In 1524, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, arrived at Valenciennes, and — even when Henry II of France allied with him against the Protestants in 1552 — Valenciennes became ( c. 1560 ) an early center of Calvinism and in 1562 was location of the first act of resistance against persecution of Protestants in the Spanish Netherlands.

The immunity enjoyed by witnesses began also to be whittled down or interfered with by the parliament in England in 1540 with subornation of perjury and, in 1562, with perjury proper.

He became a member of parliament, and was sent in 1562 as ambassador to France, where he remained till 1566 ; and in 1572 he again went to France in the same capacity for a short time.

In 1562 Norton, who had served in an earlier parliament as the representative of Gatton, became M. P.

Although Palissy was Protestant, these nobles protected him from the ordinances of the parliament of Bordeaux, which, in 1562, seized the property of all the Protestants in this district.

In fact, her skin had been scarred by smallpox in 1562, leaving her half bald and dependent on wigs and cosmetics.

On 1562, John de Vere had contracted with Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon for Edward to marry one of Huntingdon's sisters ; when he reached the age of 18, he would choose either Elizabeth or Mary Hastings.

His brief imprisonment at Marignane in late 1561 came about purely because he had published his 1562 almanac without the prior permission of a bishop, contrary to a recent royal decree.

On 18 January 1562 the council of Trent, which had been suspended by Pope Julius III, was opened for the third time.

Great numbers of cattle die in Italy, as they had in previous years ( 1559, 1562, 1566, 1590, 1598 ) in other European regions when harvest failure also drives people to the brink of starvation ( for example, 1595 – 1597 in Germany ).

On 13 December 1562, Mary sent for Knox again after he gave a sermon denouncing certain celebrations which Knox had interpreted as rejoicing at the expense of the Reformation.

Ultimately, at least 150 of the congregation did make their way to Amsterdam meeting up with the Smyth party, who had joined with the Exiled English Church led by Francis Johnson ( 1562 – 1617 ), Barrowe's successor.

In accordance with the Hampton Court Treaty which they had signed with Condé on 20 September 1562, the English sent troops to support the Protestants, and these occupied Le Havre.

Zurita resigned these posts on the January 21, 1571, obtained a sinecure at Zaragoza, and dedicated himself wholly to the composition of his Anales de la Corona de Aragón, the first part of which had appeared in 1562 ; he lived to see the last volume printed at Zaragoza on the April 22, 1580, and died on the November 3 following.

Yaxley had been employed by Margaret Douglas ; his interrogation at the Tower of London in February 1562 revealed that he had obtained intelligence about the English Court from the Spanish ambassador, and the ambassador had entrusted him and Hugh Allen with messages and tokens for the Lennoxes and Darnley.

The first took place on the Cloostervelt near Hondschoote, in what is now the arrondissement of Dunkirk in French Flanders, very close to where the attacks later began, and the first one to be armed against disruption was held near Boeschepe on July 12, 1562, two months after religious war had broken out again over the ( then ) French border just nearby.

In 1562, Catherine de ' Medici had the castle restored as a powerful fortress, but, her son, Henry III, reduced the height of the towers and had the towers and walls stripped of their embattlements ; Henry III used the castle stones to build streets and develop the village of Angers.

Known as the " Isle of 8 Flags ", it has had the flags of the following nations flown over it since 1562: France, Spain, Great Britain, Spain ( again ), the Patriots of Amelia Island, the Green Cross of Florida, Mexico, the Confederate States of America, and the United States.

Historians estimate that in the 1560s, more than half of the nobility were Calvinist ( or Huguenot ), and 1, 200 – 1, 250 Calvinist churches had been established, by 1562 with the outbreak of war, there were 2 million Calvinists.

In early 1562, the regency government attempted to quell escalating disorder in the provinces, which had been encouraged by factional feuds at court, by instituting the Edict of Saint-Germain, also known as the Edict of January.

The crown tried to re-unite the two factions in its efforts to re-capture Le Havre, which had been occupied by the English in 1562 as part of the Treaty of Hampton Court between its Huguenot leaders and Elizabeth I of England.

After briefly attempting a clerical career, in 1562, he married a servant, Piera Parigi, with whom he claimed he had five children, of which only a son and two daughters survived him.

l ' Hôpital's dismissal had been urged for some time by the papal legate Ippolito d ' Este, and during the beginning of the French Wars of Religion which were the inevitable result of the massacre of Huguenots in Wassy ( on 1 March 1562 ), he found it necessary to retire to his estate at Vignay ( near Étampes ), from which he did not return until after the pacification of Amboise ( 19 March 1563 ).

He represented King Charles IX at the Council of Trent in 1562, but had to retire in consequence of the attitude he had adopted, and was sent as ambassador to Venice, where he remained till 1567, returning again in 1570.

Earlier attempts had been made by the Spanish in what is now Georgia ( San Miguel de Gualdape, 1526 – 27 ; several Spanish missions in Georgia between 1568 and 1684 ), South Carolina ( Santa Elena, 1566 – 87 ), North Carolina ( Joara, 1567 – 68 ) and Virginia ( Ajacán Mission, 1570 – 71 ); and by French in South Carolina ( Charlesfort, 1562 – 63 ).

Elizabeth I in 1562 confirmed the charters which former kings had granted to the abbots.

Although the Lennox threat never died out, Elizabeth did not convict the family of treason in 1562 after their arrest, nor did she encourage steps made to annul Margaret's claim to her throne by inquiring into her legitimacy.

This flag was a swallow-tailed ( double-tailed ), and the first legal description of the flag was made in a Royal warrant of April 19, 1562, reading " gult udi korssvijs fördeelt påå blott ", which translates to " yellow in the cross over the blue ".

Characteristically, she temporised ; but finding that O ' Neill was in danger of becoming a tool in the hands of Spanish intriguers, she permitted him to return to Ireland, " recognising " him as " The O ' Neill " and of Tyrone ( meaningless, as she had no authority to do so, and it was already done ); though a reservation was made of the rights of Hugh O ' Neill, who had meantime succeeded his brother Brian as baron of Dungannon, Brian having been murdered in April 1562 by his kinsman Turlough Luineach O ' Neill.

Sussex was the first representative of the English Crown who enforced authority to any considerable extent beyond the limits of the Pale ; the policy of planting English settlers in Offaly and Leix was carried out by him in 1562 with a certain measure of success ; and although he fell far short of establishing English rule throughout any large part of Ireland, he made its influence felt in remote parts of the island, such as Thomond and the Glynnes of Antrim, where the independence of the native septs had hitherto been subjected not even to nominal interference.

New attempts were made to create a Huguenot colony in the New World, again at the instigation of Coligny, this time in Florida from 1562 to 1565, under Jean Ribault and René de Laudonnière.

Its rebuilding was made 102 kilometres above ( 63 miles ), but in 1562 they asked for permission to move to another site due to strong winds blowing in the place.

Jacques de la Taille had written in 1562 the Maniére de faire des vers en français comme en grec et en Latin ( printed 1573 ), and other poets had made experiments in the same direction ; however, in his specific attempt to recapture the ancient Greek and Latin ethical effect of poetry on its hearers, and in applying the metrical innovations to music, he created something entirely new.

After Ercilla's return to Spain in 1562, he made several diplomatic journeys to Austria, where his mother was a maid of honor at the imperial court, and also visited Italy, France, Germany and Bohemia.

The judges of the Parlement were allowed to make remonstrances to the crown and specify areas where the new law conflicted with the old before it was published, and they made the process protracted enough that it was not registered until after the Massacre of Vassy on March 1, 1562, which initiated the first religious war.

Pope Pius IV, in 1562, made the Church of Sant ' Apollinare their central institution ; but they also gave instructions in schools, in the streets and lanes, and even in private houses.

Failure to so swear was a crime, although it did not become treason until 1562, when the Supremacy of the Crown Act 1562 made a second offence of refusing to take the oath treason.

Jenkinson made two important voyages himself — one trying to reach Cathay overland from Moscow, eventually stopping at Bukhara ; the other, between 1562 and 1579 to establish overland trade routes through Russia to Persia.

His other authentic works are: Here foloweth a Compenyous Regiment or Dyetary of health, made in Mountpyller ( Thomas Colwell, 1562 ), of which there are undated and doubtless earlier editions ; The Brevyary of health ( 1547?

He was made a Cardinal in 1562 at the age of 14 and succeeded his brother Francesco I de ' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1587 at the age of 38.

The Monumentum Ancyranum was first made known to the western world by Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, ambassador of Ferdinand of Austria, to the Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent ( 1555 – 1562 ) at Amasia in Asia Minor.

Perhaps the first mention of Sparganium in the English language was made by William Turner ( 1562 ).

He was made a knight of the Order of Saint Esprit in 1578, and married Marie de Luxembourg ( 1562 – 1623 ), Duchesse de Penthièvre and daughter of Sébastien, Duke of Penthièvre, on 12 July 1579 in Paris.

This was constructed in 1562 in Moorish style, made of brick in the form of a diamond.