The word has been given an esoteric or secret meaning by modern followers of Max Freedom Long and Huna to emphasise a priestly or shamanic standing, however, those interested in true Hawaiian traditional mysticism must understand that " Huna " is not Hawaiian and should be wary of anyone using the term.

It is not to be mistaken, however, for the same mana term used in the Huna religion, which is primarily practiced by non-Hawaiians and is often considered by ethnic Hawaiians to be an exploitation of Hawaiian ancestral beliefs.

Native Hawaiian scholar Charles Kenn, a Living Treasure of Hawai ' i recognized in the Hawaiian community as a kahuna and expert in Hawaiian history and traditions, was friendly with Max Freedom Long but said, “ While this Huna study is an interesting study, … it is not, and never was Hawaiian .”

She concluded, based on her interviews with Hawaiian elders, " Huna is not Hawaiian.

3: 24 ; the first exilarch explicitly mentioned as such in Talmudic literature ( where he is named as Huna ); contemporary of Judah I ( Judah HaNasi )

The latter's son Huna is then mentioned as successor, being the fourth exilarch of that name ; he died in 441, according to a trustworthy source, the " Seder Tannaim wa-Amoraim.

In the Talmud, however, Huna ben Nathan is mentioned as Ashi's contemporary, and according to Sherira it was he who was Mar Kahana's successor, a statement which is also confirmed by the Talmud 19a.

The term " dayyane di baba " (" judges of the gate "), which was applied in the post-Talmudic time to the members of the court of the exilarch, is derived from the phrase just quoted Harkavy, l. c .. Two details of Nahman ben Jacob's life cast light on his position at the court of the exilarch: he received the two scholars Rav Chisda and Rabba b. Huna, who had come to pay their respects to the exilarch ( Sukkah 10b ); and when the exilarch was building a new house he asked Nahman to take charge of the placing of the mezuzah according to the Law 33a.

The modification of ritual requirements granted to the exilarchs and their households in certain concrete cases is characteristic of their relation to the religious law 76b, Levi ben Sisi ; Hullin 59a, Rab ; Avodah Zarah 72b, Rabba ben Huna ; Eruvin 11b, Nahman versus Sheshet ; Eruvin 39b, similarly ; Mo ' ed Katan 12a, Hanan ; Pesahim 40b, Pappai.

Regarding the functions of the exilarch as the chief tax-collector for the Jewish population, there is the curious statement, preserved only in the Jerusalem Talmud 20b, bottom, that once, in the time of Huna, the head of the school of Sura, the exilarch was commanded to furnish as much grain as would fill a room of 40 square ells.

The location is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Honetone, meaning a farm belonging to Huna.

The element Hon-seems to come from an Anglo-Saxon given name Huna or the Norse Hunni ( which is also found close to Honfleur in Honnaville, homonym of the Honneville at Saint-Georges-du-Mesnil.

The Khatana clan of Gujjars in India and Pakistan is claimed by some to have migrated from Khotan by the time of the invasions of the Huna people, at the fifth and sixth century CE.

The title was used by the states of the Hunnic circle in China, Europe, and Central Asia, among them the Hungarian Gyula, the Hephthalite Huns ' Gula ( in Byzantine sources also Golla ), it is a component in the Indian Huna Mihirakula ’ s name, Constantine Porphyrogenitus noted it as Gila and Yula among the Kangar Pachinaks in his De Administrando Imperio ( ca.

Similarly, popular authors and non-indigenous self-styled teachers of Huna claim to be teaching authentic Native Hawaiian cultural practices, but often their notion of " Huna " is a synthesis of Freudian psychology, New Thought and New Age metaphysical beliefs.

Toromanu is clearly the Huna king of that name, but his father Mihirakula is given a date 700 years earlier.

It is necessary therefore to differentiate between " Kermichiones / Ermechiones ", " Red Huns " or " Hara Huna ", identified with the Kidarite dynasty, and " Xionites " " White Huns " or " Sveta Huna ", identified with the Hephthalite dynasty.

He called the religious system he developed from this revelation ' Huna ' ( the Hawaiian word for secret ), and wrote his first book in 1936 to chronicle his discoveries.

Huna changes the Hawaiian concept of mana, ( privileged as a divine power in traditional Hawaiian belief ), and views it as a vitalizing life force, which can, with knowledge of the three selves, be used to heal body and mind and achieve life goals.

Hawaiian author Pali Jae Lee, a research librarian at the Bishop Museum, conducted extensive research on Max Freedom Long and Huna.

Professor Lisa Kahaleole Hall writes that Huna " bears absolutely no resemblance to any Hawaiian worldview or spiritual practice " and calls it part of the " New Age spiritual industry.

* The Big Lebowski and the Big Kahuna: Dudeism and Hawaiian Mysticism-Article breaking down the seven principles of Huna and comparing them with the modern spiritual movement of Dudeism.

The classical Gupta Empire of Northern India, largely overrun by the Huna, ended in the mid-6th century.

Huna Research Inc was founded by Long in 1945.

Huna International was formed as a religious order in 1973 by King.

Rav Huna adds one more sale by concluding that after the Medanites sold him to the Egyptians, a fifth sale occurred when the Egyptians sold him to Potiphar.

The empire gradually declined because of many factors such as substantial loss of territory and imperial authority caused by their own erstwhile feudatories and the invasion by the Huna peoples from Central Asia.

In the 480's the Hephthalites broke through the Gupta defenses in the northwest, and much of the empire in northwest was overrun by the Huna by 500.

Eventually weakened both by contention with the northwestern invaders and internal strife they broke up and gave rise to several nations around Deccan and central India regions even as the Gupta Empire arose in the Indo-Gangetic Plain and ushered in a " Golden Age " and rebirth of empire as decentralized local administrative model and the spread of Indian culture until collapse under the Huna invasions.

In the northwest of the Indian subcontinent, the Hephtalites were not distinguished from their immediate Chionite predecessors and are known by the same name as Huna ( Sanskrit: Sveta-Hūna, White Huns ).

The Huna had already established themselves in Afghanistan and the modern North-West Frontier Province of present day Pakistan by the first half of the fifth century, and the Gupta emperor Skandagupta had repelled a Hūna invasion in 455 before the Hephthalite clan came along.

Uar and Hunnoi are the names associated with the two biggest tribes of Procopius's White Huns, commonly identified with the Sanskrit Sveta Huna but called Varkhon or Varkunites ( OuarKhonitai ) by Menander Protector.

Huna was succeeded by his brother Mar Zutra, whose chief adviser was Ahai of Diphti, the same who was defeated in 455 by Ashi's son Tabyomi ( Mar ) at the election for director of the school of Sura.

Then followed two exilarchs by the same name: another son of Mar Zutra, Huna V, and a grandson of Mar Zutra, Huna VI, the son of Kahana.

Huna, the head of the school of Sura, recognized Nahman ben Jacob's superior knowledge of the Law by saying that Nahman was very close to the " gate of the exilarch " (" baba di resh galuta "), where many cases were decided Batra 65b.

In the mid-5th century BC, the city was attacked by a group of Huna Hephthalite nomads led by Toramana.

Long linked Huna to New Thought movements of the time.

Billon ( alloy ) | Billon drachm of the Huna people | Huna King Napki Malka ( Afghanistan / Gandhara, c. 475 – 576 ). The Hephthalite were another Central Asian nomadic tribe to invade.

The Huna Kingdom of Sialkot ( of Mihir Kula 515 – 540 AD ), destroyed by Yashodharman, was subsequently seized by a new dynasty of kshatriyas called Tak.

In analyzing, there are five different Hebrew names used to describe five different groups of people involved in the transaction of selling Joseph, according to Rabbi Judah and Rav Huna.

In addition to the Huna invasion, the factors, which contribute to the decline of the empire include competition from the Vakatakas and the rise of Yashodharman in Malwa.

The collapse of the Gupta Empire in the face of the Huna onslaught was due not directly to the inherent defects of the Gupta army, which after all had initially defeated these people under Skandagupta.

There are frequent references to questions, partly halakic and exegetical in nature, which the exilarch laid before his scholars ( to Huna, Gittin 7a ; Yebamoth 61a ; Sanhedrin 44a ; to Rabba ben Huna, Shabbat 115b ; to Hamnuna, Shabbat 119a ).

One passage relates merely that Huna ben Nathan appeared before Yazdegerd I, who with his own hands girded him with the belt which was the sign of the exilarch's office.