With the exception of Lord Burghley, the most important politicians had died around 1590: The Earl of Leicester in 1588, Sir Francis Walsingham in 1590, Sir Christopher Hatton in 1591.

In December 1588 Oxford had secretly sold his London mansion of Fisher's Folly to Sir William Cornwallis ; by January 1591 the author Thomas Churchyard was dealing with rent owing for rooms he had taken in a house on behalf of his patron.

* 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – English naval forces under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake defeat the Spanish Armada off the coast of Gravelines, France.

Plymouth Hoe is perhaps best known for the probably apocryphal story that Sir Francis Drake played his famous game of bowls here in 1588 while waiting for the tide to change before sailing out with the English fleet to engage with the Spanish Armada.

* Sir Richard Wynn of Wales ( 1588 – 1649 ), Baronet, courtier, and Member of Parliament

* Lady Anne Seymour ( 1538 – 1588 ), married firstly John Dudley, 2nd Earl of Warwick ; she married secondly Sir Edward Unton, MP, by whom she had issue.

The Earl of Leicester died in 1588, followed by Sir Walter Mildmay, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, a year later, and Sir Francis Walshingham a year after that.

* Revenge, a galleon built in 1577, the flagship of Sir Francis Drake in the Battle of the Spanish Armada in 1588, was captured by a Spanish fleet off Flores in the Azores in 1591 and sank while being sailed back to Spain.

In 1588, Philip II of Spain sent his Spanish Armada to subdue Elizabeth I of England, but Admiral Sir Charles Howard forced its retreat, beginning the rise to prominence of the Royal Navy.

Adams served in the Royal Navy under Sir Francis Drake and saw naval service against the Spanish Armada in 1588 as master of the Richarde Dyffylde, a resupply ship.

One of the executors of the will was a Sir William Harvey ( not the famous medical researcher of the same name ); he was a veteran of the 1588 campaign against the Spanish Armada and the third husband of the Dowager Countess of Southampton, the mother of Shakespeare's patron Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton.

The story is set over the years 1588 – 1593, and concerns a retired Cornish seafaring gentleman, Sir Oliver Tressilian, who is villainously betrayed by a jealous half-brother.

Sir John Danvers ( 1588 – 1655 ) was an English courtier and politician.

* Sir Henry Shirley, 2nd Baronet ( c. 1588 – 1633 )

* Sir William Culpeper, 1st Baronet of Preston Hall ( 1588 – 1651 ), of the Culpeper baronets

Wollaton Hall was built between 1580 and 1588 for Sir Francis Willoughby and is believed to be designed by the Elizabethan architect, Robert Smythson, who was the architect of Hardwick Hall.

Thomas Digges married Anne, daughter of Warham St Leger ; and was the father of Sir Dudley Digges ( 1583 – 1639 ), politician and statesman, and Leonard Digges ( 1588 – 1635 ), poet.

In 1588, Sir William Douglas of Lochleven succeeded to the earldom of Morton, as the 6th earl.

Sir Robert Filmer ( 1588 – 26 May 1653 ) was an English political theorist who defended the divine right of kings.

With the assistance of Sir Richard Knightley, he set up a printing press, which for nearly a year from Michaelmas 1588 was in active operation.

* Sir Francis Drake 1588

* Sir Richard Wynn, 2nd Baronet ( c. 1588 – 1649 )

One of the oldest clocks in the collection is an astronomical clock of 1588 by Francis Nowe.

In 1588 – 89 St. Francis Solanus crossed the Chaco wilderness from Peru and stopped at Asunción, but gave no attention to the Guaraní.

Those holding this view include: 1600s: Sussex Baptists d. 1612: Edward Wightman 1627: Samuel Gardner 1628: Samuel Przypkowski 1636: George Wither 1637: Joachim Stegmann 1624: Richard Overton 1654: John Biddle ( Unitarian ) 1655: Matthew Caffyn 1658: Samuel Richardson 1608 – 1674: John Milton 1588 – 1670: Thomas Hobbes 1605 – 1682: Thomas Browne 1622 – 1705: Henry Layton 1702: William Coward 1632 – 1704: John Locke 1643 – 1727: Isaac Newton 1676 – 1748: Pietro Giannone 1751: William Kenrick 1755: Edmund Law 1759: Samuel Bourn 1723 – 1791: Richard Price 1718 – 1797: Peter Peckard 1733 – 1804: Joseph Priestley Francis Blackburne ( 1765 ) ( 1765 ).

The Castle was built in 1593 by Robert Adams, under the direction of Francis Godolphin, following the Spanish Armada of 1588.

* Francis Drake's attack on the Spanish Armada moored at Gravelines in 1588.

Henry I, Prince of Joinville, Duke of Guise, Count of Eu ( 31 December 1550 – 23 December 1588 ), sometimes called Le Balafré ( Scarface ), was the eldest son of Francis, Duke of Guise, and Anna d ' Este.

* Francis Higginson ( 1588 – 1630 ), colonial American Puritan and publisher

Francis Higginson ( 1588 – 6 August 1630 ) was an early Puritan minister in Colonial New England, and the first minister of Salem, Massachusetts.

* Louis I of Guise ( 1574 – 1588 ; nephew of Charles of Guise, son of Francis, Duke of Guise )

In 1588, Fulke Greville appears to have appealed to Francis Walsingham to prevent an unauthorized publication of parts of the original, as we learn from a letter that also serves as evidence for the circulation of Arcadia in manuscript form: Sir this day one Ponsonby a bookbinder in Paul's Churchyard, came to me, and told me that there was one in hand to print, Sir Philip Sidney's old Arcadia asking me if it were done with your honour's con or any other of his friends / I told him to my knowledge no, then he advised me to give warning of it, either to the Archbishop or Doctor Cosen, who have as he says a copy of it to peruse to that end / Sir I am loath to renew his memory unto you, but yet in this I must presume, for I have sent my Lady your daughter at her request, a correction of that old one done 4 or 5 years since which he left in trust with me whereof there is no more copies, and fitter to be printed than that first which is so common, notwithstanding even that to be amended by a direction set down under his own hand how and why, so as in many respects especially the care of printing it is to be done with more deliberation,

Wollaton Hall, Nottingham, England completed in 1588 for Sir Francis Willoughby by the Elizabethan architect, Robert Smythson.

Louis II, Cardinal of Guise ( 6 July 1555, Dampierre – 24 December 1588, Château de Blois ) was the third son of Francis, Duke of Guise and Anna d ' Este.

Only years later, after England's destruction of the Spanish Armada in 1588 ( in which Drake played a significant role ), did Queen Elizabeth allow an official account of Drake's voyage by Richard Hakluyt to be published — though with many of the details obscured.

In 1588, the exiled English Catholic William Cardinal Allen wrote " An Admonition to the Nobility and People of England ", a work sharply attacking Queen Elizabeth I.

In July 1588 the Spanish Armada arrived off the Isle of Wight with the intention of attacking Portsmouth.

* 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – The naval engagement ends, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.

In the mid-1580s, war with Spain could no longer be avoided, and when Spain finally decided to attempt to conquer England in 1588, the failure of the Spanish Armada associated her with one of the greatest victories in English history.

Portrait of Elizabeth to commemorate the defeat of the Spanish Armada ( 1588 ), depicted in the background.

On 12 July 1588, the Spanish Armada, a great fleet of ships, set sail for the channel, planning to ferry a Spanish invasion force under the Duke of Parma to the coast of southeast England from the Netherlands.

The period after the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 brought new difficulties for Elizabeth that lasted the fifteen years until the end of her reign.

In July and August 1588 England was threatened by the Spanish Armada.

* 1588 – Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral.

He was second-in-command of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada in 1588.

On 20 August 1588 the flagship of the Spanish Armada, El Gran Grifón, was shipwrecked in the cove of Stroms Heelor, forcing its 300 sailors to spend six weeks living with the islanders.

When Spain tried to invade and conquer England it was a fiasco, and the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth's name forever with what is popularly viewed as one of the greatest victories in English history.

* Ark Royal ( 1587 ), the flagship of the English fleet during the Spanish Armada campaign of 1588.

* 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel.

* 1588 – The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.

* 1588 – The Spanish Armada, with 130 ships and 30, 000 men, sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.

The Spanish Armada fighting the England | English navy at the Naval battle of Gravelines | Battle of Gravelines in 1588

The repulsion of the Spanish Armada ( 1588 ) by the English fleet revolutionized naval warfare by the success of a guns-only strategy and caused a major overhaul of the Spanish Navy, partly along English lines, which resulted in even greater dominance by the Spanish.

The English modified their vessels to maximize their firepower and demonstrated the effectiveness of their doctrine, in 1588, by defeating the Spanish Armada.

By far the most dangerous threat to the Tudor dynasty during Elizabeth's reign was the Spanish Armada of 1588.

Gladstone urged British Catholics to reject papal infallibility as they had opposed the Spanish Armada of 1588.

Soon after the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, London merchants presented a petition to Queen Elizabeth I for permission to sail to the Indian Ocean.