If the slowing down of certain seismic waves caused by the damp spot helped uncover the underground ocean, the unusual temperature variation with depth measured in 241 inactive oil wells helped locate the subterranean river.

where Q is the electric charge transferred through the surface over a time t. If Q and t are measured in coulombs and seconds respectively, I is in amperes.

* If is the norm ( usually noted as ) defined in the sequence space ℓ < sup >∞</ sup > of all bounded sequences ( which also matches the non-linear distance measured as the maximum of distances measured on projections into the base subspaces, without requiring the space to be isotropic or even just linear, but only continuous, such norm being definable on all Banach spaces ), and is lower triangular non-singular ( i. e., ) then

If u ( t ) is the control signal sent to the system, y ( t ) is the measured output and r ( t ) is the desired output, and tracking error, a PID controller has the general form

If it is the fraction of impinging atoms getting through the foil which is measured, the result can still be expressed in terms of the equivalent stopping cross section of the atoms.

If it is " observed " ( measured with a photon ) not at a particular slit but rather at the screen, then there is no " which path " information as part of the interaction, so the electron's " observed " position on the screen is determined strictly by its probability function.

If instead we use polar coordinates with the origin at one focus, with the angular coordinate still measured from the major axis, the ellipse's equation is

If the second electrode is also at standard conditions, then the measured cell potential is called the standard electrode potential for the electrode.

If these three home construction projects were measured with the same PV valuations, the relative schedule performance of the projects can be easily compared.

If the two signals are close together in frequency the heterodyne is low enough to be measured by a frequency counter.

If swelling is observed, the calf circumference should be measured with a tape measure.

If the fluid being measured is significantly dense, hydrostatic corrections may have to be made for the height between the moving surface of the manometer working fluid and the location where the pressure measurement is desired except when measuring differential pressure of a fluid ( for example across an orifice plate or venturi ), in which case the density ρ should be corrected by subtracting the density of the fluid being measured.

* If the measured value is contained in B, then immediately after the measurement, the system will be in the ( generally non-normalized ) state E < sub > A </ sub >( B ) ψ.

If the measured value does not lie in B, replace B by its complement for the above state.

If these relative frequencies are to define the probability, the probability will be slightly different every time it is measured.

If the objects are indeterminate until one of them is measured, then the question becomes, " How can one account for something that was at one point indefinite with regard to its spin ( or whatever is in this case the subject of investigation ) suddenly becoming definite in that regard even though no physical interaction with the second object occurred, and, if the two objects are sufficiently far separated, could not even have had the time needed for such an interaction to proceed from the first to the second object?

If, the nanoparticle magnetization will flip several times during the measurement, then the measured magnetization will average to zero.

If, the magnetization will not flip during the measurement, so the measured magnetization will be what the instantaneous magnetization was at the beginning of the measurement.

* If it was an abortion, usually measured after three months in a pregnancy, the woman may pay 1 / 10 of the blood money to charity or face imprisonment ( not qisas ).

If the net force is not zero, and is the torque measured from, then the torque measured from is ...

If the rotational speed is measured in revolutions per unit of time, the linear speed and distance are increased proportionately by 2π in the above derivation to give:

If you tell him I made a pass at you he might think you misunderstood something I said or did, so instead of just telling him I made a pass, say I tried to date you and that you agreed so you could prove to him what a louse I really am.

If we had, then one of us would have had to go instead.

If the defendant files an appeal arguing that he should not have to pay any money, then the plaintiff might file a cross-appeal arguing that the defendant should have to pay $ 200, 000 instead of $ 50, 000.

If the automorphisms of an object X form a set ( instead of a proper class ), then they form a group under composition of morphisms.

If instead Betty and Carla both owned 7 shares, then Alex would keep the majority bonus for herself, while Betty and Carla would split the minority bonus.

Immanuel Kant, writing in 1790, observes of a man " If he says that canary wine is agreeable he is quite content if someone else corrects his terms and reminds him to say instead: It is agreeable to me ," because " Everyone has his own ( sense of ) taste ".

If f is not a function, but is instead a partial function, it is called a partial operation.

If he intended an attack along the Moselle the Duke must now turn west, but, instead, the following day the army crossed to the right bank of the Rhine, ( pausing to add 5, 000 waiting Hanoverians and Prussians ).

If this special relationship does not exist then it not usually spoken of as " backward " compatibility but is instead just " compatible "— a consistent interface allowing interoperability between components and products that were each developed separately.

If it was instead hilly, wooded, marshy, or urban, armour would be vulnerable to infantry in close-quarters combat and unable to break out at full speed.

If one axiomatizes relations instead of functions, one obtains the theory of allegories.

If the relative priorities of these substituents need to be established, R takes priority over S. When this happens, the descriptor of the stereocenter is a lowercase letter ( r or s ) instead of the uppercase letter normally used.

If a 7 is rolled instead of the point being re-rolled, the don't pass bet wins and is paid even money.

If a player is playing don't pass instead of pass, they may also lay odds by placing chips behind the don't pass line.

If a 7 comes instead of the point coming, the odds pay at true odds of 1-to-2 if 4 or 10 is the point, 2-to-3 if 5 or 9 is the point, 5-to-6 if 6 or 8 is the point.

If instead the roll is 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 then the come bet will be moved by the base dealer onto a box representing the number the shooter threw.

If, instead, the seven is rolled before the come-bet point, the bet loses.

If instead the roll is 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 then the don't come bet will be moved by the base dealer onto a box representing the number the shooter threw.

If the above condition is instead satisfied for

If one set is played, the pieces usually go into the opponent's starting corner, and the number of pieces per side is often increased to 15 ( instead of the usual 10 ).

If an entry can be found with a tag matching that of the desired datum, the datum in the entry is used instead.

If the business ' debts exceed its assets, the bankruptcy restructuring results in the company's owners being left with nothing ; instead, the owners ' rights and interests are ended and the company's creditors are left with ownership of the newly reorganized company.

If the context menu is being triggered by keyboard, such as by using Shift + F10, the context menu appears instead near the focused widget instead of the position of the pointer, to save recognition efforts.