If the descent were truly unbroken, father-to-son, since Confucius's lifetime, the males in the family would all have the same Y chromosome as their direct male ancestor, with slight mutations due to the passage of time.

If arms ' lengths are unequal, the chromosome is said to be submetacentric.

) If such a gamete results in fertilization and an embryo, the resulting embryo may also have an entire copy of the extra chromosome.

If crossover occurs once, then on average ( 4²² ) ² = 309x10 < sup > 24 </ sup > genetically different zygotes are possible for every couple, not considering that crossover events can take place at most points along each chromosome.

If the karyotype is 46, XY, testes develop due to the influence of the Y chromosome ’ s SRY gene.

If two genes are located close together on a chromosome, the likelihood that a recombination event will separate these two genes is less than if they were farther apart.

If natural selection is the primary error correction mechanism that prevents random mutations on the Y chromosome, then fertility treatments for men with abnormal sperm ( in particular ICSI ) only defer the underlying problem to the next male generation.

If the chromosome walk proceeds through the mutant allele, the new polymorphisms will start to show increase in recombination frequency compared to the mutant phenotype.

If a given chromosome in the population represents the value 155, its chromosome would be.

If the fetus inherits the X chromosome from the father, the fetus will be a female.

If the lysogenic cycle is adopted, the phage chromosome is integrated ( by covalent bonds ) into the bacterial chromosome, where it can remain dormant for thousands of generations.

If the lysogen is induced ( by UV light for example ), the phage genome is excised from the bacterial chromosome and initiates the lytic cycle, which culminates in lysis of the cell and the release of phage particles.

# If the new DNA matches with a homologous region of the recipient cell ’ s chromosome, it will exchange DNA material similar to the actions in conjugation.

( 1 ) If the gonads are dysgenetic testes or streak gonads and at least some of the boy's cells have a Y chromosome, the gonads or streaks must be removed because they are nonfunctional but have a relatively high risk of developing gonadoblastoma.

If the gonads are dysgenetic testes or streak gonads and at least some of the cells have a Y chromosome, the gonads or streaks must be removed because they are nonfunctional but have a relatively high risk of developing gonadoblastoma.

If chromosome segregation happens correctly, each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromatids, and for this to happen each sister chromatid has to anchor ( through the corresponding kinetochore ) to MTs generated in opposed poles of the mitotic spindle.

If it is not corrected, the chromatid bound to both poles will remain as a lagging chromosome at anaphase, and finally will be broken in two fragments, distributed between the daughter cells, generating aneuploidy.

If one of these cells contributes to the genetic makeup of a child, the child will have an extra X chromosome in each of her cells.

" If every possible probe is used, every chromosome, ( the whole genome ) would be marked fluorescently, which would not be particularly useful for determining features of individual sequences.

If the spermatozoon contributes a Y chromosome then the zygote will develop as a male.

If there are no problems or chromosome abnormalities, EIFs are considered normal changes, or variants.

If the teacher said that the learner clearly wants to stop, the experimenter replied, " Whether the learner likes it or not, you must go on until he has learned all the word pairs correctly, so please go on ".

If S contains two elements that are not pairwise orthogonal ( in particular, the set of all quantum states includes such pairs ) then an argument like that given above shows that the answer is no.

If a player has two small pairs, and he believes that it will be necessary for him to make a full house to win, then he has four outs: the two remaining cards of each rank that he holds.

If a hand contained one of the tiles on the left and one of the tiles on the right, these would not form a pair at all, since the tiles that make pairs are defined by tradition.

* If a player has no pairs, straights or flushes, he should set the second-and third-highest cards in his two-card hand.

If a player's side cards are small or his larger pair is large, he should split the pairs.

If a player has no side cards higher than a jack, he should always split pairs, even 2s and 3s ( most house ways split if there's a pair of 6s or higher, and split small pairs if there's no ace for the low hand ).

If chiral pairs ( D and S ) are considered as identical, the remaining seven pieces can fill a 7 × 2 × 2 box.

If all three pairs of opposite edges of a tetrahedron are perpendicular, then it is called an orthocentric tetrahedron.

If the position was found to be r < sub > 0 </ sub > then in an interpretation satisfying CFD, the statistical population describing position and momentum would contain all pairs ( r < sub > 0 </ sub >, p ) for every possible momentum value p, whereas an interpretation that rejects counterfactual values completely would only have the pair ( r < sub > 0 </ sub >,⊥) where ⊥ denotes an undefined value.

* SAS ( Side-Angle-Side ): If two pairs of sides of two triangles are equal in length, and the included angles are equal in measurement, then the triangles are congruent.

* SSS ( Side-Side-Side ): If three pairs of sides of two triangles are equal in length, then the triangles are congruent.

* ASA ( Angle-Side-Angle ): If two pairs of angles of two triangles are equal in measurement, and the included sides are equal in length, then the triangles are congruent.

* AAS ( Angle-Angle-Side ): If two pairs of angles of two triangles are equal in measurement, and a pair of corresponding non-included sides are equal in length, then the triangles are congruent.

If a binary star happens to orbit in a plane along our line of sight, its components will eclipse and transit each other ; these pairs are called eclipsing binaries, or, as they are detected by their changes in brightness during eclipses and transits, photometric binaries.

* If we fix a homomorphism of abelian groups, we can consider the category consisting of all pairs where is an abelian group and is a group homomorphism with.

If the biproduct A ⊕ B exists for all pairs of objects A and B in the category C, then all finite biproducts exist.

If the two pairs of wings are considered as interchangeable, homologous structures, this may be described as a parallel reduction in the number of wings, but otherwise the two changes are each divergent changes in one pair of wings.

* If every voter's preference between X and Y remains unchanged, then the group's preference between X and Y will also remain unchanged ( even if voters ' preferences between other pairs like X and Z, Y and Z, or Z and W change ).

If the leader starts with a pair, only pairs may be played on top of it.

If two texts in this language are laid side by side, then the following pairs can be expected:

If a Wing falls to fewer than 12 healthy dragon / rider pairs, the Wing is disbanded and absorbed by other Wings.

If an upper bound can be placed on the velocity of the physical bodies in a scene, then pairs of objects can be pruned based on their initial distance and the size of the time step.