toulouse, writes that when Richard died in 1173 he was still young and so it therefore must be assumed that he entered the Order well into its second period of development, near the end of Hugh ’ s life.

This process of evolving conquest that had been underway since the Norman invasion of Ireland, particularly as advanced by the Cambro-Norman magnates Hugh de Lacy and John de Courcy.

* Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester ( d. 1181 )

* September 11 – Hugh de Cressingham, English Treasurer

* Knights Templar Founded by Hugh de Payns.

Whatever Henry said, it was interpreted as a royal command, and four knights, Reginald fitzUrse, Hugh de Morville, William de Tracy, and Richard le Breton, set out to confront the Archbishop of Canterbury.

Becket's assassins fled north to Knaresborough Castle, which was held by Hugh de Morville, where they remained for about a year.

The king fled London, and his companion since Piers Gaveston's death, Hugh Despenser, was publicly tried and executed.

* 27 October – Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester ( executed ; b. 1262 )

* 26 November – Hugh the younger Despenser, English knight ( executed ; b. 1286 )

** Hugh le Despenser I, English nobleman

* May – Hugh the younger Despenser, favourite of King Edward II of England, is married to heiress Eleanor de Clare.

* Hugh Despenser the Younger ( d. 1326 )

* Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester ( d. 1326 )

His inability to deny even the most grandiose favours to his male favourites ( first a Gascon knight named Piers Gaveston, later a young English lord named Hugh Despenser ) led to constant political unrest and his eventual deposition.

Following Gaveston's death, the king increased favour to his nephew-by-marriage ( who was also Gaveston's brother-in-law ), Hugh Despenser the Younger.

Execution of Hugh Despenser the Younger

Hugh Despenser the Younger was brutally executed and a huge crowd gathered in anticipation at seeing him die – a public spectacle for public entertainment.

Edward was reluctant to leave the country, as discontent was once again brewing domestically, particularly over his relationship with the favourite Hugh Despenser the Younger.

After the death of Gaveston at the hands of the barons in 1312, however, Edward later turned to a new favourite, Hugh Despenser the younger, and attempted to take revenge on the barons, resulting in the Despenser War and a period of internal repression across England.

Isabella could not tolerate Hugh Despenser and by 1325 her marriage to Edward was at a breaking point.

Edward was handsome, but highly unconventional, possibly forming close romantic attachments to first Piers Gaveston and then Hugh Despenser the younger.

Edward began to take revenge on his enemies, using an ever more brutal alliance with the Despenser family, in particular his new lover, Hugh Despenser the younger.

Edward was still relying upon his French relatives – Isabella's uncle, Louis d ' Évreux, for example had been sent from Paris to assist him – but Hugh Despenser the elder now formed part of the inner circle, marking the beginning of the Despensers ' increased prominence at Edward's court.

Meanwhile, Hugh de Despenser the younger became an increasing favourite of Isabella's husband, and was widely believed to have begun a sexual relationship with him around this time.

Hugh Despenser the younger was now firmly ensconced as Edward's new favourite and lover, and together over the next four years Edward and the Despensers imposed a harsh rule over England, a " sweeping revenge " characterised by land confiscation, large scale imprisonment, executions and the punishment of extended family members, including women and the elderly.

Indeed, various authors have suggested that there is evidence that Hugh Despenser the younger may have attempted to assault Isabella herself in some fashion.

Isabella effectively separated from Edward from here onwards, leaving him to live with Hugh Despenser.

By 1325, Isabella's marriage to Edward II was effectively over, and she was facing increasing pressure from Hugh Despenser the younger, Edward's new royal favourite.

Edward was still unwilling to travel to France to give homage ; the situation in England was febrile ; there had been an assassination plot against Edward and Hugh Despenser in 1324, there had been allegations that the famous magician John of Nottingham had been hired to kill the pair using necromancy in 1325, and criminal gangs were occupying much of the country.

Michael Foot's elder brothers were Sir Dingle Foot MP ( 1905 – 1978 ), a Liberal and subsequently Labour MP ; Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon ( 1907 – 1990 ), a Governor of Cyprus, a representative of the United Kingdom at the United Nations from 1964 to 1970, and father to campaigning journalist Paul Foot ( 1937 – 2004 ) and charity worker Oliver Foot ( 1946 – 2008 ); and Liberal politician John Foot, Baron Foot ( 1909 – 1999 ).

His father, Hugh the elder, had supported Edward and Gaveston a few years previously.

Hugh Despenser the elder had been captured at Bristol, and despite some attempts by Isabella to protect him, was promptly executed by his Lancastrian enemies – his body was hacked to pieces and fed to the local dogs.

* Hugh of Wells – native of Wells, Bishop, elder brother of Jocelin of Wells.

Charles's sister Isabella was married to King Edward II of England and was sent to France in 1325, with the official mission of negotiating peace with her brother ; unofficially, some chroniclers suggested that she was also evading Hugh Despenser the elder and Hugh the younger, her political enemies in England.

* Hugh the elder Despenser ( 1st Earl of Winchester ) ( 1262 – 1326 )

He was the son of Hugh Bigod ( 1211-1266 ), Justiciar, and succeeded his father's elder brother Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk ( 1209-1270 ) as 5th Earl of Norfolk in 1270.

Indeed, Steven Runciman is certain that his nickname Magnus ( greater or elder ), applied to him by William of Tyre, is a copyist's error, and should be Minus ( younger ), referring to Hugh as younger brother of the King of France.

But Dr. George F. Warner has suggested that de Bourgogne may be a certain Johan de Bourgoyne, who was pardoned by parliament on August 20, 1321 for having taken part in the attack on the Despensers ( Hugh the younger and Hugh the elder ), but whose pardon was revoked in May 1322, the year in which " Mandeville " professes to have left England.

Hugh Despenser the Younger and his father Hugh Despenser the elder were gradually taking over control of the government, and using their power to enrich themselves.

In August 1321, a demand was made to the king that Hugh Despenser and his father, Hugh Despenser the elder, be sent into exile.

In the aftermath of the rebellion, the Despensers enriched themselves on the forfeited estates of the rebels, and Hugh Despenser the elder was created Earl of Winchester in May 1322.

Roger was succeeded in 1094 by his younger son Hugh, his elder son Robert of Bellême succeeding to his lands in Normandy.

The first creation was in 1295, when Hugh the elder Despenser was summoned to the Model Parliament.

Hugh the younger Despenser, son of Hugh the elder, was also summoned to Parliament in 1314, during his father's lifetime, the second creation of the title.

The fifth creation of the title was made in 1387 for Philip le Despencer, great-grandson of Hugh the elder Despencer.

He was the fourth son of Isabella of Angoulême, widow of king John of England, and her second husband, Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, and was thus a half-brother to Henry III of England, and uncle to Edward I. William was born at Valence, near Lusignan, sometime in the mid-to-late 1220s ( his elder sister, Alice was born 1224, and two elder brothers followed her ).