As production became more specialized, trade guilds were divided and subdivided, eliciting the squabbles over jurisdiction that produced the paperwork by which economic historians trace their development: there were 101 trades in Paris by 1260, and earlier in the century the metalworking guilds of Nuremberg were already divided among dozens of independent trades, in the boom economy of the 13th century.

From 1260 to 1291 the area became the frontier between Mongol invaders ( occasional Crusader allies ) and the Mamluks of Egypt.

As a satellite of Siena since the Battle of Montaperti in 1260, Montalcino was deeply involved and affected by the conflicts in which Siena became embroiled, particularly in those with the city of Florence in the 14th and 15th centuries, and like many other cities in central and northern Italy, the town was also caught up in the internecine wars between the Ghibellines ( supporters of the Holy Roman Empire ) and the Guelphs ( supporters of the Papacy ).

After the treaty in 1260 and invasion of 1270's, Goryeo became a dependency of the Yuan Dynasty.

He became 6th Earl of Stafford, inheriting a large estate with lands in more than a dozen counties, although over two-thirds of his estate was still occupied by his mother and he only received a reduced income, of less than £ 1260, until he was sixteen.

* The Golden Legend, compiled around the year 1260 by Jacopo da Varagine is a collection of fanciful hagiographies or lives of the saints, that became a late medieval bestseller.

Cockatrice became seen as synonymous with basilisk when the basiliscus in Bartholomeus Anglicus ' De proprietatibus rerum ( ca 1260 ) was translated by John Trevisa as cockatrice ( 1397 ).

Kublai Khan appointed Chögyal Phagpa as his Imperial Preceptor in 1260, the year when he became emperor of Mongolia.

Hethoum later persuaded son-in-law Bohemond VI to do the same, and Antioch became a tributary of the Mongols in 1260.

The name of Bihać was first mentioned as early as 1260 as property of a church in Topusko, Croatia in a document by the Hungarian-Croatian king Bela IV, and became a free city in 1262.

In a short time the Krk Counts became so strong that at one time from 1244 to 1260, Venice rescinded their authority.

* The Age of the Son, between the advent of Christ and 1260, represented by the New Testament, when Man became the son of God ;

Subsequently, Austria became of field of conflict between the Přemyslids and the Hungarian Árpád dynasty, in which Ottokar at first would prevail defeating King Béla at the 1260 Battle of Kressenbrunn, until finally being overthrown by the German king Rudolph of Habsburg at the Battle on the Marchfeld in 1278.

In 1253 Ottokar II became Bohemian king upon the death of his father ; the concentration of power on the western Hungarian border was viewed with suspicion by King Béla IV, who campaigned Austria and Styria but was finally defeated at the 1260 Battle of Kressenbrunn.

* KYA ( AM ), a San Francisco, California, radio station that later became KOIT ( AM ) and is now KSFB on 1260 kHz

Other writers who covered the topic of rhythmic modes include Anonymous IV, who mentions the names of the composers Léonin and Pérotin as well as some of their major works, and Franco of Cologne, writing around 1260, who recognized the limitations of the system and whose name became attached to the idea of representing the duration of a note by particular notational shapes, though in fact the idea had been known and used for some time before Franco ( Hughes 1954b, 379 – 80 ).

Alexander IV, by the Papal Bull of 21 June 1260, recognized this foundation as a generale litterarum studium and granted its members certain dispensations in the matter of residence.

When Igor Stravinsky's former Beverly Hills residence at 1260 North Wetherly Drive was put up for sale, Salonen strongly considered buying the property ; however, after visiting the house and, among other things, noting that indentations from Stravinsky's piano were still visible in the carpet, he was intimidated by the prospect of trying to compose in the same house where Stravinsky had written many important works, including Symphony in Three Movements, the Concerto in D for Strings, The Rake's Progress, Orpheus, Agon, the Cantata, and Mass.

The Duchy of Saxony was divided in 1260 into the two states of Saxe-Lauenburg and Saxe-Wittenberg.

In 1249 duke Barnim I established a ducal municipality next to the village, and granted it autonomy under Magdeburg rights in 1260, changed to Lübeck rights in 1293.

In 1260 Brian O ' Neill ( Brian Ua Néill ), King of Tír Eoghain ( Tyrone ) and who had been acknowledged as High King of Ireland by Hugh O ' Conor of Connacht and Tadhg O ' Brien of Thomond marched to Downpatrick, a centre of English settlement, and, allied with a Connacht force under Hugh O ' Conor, fought the foreigners in the Battle of Down.

In the Persante area, first German settlements occurred about 1260, but a more extensive settlement did not start before 1280.

Trutnov is located on a 12th century Slavic settlement named after the Úpa River ; the first written mention of this settlement is from 1260.

` Abdu ' l-Bahá was born in Tehran, Iran on 23 May 1844 ( 5th of Jamadiyu ' l-Avval, 1260 AH ), the eldest son of Bahá ' u ' lláh and Navváb.

During the XII and XIII centuries many encyclopedic works have been written. Among them De proprietatibus rerum by Bartholomeus Anglicus ' ( 1240 ) was the most widely read and quoted encyclopedia in the High Middle Ages while Vincent of Beauvais's Speculum Majus ( 1260 ) was the most ambitious encyclopedia in the late-medieval period at over 3 million words.

According to the contemporary sources and later speculations, the first line was formed by light cavalry archers ( Battle of Oslava-1116, 1146, 1260, 1278 ).

As the kingdom was by now a relatively unimportant state, the Mongols paid little attention to it, but there were a few skirmishes in 1260: the forces of Julian of Sidon killed the nephew of Kitbuqa, who responded by sacking Sidon, and John II of Beirut was also captured by the Mongols during another raid.

The shroud's origins are still a matter of controversy, but in 1988, a carbon dating analysis concluded that the shroud was made between 1260 and 1390, a span that includes the last half-century of the Templars ' existence.

Another center of the province, Sandomierz, was destroyed by the Tartars in 1260, and burnt by the Lithuanians in 1349.

His father was Adhemar Aubert ( 1260 -?

Pomesanians joined the other Prussian clans during the First Prussian Uprising ( 1242 – 1249 ), but was the only clan not to participate in the Great Prussian Uprising ( 1260 – 1274 ).

The peninsula was governed as part of Egypt under the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt from 1260 until 1517, when the Ottoman Sultan, Selim the Grim, defeated the Egyptians at the Battles of Marj Dabiq and al-Raydaniyya, and incorporated Egypt into the Ottoman Empire.

In 1260 it was again destroyed by the Mongols.

Elissa is the narrator of this tale which was either taken from a fabliau by Jean de Condé written between 1313 and 1337, or from a story about Saint Jerome in The Golden Legend, written about 1260.

At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Anastasius and Venantius ( or, less frequently, year 1260 Ab urbe condita ).

Shiraz, under Atabak Abubakr Sa'd ibn Zangy ( 1231 – 1260 ) was enjoying an era of relative tranquility.

The construction of Meissen Cathedral was begun in 1260 on the same hill as the Albrechtsburg castle.

Year 1260 ( MCCLX ) was a leap year starting on Thursday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar.

The Golden Legend of 1260 AD recounts how St. Valentine refused to deny Christ before the " Emperor Claudius " in 270 AD and as a result was beheaded.

Nicholas V, born Pietro Rainalducci ( c. 1260 – 16 October 1333 ) was an antipope in Italy from 12 May 1328 to 25 July 1330 during the pontificate of Pope John XXII ( 1316 – 34 ) at Avignon.

* On February 23, 1260, Guido Speziale, son of Giovanni, a worker on the cathedral Santa Maria Maggiore, was elected to oversee the building of the Tower.

In electrical equipment manufacturing in the USA, Aroclor 1260 and Aroclor 1254 were the main mixtures used before 1950 ; Aroclor 1242 was the main mixture used in the 1950s and 1960s until it was phased out in 1971 and replaced by Aroclor 1016.