He skilfully exploited the estrangement between Henry and Richard, and Richard did homage to him voluntarily at Bonmoulins in November 1188.

* Sir Edgar the Gentle, knight and courtesan of Henry II of England ( d. 1188 )

According to Roger of Wendover, William was present at Gisors in France in 1188 when Henry II of England and Philip II of France agreed to go on crusade: " Thereupon the king of the English first took the sign of the cross at the hands of the Archbishop of Rheims and William of Tyre, the latter of whom had been entrusted by our lord the pope with the office of legate in the affairs of the crusade in the western part of Europe.

Coronation of Henry the Lion and Matilda of England ( 1188 )

In 1188 faced with an attempt by Philip II to seize the disputed region of Berry, Henry II summoned the Marshal to his side.

The first prison at Newgate was built in 1188 on the orders of Henry II.

Henry II of England next arranged for Constance to marry Ranulph de Meschines, 4th Earl of Chester on 3 February 1188.

However, Henry II of England arranged for Constance to marry Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, on 3 February 1188.

Henry is thought to have been born between 1180 and 1188.

In January 1188 Coutances took the cross when he pledged to go on Crusade along with King Henry and King Philip of France.

In 1188, Philip II and Henry II met to discuss peace again, Henry II refused to make Richard his heir.

In January 1188, Henry II of England and Philip II of France discussed the crusade at Le Mans, with Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre in attendance, and on February 11, Henry began to organize the preaching of the crusade in England at Geddington.

Louis VIII ( 1187 – 1226 ) – the eldest son and heir of Philip Augustus – married Blanche of Castile ( 1188 – 1252 ), a granddaughter of Aliénor of Aquitaine and Henry II of England.

One account narrates the meeting between Henry II of England and Philip II Augustus of France in 1188, following the fall of Jerusalem:

The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of William de Underwode which was dated 1188, in the " Records of Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk ", during the reign of King Henry II, known as " The Builder of Churches ", 1154-1189.

Nevertheless, when Prince Vladimir II Yaroslavich of Halych, who had been expelled from his country by his subjects, fled to Hungary seeking for assistance in 1188, King Béla III had him arrested and occupied his principality and he invested Andrew with Halych.

His father and Philip II had done so at Gisors on 21 January 1188 after receiving news of the fall of Jerusalem to Saladin.

* Ferdinand II of León ( 1137 – 1188 ), became king 1157

Ferdinand II ( c. 1137 – 22 January 1188 ) was King of León and Galicia from 1157 to his death.

Ferdinand II died in 1188 at Benavente, while returning from a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela.

Babylon did not begin to recover until the reigns of Adad-shuma-usur ( 1218 BC-1189 BC ) and Meli-Shipak II ( 1188 BC-1172 BC ).

# Ferdinand II of León ( 1137 – 1188 )

* Ferdinand II of León ( 1132 – 1188 ), king from 1157

Alfonso IX ( 15 August 1171 – 23 or 24 September 1230 ) was king of León and Galicia from the death of his father Ferdinand II in 1188 until his own death.

At the beginning of the Crusades the Pope decided that English crusaders would be distinguished by wearing a white cross on red ( whilst French crusaders wore a red cross on white and Italian knights were allocated a yellow cross on a white background ) In January 1188 the French King, Philip II of France accepted the claim of the English to the red cross on white ,.

In 1188 the French King, Philip II of France accepted the claim of the English to the red cross on white, and the English and French officially exchanged their respective crosses.

In 1188, Prince Vladimir II Yaroslavich of Halych, who had been dethroned by his boyars, sought refuge in his court.

The following year ( 1188 ), taking advantage of the troubled condition in the Sultanate of Rûm that preceded the death of Kilij Arslan II, Leo turned against the Seljuks.

Conrad II ( German: Konrad II von Hohenstaufen ) ( February / March 1173 – August 15, 1196 ) was duke of Swabia from 1191 to his death and Duke of Rothenburg ( 1188 – 1191 ).

* Alexios Komnenos ( d. 1188 ), illegitimate son of Manuel I Komnenos

But he had succeeded in calling Saladin's bluff: the old Marquis William was released, unharmed, at Tortosa in 1188, and returned to his son.

* Infante Fernando, Count of Flanders ( 1188 – 1233 ), son of Sancho I of Portugal

* Robert I of Dreux ( c. 1123 – 1188 ), Count of Braine in France, son of King Louis VI

The sagas of king Inge do not mention any offspring, but one of the pretenders against king Sverre, Jon Kuvlung ( died 1188 ), claimed to be Inge ’ s son.

In 1188, William was released unharmed at Tortosa, and seems to have ended his days in Tyre, with his son.

Infante Ferdinand of Portugal, Count of Flanders ( Coimbra, March 24, 1188 – Noyon, July 27, 1233 ; ; Portuguese Fernando ; Old French Ferrand ) was a Portuguese infante, fourth son of Portuguese King Sancho I and Dulce of Aragon.

Robert I of Dreux, ( also known as " Robert I Capet ") nicknamed the Great ( – 11 October 1188 ), was the fifth son of Louis VI of France and Adélaide de Maurienne.

Isabella of Angoulême (, ; c. 1188 – 31 May 1246 ) was queen consort of England as the second wife of King John from 1200 until John's death in 1216.

John ’ s work started from the year 1188, and was revised and continued by Roger up to 1235, the year before his death.

* Isabella of Angoulême ( 1188 – 1246 ), queen consort of John of England

In 1188, the city hosted the first Parliament in European history under the reign of Alfonso IX, due to which it was named in 2010, by the professor John Keane, the King of Spain and the Junta of Castile and León, as the cradle of Parliamentarism.