The end of the Viking Age is traditionally marked in England by the failed invasion attempted by the Norwegian king Harald III ( Haraldr Harðráði ), who was defeated by Saxon King Harold Godwinson in 1066 at the Battle of Stamford Bridge ; in Ireland, the capture of Dublin by Strongbow and his Hiberno-Norman forces in 1171 ; and 1263 in Scotland by the defeat of King Hákon Hákonarson at the Battle of Largs by troops loyal to Alexander III.

Baibars's troops attacked Acre in 1263, captured Caesaria in 1265, and took Antioch in 1268.

Haakon retreated to Orkney, where he died in December 1263, entertained on his death bed by recitations of the sagas.

Mindaugas was murdered in 1263 by his nephew Treniota, which resulted in great unrest and a return to paganism.

He broke peace with the Livonian Order in 1261, possibly renouncing Christianity, and was assassinated in 1263 by his nephew Treniota and another rival, Duke Daumantas.

After the stalemate of the Battle of Largs, Haakon retreated to Orkney, where he died in December 1263, entertained on his death bed by recitations of the sagas.

In 1263 Franciscan monks settled in the city, followed in 1239 by Dominicans.

* 1263 – Mindaugas, the only Christian king of Lithuania, is assassinated by his cousin Treniota.

* 1263 – The Savoy Palace is constructed in London by Count Peter II of Savoy.

* 1263 – Balliol College, Oxford is founded by John I de Balliol.

* 1263 – The doctrines of theologian Joachim of Fiore are condemned as heresy by the Roman Catholic Church at a synod in Arles.

The charismatic de Montfort and his forces had captured most of southeastern England by 1263, and at the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, Henry was defeated and taken prisoner by de Montfort's army.

In 1263 the Latins ceded Mystras as ransom for William II of Villehardouin, and Michael VIII Palaeologus made the city the seat of the new Despotate of Morea, ruled by his relatives, although the Venetians still controlled the coast and the islands.

In 1263, the emperor sent men ( which included Seljuk mercenaries ) to conquer the Principality of Achaea, but this expedition failed in the battles of Prinitza and Makryplagi, and a mixed imperial and Genoese fleet of 48 ships was defeated by a smaller Venetian force at the Battle of Settepozzi.

Morta ( baptized c. 1252 by the bishop of Chełmno, died c. 1263 ) was the Grand Duchess of Lithuania ( until 1253 ) and later Queen of Lithuania ( 1253 – 1262 ).

Penman's characterization of Simon de Montfort is that of a man increasingly disillusioned by his sovereign, rebels in 1263, becomes regent to Henry III, and attempts to reestablish rights granted under the Magna Carta.

From the initial 1263 residents in 1967, the population dropped to 920 by 1970, 799 in 1990, and 766 in 2000.

The College was founded in about 1263 ( leading some to argue that it is the University's oldest college, a claim contested by University College and Merton College ) by John I de Balliol under the guidance of the Bishop of Durham.

* 1263 – King Haakon IV of Norway ( b. 1204 )

Following the ill-fated 1263 expedition of Haakon IV of Norway, the Outer Hebrides and the Isle of Man were yielded to the Kingdom of Scotland as a result of the 1266 Treaty of Perth.

In 1263, King Haakon IV of Norway, in retaliation for a Scots expedition to Skye, arrived on the west coast with a fleet from Norway and Orkney.

* Haakon Haakonsson, king of Norway from 1217 to 1263.

* Haakon IV, King of Norway ( d. 1263 )

* 1263 – October – King Alexander III of Scotland fights a minor skirmish against King Haakon IV of Norway in the Battle of Largs.

Haakon died in 1263 while on campaign against Scotland, defending his claim to the overlordship of the Hebrides and the Isle of Man.

In 1263, Haakon IV, King of Norway may have used the eastern coast of the island as an anchorage for his fleet, before the inconclusive Battle of Largs.

The Clan Ross by tradition fought at the Battle of Largs in 1263 in support of Alexander III of Scotland against King Haakon IV of Norway.

According to the latter, King Haakon IV of Norway anchored his fleet, including the flagship Kroussden that could carry nearly 300 men, on 5 August 1263 at St Margaret's Hope, where he witnessed an eclipse of the sun prior to sailing south to the Battle of Largs.

Haakon Haakonsson ( c. March / April 1204 – 16 December 1263 ) ( Old Norse: Hákon Hákonarson ; Norwegian: Håkon Håkonsson ), sometimes called Haakon the Old in contrast to his son with the same name, and known in modern regnal lists as Haakon IV, was the King of Norway from 1217 to 1263.

Having come into conflict with the royal representative in Iceland, Sturla came to Norway in 1263 in an attempt to reconcile with Haakon.

In 1263 the dispute with the Scottish king over the Hebrides induced Haakon to undertake an expedition to the islands.

Having learned in 1262 that Scottish nobles had raided the Hebrides and that Alexander III planned to conquer the islands, Haakon went on an expedition with his formidable leidang fleet of at least 120 ships in 1263, having become accustomed to negotiating backed by an intimidating fleet.

The Bishop's Palace, Kirkwall in Orkney where Haakon IV of Norway | Haakon Haakonarson, the last Norwegian king to rule over the Sudreyjar died in 1263.

After the stalemate of the Battle of Largs, Haakon retreated to Orkney, where he died in December 1263, entertained on his death bed by recitations of the sagas.

The Battle of Largs ( October 1263 ) proved indecisive, but even so, Haakon's position was hopeless.

The novel depicts the " Norse invasion of Scotland " ( 1262 – 1263, part of the Scottish – Norwegian War ) and the Battle of Largs.

Ottone Visconti unsuccessfully led a group of exiles against the city in 1263, but after years of escalating violence on all sides, finally, after the victory in the Battle of Desio ( 1277 ), he won the city for his family.

In 1263, the Scots successfully drove off of the Norwegian leidang-army in a skirmish known as the Battle of Largs.

Informed by the local Byzantine governor of William's actions, Michael VIII sent an army under the command of his half-brother, Constantine, against William, but the expedition was unsuccessful, the Byzantines first being routed at the Battle of Prinitza in 1263 and then, after Constantine's return to Constantinople, suffering a heavy defeat at the Battle of Makryplagi in 1264.

In 1263 it was the site of the Battle of Largs between the Norwegian and the Scottish armies.

It was the site of the Battle of Largs in 1263, in which parts of a Scottish army attacked a small force of Norwegians attempting to salvage ships from a fleet carrying the armies of King Magnus Olafsson of Mann and the Isles and his liege lord King Haakon IV of Norway, beached during a storm.

King Haakon IV of Norway ( reigned 1217 – 1263 ) confirmed Donald's son Angus Mor ( the Elder ) Mac Donald ( the first Macdonald ) as Lord of Islay, and the two participated jointly in the Battle of Largs ( 1263 ).

* Battle of Löbau, fought near Lubawa in 1263

Thus in 1263 he joined the royalists, and was present on that side at the Battle of Lewes.

* 1263 Battle of Largs, an inconclusive battle fought between Haakon IV of Norway and the Scots

The charismatic de Montfort and his forces had captured most of southeastern England by 1263 and at the Battle of Lewes in 1264, Henry was defeated and taken prisoner by de Montfort's army.