He had been a descendant of the Israelite tribe of Issachar ; he had been educated by his grandfathers, who had both been physicians to the court of Good King René of Provence ; he had attended Montpellier University in 1525 to gain his first degree: after returning there in 1529 he had successfully taken his medical doctorate ; he had gone on to lecture in the Medical Faculty there until his views became too unpopular ; he had supported the heliocentric view of the universe ; he had travelled to the north-east of France, where he had composed prophecies at the abbey of Orval ; in the course of his travels he had performed a variety of prodigies, including identifying a future Pope ; he had successfully cured the Plague at Aix-en-Provence and elsewhere ; he had engaged in scrying using either a magic mirror or a bowl of water ; he had been joined by his secretary Chavigny at Easter 1554 ; having published the first installment of his Propheties, he had been summoned by Queen Catherine de ' Medici to Paris in 1556 to discuss with her his prophecy at quatrain I. 35 that her husband King Henri II would be killed in a duel ; he had examined the royal children at Blois ; he had bequeathed to his son a ' lost book ' of his own prophetic paintings ; he had been buried standing up ; and he had been found, when dug up at the French Revolution, to be wearing a medallion bearing the exact date of his disinterment.

By 1552 he was residing in a house on Henley Street, which is traditionally referred to as the birthplace of William ( now called Shakespeare's Birthplace ), and on 2 October 1556, he purchased the house to the east and joined the two together.

When Chancellor returned to England one year later in 1556, he was joined by the first Russian ambassador to England, Osip Nepeya.

King Philip II ( r. 1556 – 1598 ) moved the Spanish court to Madrid in 1561.

Though his birth and death dates are uncertain, he is registered working in Antwerp from 1544 to 1555 and in Sweden between 1556 and 1566, where he became court painter to Eric XIV of Sweden.

Jan was Wojski of Lwów from 1555 to 1554, courtier on the royal court since 1554, secretary of the King since 1556, castellan of Małogoszcz since 1563 and of Radom since 1565, voivode of Lublin Voivodeship since 1574 and starost of Łomża and Pilzno.

In fact Guidobaldo may have known Tasso before they studied at Padua together, for Tasso was almost exactly the same age as Guidobaldo and had been educated at the court of the Duke of Urbino, with the duke's son, from 1556.

The (), which literally means Book of Akbar, is the official chronicle of the reign of Akbar, the third Mughal Emperor ( r. 1556 – 1605 ), commissioned by Akbar himself aby his court historian and biographer, Abul Fazl who was one of the nine jewels in Akbar's court.

Mellin de Saint-Gelais's translation of Gian Giorgio Trissino's La Sophonisbe — the first modern regular tragedy based on ancient models which tells the story of the noble Sophonisba's suicide ( rather than be taken as captive by Rome ) — was an enormous success at the court when performed in 1556.

While he never again set foot in Italy, in 1556 he made his way to Poland, and conferred with Duke Albrecht of Prussia.

* Dorothy Catherine of Brandenburg-Ansbach ( 1538 – 1604 ) married in 1556 Henry V of Plauen, Burgrave of Meissen.

In 1556 Charles V abdicated.

Mary then married her cousin Philip, son of the emperor Charles V, and King of Spain when Charles abdicated in 1556.

* 1556 – Departing from Vlissingen, ex-Holy Roman Emperor Charles V returns to Spain.

* June 28 – Charles I of Spain becomes Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor ( rules until 1556 ).

In 1556, Charles V abdicated in favour of his son Philip II and his brother Ferdinand I. Charles's Italian possessions, including Milan, passed to Philip II and the Spanish line of Habsburgs, while Ferdinand's Austrian line of Habsburgs ruled the Holy Roman Empire.

In Brussels on Oct. 25, 1555, Charles V abdicated the Netherlands to his son, who in January 1556 assumed the throne of Spain as Philip II.

Charles V then had his Spanish subjects repopulate the island and build the massive city walls atop the walls of the ancient Greek acropolis in 1556.

Charles V abdicated in 1556 and decreed that the territories of the Burgundian Circle should be held by the Spanish Crown.

Charles V (; ; ; ; 24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558 ) was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I and his son Philip II in 1556.

In 1556, Charles V named his new fortress Philippeville in honour of his son, Philip II of Spain, who would succeed him in the Netherlands – and on the city – the following year.

Returning to England from a mission to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in April 1556, Fitzwalter was appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland.

In 1556 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor retired to the Monastery of Yuste, near Cuacos de Yuste, after having abdicated the Spanish crown in favour of his son Philip II of Spain and the crown of the Holy Roman Empire in favour of his brother Ferdinand I.

* Personal union with Spain from 1519 to 1556 under Charles V.

* Personal union of the crowns that would later form Spain ( Crown of Castile and Crown of Aragon ) with the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 to 1556 under Charles I ( Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor ).

* Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor ( 1516 – 1556 )

In Spain, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor abdicated on 16 January 1556, whereupon Philip and Mary became King and Queen of Spain, which at the time held the Netherlands.

A map of the dominion of the House of Habsburg | Habsburgs following the abdication of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | Charles V ( 1556 ) as depicted in The Cambridge Modern History Atlas ( 1912 ); Habsburg lands are shaded green.

After the abdication of Emperor Charles V in 1556, the Burgundian fiefs were bequested to his son King Philip II of Spain.

* Pomponio Nenna ( 1556 – 1613 ), composer, conferred by Charles V in 1530

Although opposed to Mary's proposed Habsburg marriage, Mason remained as ambassador to Charles V but he was in Windsor in March 1556 and finally recalled to England that summer.

* August 23, 1556: new coat of arms and lordship of Serooskerke in Walcheren granted by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain

The Cardinal's brother, Alfonso II d ' Este, Duke of Ferrara, was another early enthusiast, enquiring about castrati in 1556.

Carlo's older brother Giovanni was made commander of the papal forces and Duke of Paliano after the pro-Spanish Colonna were deprived of that town in 1556.

He was also, quite autonomously, the ruler of Finland, as Duke John from 1556 to 1563.

In 1556, Anagni became a battlefield in the conflict between Pope Paul IV and King Philip II of Spain, when it was besieged by the Spanish army under the Duke of Alba.

## on 14 February 1556 to Duke Ulrich III of Mecklenburg-Güstrow

The Duke of Parma was also Duke of Piacenza, except for the first years of the rule of Ottavio Farnese ( 1549 – 1556 ), and the time of the Napoleonic wars, when the two were established as separate positions held by two individuals.

* Robert IV de La Marck, Duke of Bouillon and Prince of Sedan ( 1520 – 1556 ), Marshal of France in 1547

In 1556 Duke Ercole awarded Rore a benefice for his exceptional service.

It was again sacked in 1527, and occupied by the Duke of Alba in 1556.

Around 1580, King John III of Sweden, who had previously ( 1556 – 63 ) been the Duke of Finland ( a royal duke ), assumed the subsidiary title Grand prince of Finland (, to the titles of the King of Sweden, first appearing is sources in 1581 ( though first used by John III 1577 ).

An extended Finland Proper was made a titular grand principality in 1581, when King John III of Sweden, who as a prince had been the Duke of Finland ( 1556 – 1561 / 63 ), extended the list of subsidiary titles of the Kings of Sweden considerably.

In 1556, the second Duke, Ottavio Farnese, was given the city of Piacenza, becoming thus also Duke of Piacenza, and so the state was thereafter properly known as the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza ( Ducato di Parma e Piacenza in Italian ).

His father was Juan Carlos de Guzmán y de Aragón, deceased 1556, two years before his father, Juan Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, 6th Duke of Medina Sidonia died and not inheriting the ducal title, therefore being only 9th Count of Niebla.

As his father, Juan Claros, had already died in 1556, Don Alonso became Duke, and master of one of the greatest fortunes in Europe, on the death of his grandfather in 1559, aged only around 9.

Grand Duke Cosimo I de ' Medici of Tuscany sold Cetona in 1556, to the marchese Chiappino Vitelli ( 1519-1575 ), who made the fortress into a private residence, and built the piazza below it, today named Piazza Garibaldi.

* Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf ( 1556 – 1605 )

* Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf ( 1556 – 1605 )

In 1556, Christoph, Duke of Württemberg, built a Protestant seminary, with Valentin Vannius becoming the first abbot two years later ; Johannes Kepler studied there 1586 – 89.