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Ii Naosuke managed to coerce the Tokugawa Shogunate to its last brief resurgence of its power and position in Japanese society before the starting of the Meiji period.
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Ii and Naosuke
* 1860 – Sakuradamon incident ( 1860 ): Assassination of Japanese Chief Minister ( Tairō ) Ii Naosuke
Among the most famous was Ii Naosuke, who was assassinated in 1860 outside the Sakuradamon Gate of Edo Castle ( Sakuradamon incident ).
However, the opposing faction, led by Ii Naosuke, won out.
Naomasa established the Hikone Domain, later famous for Ii Naosuke.
Ii Naosuke became the Tokugawa shogunate's Tairō and concluded commercial treaties with the Western powers and thus ended Japan's isolation from the world in the 19th century.
On May 14, 1878, Okubo was assassinated by Shimada Ichirō and six Kanazawa Domain samurai while on his way to the imperial palace, only a few minutes walk from the Sakurada gate where Ii Naosuke had been assassinated 18 years earlier.
After Tairō Ii Naosuke was assassinated in 1860, Iwakura supported the Kobugattai Movement, an alliance of the Court and the Shogunate.
However, Saigō ’ s activity in Edo came to an abrupt end with the Ansei Purge by Tairo Ii Naosuke against anti-Shogunal activities, and the sudden death of Shimazu Nariakira.
By 1858 Ii Naosuke, the bakufu Tairō who signed treaties with the Western powers, began to round up sonnō jōi rebels in Kyōto, Edo, and eventually the provinces.
When Ii Naosuke sent a servant to ( unsuccessfully ) ask the emperor to support one of his treaties with the foreigners, Yoshida Shōin led a revolt, calling on rōnin to aid him, but received very little support.
His own view was that the bakufu should strengthen its military and fight the foreigners, and was at odds with Ii Naosuke on the issue.
* In 1860, the assassination of Ii Naosuke took place outside the Sakurada Gate of the Imperial Palace.
* Gōtoku-ji, a temple with the grave of Ii Naosuke, assassinated outside the Sakurada Gate of Edo Castle
* Ii clan ( 井伊氏 )-descended from Fujiwara Hokke ; famous for Ii Naomasa and Ii Naosuke.
* Ansei 5 ( 1858 ): Beginning of arrests of troublemakers by order of Ii Naosuke.
Sakurada-mon: The ambush-assassination of Ii Naosuke ( Iko-mono-no-kami ) unfolded nearby.
* Ansei 7 ( March 3, 1860 ): Ii Naosuke assassinated, also known as " Sakurada-mon Incident.
The purge was carried out by Ii Naosuke in an effort to quiet opposition to his handling of the question of shogunal succession and the signing of the U. S .- Japan Treaty of Amity and Commerce.
Sakuradamon Gate of Edo Castle where Ii Naosuke was assassinated in 1860.
In 1860 Ii Naosuke, who favored opening Japan to the West, was assassinated by an anti-foreign rebel samurai.
Ii Naosuke rose to the rank of tairō under him.
Tokugawa Nariaki of Mito, Satsuma and others wanted to see Tokugawa Yoshinobu as his successor, while the Ōoku and shogunate officials like Ii Naosuke supported Tokugawa Iemochi, and succeeded.
Under Naosuke Ii ’ s guidance, the Tokugawa shogunate navigated past a particularly difficult conflict over the succession to the ailing and childless Tokugawa Iesada.
Ii and Tokugawa
After Ishida's defeat, Tokugawa granted the fief to his allies, the Ii clan, who built the castle and town of Hikone from the ruins of Sawayama.
In 1858 after Hotta Masayoshi ’ s disastrous attempt to obtain the emperor ’ s approval for the Harris treaty the Tokugawa Shogun, Tokugawa Iesada ( 徳川家定 ), chose Ii Naosuke to be the Tairō ( Great Elder ); a decision influenced by the Kii Party.
Ii ’ s promotion to the post of Tairō annoyed many of the shinpan daimyo ( daimyo related to the Shogun, they were unable to be members of the bakufu, but in the event of the Shogun dying heirless the next Shogun would be chosen from one of the shinpan families ) including Tokugawa Nariaki.
However Ii faced a problem in the form of an obstructionist policy from members of the Hitotsubashi faction led by Hitotsubashi Keiki ’ s father Tokugawa Nariaki.
Due to the frail health of the Shogun, Tokugawa Iesada, the members of the Hitotsubashi faction wanted to force Ii to support Hitotsubashi Keiki as the heir to the ailing Shogun.
The bakufu, led by Ii, wanted the 12 year old daimyo of Kii, Tokugawa Yoshitomi, to ascend to the position of shogun.
To end meddling in bakufu affairs, shortly after he signed the Harris treaty Ii settled the matter of the shogunal succession by claiming that the shogunal succession was a matter for the Tokugawa house alone and neither the shinpan daimyo or the Emperor had the right to interfere.
As head councilor of the Tokugawa house Ii was now free to influence the decision in favor of whichever candidate he preferred without any interference.
In this way Ii was able to ignore the Daimyo who supported Hitotsubashi Keiki, the reformist candidate for the office of Shogun and crowned the fudai daimyo ‘ s candidate, Tokugawa Yoshitomi who changed his name to Tokugawa Iemochi, as the 14th Tokugawa Shogun.
In response to the attempt by Tokugawa Nariaki and his supporters to denounce him in the emperor ’ s court Ii had a shogunal decree passed which allowed him to conduct the Ansei Purge.
Even his enemies would admit that along with Tokugawa Nariaki, Ii was one of the most important political figures of the late Edo period of Japanese history.
** Ii Naomasa, one of four Guardians of the Tokugawa clan
Honda Tadakatsu was one of the Tokugawa Four Heavenly Kings along with Ii Naomasa, Sakakibara Yasumasa and Sakai Tadatsugu.
Tokugawa Ieyasu's " Four Great Generals "- Honda Tadakatsu, Sakakibara Yasumasa, Sakai Tadatsugu, and Ii Naomasa, were all pre-Edo era fudai, and went on to become fudai daimyo.
Ii Naomasa joined the ranks of the Tokugawa clan in the mid-1570s, rising swiftly through the ranks to eventually become the master of a sizable holding in Ōmi Province, following the Battle of Sekigahara ( 1600 ).
Ii and Shogunate
" However, ichigo ichie was actually coined much later by Ii Naosuke ( 1815-1860 ) who was chief administrator of the Tokugawa Shogunate and was also a tea master.
Ii and its
This Edo period castle traces its origin to 1603 when Ii Naokatsu, son of the former daimyo Ii Naomasa, ordered its construction.
The nascent MHC class II protein in the rough ER has its peptide-binding cleft blocked by Ii ( the invariant chain ; a trimer ) to prevent it from binding cellular peptides or peptides from the endogenous pathway.
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