If pathogens successfully evade the innate response, vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system, which is activated by the innate response.

A pattern is activated by certain expectations: If a person sees a big bird, he or she will classify it rather as a sea eagle than a golden eagle, assuming that his or her " sea-scheme " is currently activated and his " land-scheme " is not.

If the beam enters the sample perpendicular to the surface, then the activated region is uniform about the axis of the beam and a certain number of electrons " escape " from within the sample.

If the target is not an HTML file, depending on the file type and on the browser and its plugins, another program may be activated to open the file.

:: If a container implements this interface, it allows embedded objects to be activated in place, i. e. without opening in a separate window.

If the fire-alarm system is activated apart from state-required fire drills Silver Creek Fire and EMS, Sunset Bay Fire, Battalion 1 ( County Fire Coordinator ), County Fire 1 ( Director of County Emergency Services ) are dispatched as 1st Alarm.

If the membrane potential is raised above a certain level, the channel shows increased probability of transitioning to the activated ( open ) state.

If two matching Oxyd stones are activated they remain open, while if non-matching Oxyd stones are activated the first one closes.

If the mixed sample is not passed through the converter, the ozone reaction produces activated NO < sub > 2 </ sub > only in proportion to the NO in the sample.

If fully activated, this control will ultimately produce a continuous feedback loop of pure noise.

If a ball is shot into the mouse hole while the red eyes are displayed, that player completes the level automatically and the secret level is activated ( see next hole below ).

If the saw detects a change in this current ( as would occur if a hand or other body part came into contact with the blade ) an automatic braking system is activated, forcing an aluminum brake block into the blade.

If the hand is removed for more than a short period of time, the track brakes are activated.

If, for example a thief breaks into your car and attempts to steal it, the tracking system can be triggered by the immobiliser unit or motion sensor being activated.

If the zebra sees a lion closing in for the kill, the stress response is activated.

) If a harmonium has two sets of reeds, it is possible that the second set of reeds ( either tuned unison or an octave lower ) can be activated by a stop, which means each key pressed plays two reeds.

If it did not find an activated X-factor in the target, the viroid would die off, leaving the person completely unaffected.

If an AED is available it should be activated immediately and its directives followed and ( if indicated ), call for clearance before defibrillation / shock should be performed.

If the EB switch is not pressed ( reset ) within 5 seconds of being activated, it will trigger an emergency brake application so as to prevent accidents due to driver error or when the driver is incapacitated.

If this pathway can be activated in tumor cells using Agkistrodon venom, then theoretically, the proteins in the venom could be used to target and kill cancerous cells.

If the EAS is not activated, then someone is usually responsible for getting the information to the station and on air as soon as possible.

If the EAS is not activated, then it is usually not a life and death emergency, but may be a breaking news story ( such as a major fire or traffic accident that listeners need to be aware of ).

If the cell does not lose its signal through the ITAM pathway, it will continue down-regulating CD8 and become a CD4 < sup >+</ sup >, single positive cell.

If they receive these signals, they proliferate and express both CD4 and CD8, becoming double-positive cells.

* If it is required to use a single number X as an estimate for the value of numbers, then the arithmetic mean does this best, in the sense of minimizing the sum of squares ( x < sub > i </ sub > − X )< sup > 2 </ sup > of the residuals.

If F ≥ F < sub > Critical </ sub > ( Numerator DF, Denominator DF, α )

If the method is applied to an infinite sequence ( X < sub > i </ sub >: i ∈ ω ) of nonempty sets, a function is obtained at each finite stage, but there is no stage at which a choice function for the entire family is constructed, and no " limiting " choice function can be constructed, in general, in ZF without the axiom of choice.

If K is a number field, its ring of integers is the subring of algebraic integers in K, and is frequently denoted as O < sub > K </ sub >.

If ΔS and / or T are small, the condition ΔG < 0 may imply that ΔH < 0, which would indicate an exothermic reaction.

If M is a Turing Machine which, on input w, outputs string x, then the concatenated string < M > w is a description of x.

Theorem: If K < sub > 1 </ sub > and K < sub > 2 </ sub > are the complexity functions relative to description languages L < sub > 1 </ sub > and L < sub > 2 </ sub >, then there is a constant c – which depends only on the languages L < sub > 1 </ sub > and L < sub > 2 </ sub > chosen – such that

If the first allele is dominant to the second, then the fraction of the population that will show the dominant phenotype is p < sup > 2 </ sup > + 2pq, and the fraction with the recessive phenotype is q < sup > 2 </ sup >.

If ADH production is excessive in heart failure, Na < sup >+</ sup > level in the plasma may fall ( hyponatremia ), and this is a sign of increased risk of death in heart failure patients.

If we define r < sub > i </ sub > as the displacement of particle i from the center of mass, and v < sub > i </ sub > as the velocity of particle i with respect to the center of mass, then we have

Let ( m, n ) be a pair of amicable numbers with m < n, and write m = gM and n = gN where g is the greatest common divisor of m and n. If M and N are both coprime to g and square free then the pair ( m, n ) is said to be regular, otherwise it is called irregular or exotic.

* The Lusternik – Schnirelmann theorem: If the sphere S < sup > n </ sup > is covered by n + 1 open sets, then one of these sets contains a pair ( x, − x ) of antipodal points.

Some authors require in addition that μ ( C ) < ∞ for every compact set C. If a Borel measure μ is both inner regular and outer regular, it is called a regular Borel measure.

If A is expressed as an N × N matrix, then A < sup >†</ sup > is its conjugate transpose.

* If G is a locally compact Hausdorff topological group and μ its Haar measure, then the Banach space L < sup > 1 </ sup >( G ) of all μ-integrable functions on G becomes a Banach algebra under the convolution xy ( g ) = ∫ x ( h ) y ( h < sup >− 1 </ sup > g ) dμ ( h ) for x, y in L < sup > 1 </ sup >( G ).

If one statement is true in a category C then its dual will be true in the dual category C < sup > op </ sup >.

If a is a point in R < sup > n </ sup >, then the higher dimensional chain rule says that:

If is an outward pointing in-plane normal, whereas is the unit vector perpendicular to the plane ( see caption at right ), then the orientation of C is chosen so that a tangent vector to C is positively oriented if and only if forms a positively oriented basis for R < sup > 3 </ sup > ( right-hand rule ).