After Gerald's death, Nest's sons married her to Stephen, her husband's constable of Cardigan, by whom she had another son, possibly two ; the eldest was Robert Fitz-Stephen ( d. 1182 ), one of the Norman conquerors of Ireland ; the second son, if such there were, may have been named Hywel.

Within months of his succession Hywel was forced to flee to Ireland, returning later that year with a Hiberno-Norse army and landing on Môn, where he may have had Maelgwn's support.

By Stephen, she had another son, possibly two ; the eldest was Robert, and the younger may have been Hywel.

By normal custom Idwal's crown should have passed to his sons, Ieuaf and Iago ab Idwal, but Hywel Dda intervened and sent Iago and Ieuaf into exile in Ireland and established himself as ruler over Gwynedd until his death in 950 when the House of Aberffraw was restored.

Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd duly succeeded his father in 1170 and the realm was plunged immediately into a civil war that appears to have been a conflict between two rival factions ; one which was pro-Irish and seeking to ensure the succession of Hywel and protect the legacy of Owain Gwynedd and his father, and a second which seems to be an anti-Irish coalition and headed by Iorwerth Drwyndwn and Owain's widow, Cristin ferch Goronwy ab Owain.

The name of Gorseynon was then created, later changed to Gorseinon .” 15, 16 Although different dates, Hywel Einon is remarkedly close to Einon ap Owain ap Hywel, perhaps both have the same origin?

Hywel probably already had control over the neighboring kingdom of Dyfed by that time ; there are no known kings of Dyfed following the death of Llywarch ap Hyfaidd in 904, and Hywel is known to have been married to Llywarch's daughter, Elen.

On the other hand, the Iorwerth versions, produced in Gwynedd, have exactly the same attribution of the law to Hywel and the council at Whitland as do the southern versions.

The Archbishop of Canterbury, John Peckham when involved in negotiations with Llywelyn on behalf of King Edward in 1282 sent Llywelyn a letter in which he denounced Welsh law, stating that King Hywel must have been inspired by the devil.

Siôn Eos was hanged, and Dafydd ab Edmwnd laments that he could not have been tried under the more humane Law of Hywel rather than " the law of London ".

Dafydd Gam's father, Llywelyn ap Hywel, purchased the estate of Penywaun near Brecon and Dafydd is thought to have been born there.

The Firm is re-introduced in 2003, and is represented by Andy Hunter ( Michael Higgs ), Dennis Rickman ( Nigel Harman ), and the evil, sociopathic boss, Jack Dalton ( Hywel Bennett ), who is said to have usurped control of The Firm from Vinnicombe and ordered Den's death.

' Dr Hywel Davies, Head of Admissions and Recruitment at the University of Wales Aberystwyth said ‘ We welcome students who have achieved the Welsh Baccalaureate.

The dowager princess plotted to have her eldest son Dafydd usurp the Throne of Gwynedd from Hywel, and with Gwynedd divided between Dafydd and her other sons Rhodri and Cynan.

Hywel was an accomplished poet and eight of his poems have been preserved.

Hywel is known to have sired the following sons ;

Idwal Foel seems to have judged this an opportunity to counter Hywel Dda, knowing that

John Rhys suggested that Gwriad might well have taken refuge on the Isle of Man during the bloody dynastic struggle between Cynan and Hywel prior to Merfyn's accession to the throne, and that the cross perhaps does refer to the refugee Gwriad, father of Merfyn.

Rhys's son, Hywel, who had been held as a hostage for many years, was returned to him.

The festival's compère Mr Hywel Roberts, whose brother had been killed in the war, introduced the choir with the words: " Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome our friends from West Germany.

Since 1950 Porthmadog has been part of Caernarfon parliamentary constituency, and has been represented by Hywel Williams of Plaid Cymru since 2001.

Since 1950 Criccieth has been part of Caernarfon parliamentary constituency, and has been represented by Hywel Williams of Plaid Cymru since 2001.

One of the several copyists responsible for the manuscript has been identified as Hywel Fychan fab Hywel Goch of Buellt.

The codification of Welsh law has been traditionally ascribed to Hywel Dda, king of most of Wales between 942 and his death in 950.

The school has been divided into 4 houses: ' Glyndwr ', ' Dewi ', ' Llewelyn ', and ' Hywel '.

Merfyn came to the throne in the aftermath of a bloody dynastic struggle between brothers Cynan ( reigned 798 – 816 ) and Hywel ( reigned 816 – 825 ), at a time when the kingdom had been under pressure from Mercia.

In Wales, the Cyfraith Hywel was codified by Hywel Dda c. 942 – 950.

A meeting at Eamont Bridge on 927 was sealed by an agreement that Constantine, Owen of Strathclyde, Hywel Dda, and Ealdred would " renounce all idolatry ": that is, they would not ally with the Viking kings.

He was accompanied by many leaders, including the Welsh kings Hywel Dda, Idwal Foel, and Morgan ab Owain.

The following year, Constantine was again in England at Æthelstan's court, this time at Cirencester where he appears as a witness, appearing as the first of several subject kings, followed by Owen of Strathclyde and Hywel Dda, who subscribed to the diploma.

He built a castle in the commote of Mabudryd, but Cadell, aided by Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd who held Ceredigion for Gwynedd, destroyed it in 1146.

Maredudd and Rhys were able to drive Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd from Ceredigion by 1153.

The earls were assisted by Cadwaladr, brother of Owain Gwynedd, and Owain's sons, Hywel and Cynan.

Davies suggests that the texts of Welsh law, traditionally codified by Hywel Dda at Whitland, were first assembled in book form under the aegis of Rhys.

In 1194 Rhys was defeated in battle by Maelgwn and Hywel, who imprisoned him in Nevern castle, though Hywel later released his father without Maelgwn's consent.

Rhodri's grandson, Hywel Dda ( Hywel the Good ), formed the kingdom of Deheubarth by joining smaller kingdoms in the southwest and had extended his rule to most of Wales by 942.

In 1143 Cadwaladr was implicated in the murder of Anarawd ap Gruffydd of Deheubarth, and Owain responded by sending his son Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd to strip him of his lands in the north of Ceredigion.

Owain then designated Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd as his successor, but after his death Hywel was first driven to seek refuge in Ireland by Cristina's sons, Dafydd and Rhodri, then killed at the battle of Pentraeth when he returned with an Irish army.

He was accompanied by many leaders, including the Welsh kings Hywel Dda, Idwal Foel, and Morgan ab Owain.

The following year, Constantine was again in England at Æthelstan's court, this time at Cirencester where he appears as a witness, appearing as the first of several subject kings, followed by Owain of Strathclyde and Hywel Dda, who subscribed to the diploma.

He is played in the series by Hywel Bennett.

The first-known poem in English by a Welshman was Hymn to the Virgin written c. 1470 by Ieuan ap Hywel Swrdwal.

While historically Welsh writing in English might be said to begin with the fifteenth-century bard Ieuan ap Hywel Swrdwal, well into the nineteenth century English was spoken by few in Wales, and prior to the early twentieth century there are only three major Welsh-born writers who wrote in the English language: George Herbert ( 1593 – 1633 ) from Montgomeryshire, Henry Vaughan from Brecknockshire ( 1622 – 1695 ), and John Dyer from Carmarthenshire ( 1699 – 1757 ).