In 1641, Koxinga married the niece of Dong Yangxian, an official who was a Jinshi from Hui ' an.

John Astley, the official Master from 1622 to his death in January 1641, had appointed Herbert his deputy in 1623 ; Herbert paid Astley £ 150 per year, in return for the income the office provided ( and clearly, he wouldn't have continued this arrangement if it had not been profitable for him ).

Herbert had barely gained the official position of master in 1641 when the theatres were closed at the start of the English Civil War in August 1642.

** Dodo von Knyphausen ( 1641 – 1698 ), official of Brandenburg-Prussia

This particular family was also an official custodian of Shalimar Gardens since it was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 1641 AD till 1962 AD.

The English Civil War, 1642 – 1645, led to an expansion of the gunpowder industry, with the repeal of the Royal Patent in August 1641.

* Adventurers Act to raise money to suppress the Irish Rebellion of 1641 19 March 1642

As the middle ground between King and Parliament vanished in 1641 – 1642, Ussher was forced, reluctantly, to choose between his godly Calvinist allies in parliament and his instinctive loyalty to the monarchy.

After the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Limerick city was taken in a siege by Catholic general Garret Barry in 1642.

The Red Velvet Room once contained the largest and most expensive paintings in Lord Burlington's collection, including paintings by Sir Anthony van Dyck ( 1599 – 1641 ), Giacomo Cavedone ( 1577 – 1660 ), Peter Paul Rubens ( 1573 – 1640 ), Rembrandt van Ryn ( 1606 – 69 ), Salvator Rosa ( 1615 – 1673 ), Pier Francesco Mola ( 1612 – 1666 ), Jacopo Ligozzi ( c. 1547 – 1632 ), Jean Lemaire ( 1598 – 1659 ), Francisque Millet ( 1642 – 79 ) and Leonardo da Vinci ( 1452 – 1519 ).

In spring 1642 the Irish Catholics formed their own government, the Catholic Confederation, with its capital at Kilkenny, and began to raise their own regular troops, more organized and capable than the irregular militia of the 1641 rebellion.

* History of England from the Accession of James I to the Outbreak of the Civil War, 1603 – 1642 by Samuel Rawson Gardiner ( 1883 ): Volume I ( 1603 – 1607 ), Volume II ( 1607 – 1616 ), Volume III ( 1616 – 1621 ), Volume IV ( 1621 – 1623 ), Volume V ( 1623 – 1625 ), Volume VI ( 1625 – 1629 ), Volume VII ( 1629 – 1635 ), Volume VIII ( 1635 – 1639 ), Volume IX ( 1639 – 1641 ), Volume X ( 1641 – 1642 )

However in 1642, O ' Neill returned to Ireland with 300 veterans to aid the Irish Rebellion of 1641.

As Fragmenta regalia, written by Sir Robert Naunton, it was printed in 1641 and again in 1642, a revised edition Fragmenta Regalia, or Observations on the late Queen Elizabeth, her Times and Favourites, being issued in 1653.

* Henrik Piper 1641 – 1642 ( acting )

* George Carteret, 1641 – 1642

He was Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire for the parliamentarians between 1641 and 1642, when he joined the Royalists and was dismissed.

The latter's son, the third Baron, was shot in 1642 on the orders of Sir Phelim O ' Neill, the leader of the Irish Rebellion of 1641.

Boyle returned to Ireland on the outbreak of the rebellion in 1641 and fought with his brothers against the Irish rebels at the battle of Liscarroll in September 1642.

He took a leading part in the examination into the army plot ; was one of the commissioners appointed to attend the king to Scotland in August 1641 ; and was nominated one of the committee of safety in July 1642.

From 1641 to early 1642, the fighting in Ireland was characterised by small bands, raised by local lords or among local people, attacking civilians of opposing ethnic and religious groups.

These were: the Royalists loyal to King Charles, the Scottish Covenanters ( sent into Ulster in 1642 to protect Protestant planters after the massacres that marked the Irish rebellion of 1641 in that region ), the Parliamentarian army and the Irish Confederate army, to whom most of the inhabitants of Ireland gave their allegiance.

Martyn is mention in several of the 1641 Depositions concerning the events in Galway in from early 1642 to summer 1643, of which he took a leading part:

The Wars included the Bishops ' Wars of 1639 and 1640, the Scottish Civil War of 1644 – 45 ; the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Confederate Ireland, 1642 – 49 and the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649 ( collectively the Eleven years war or Irish Confederate Wars ); and the First, Second and Third English Civil Wars of 1642 – 46, 1648 – 49 and 1650 – 51.

The Rump had not agreed to its own dissolution when it was dispersed by Cromwell and legislation from the period immediately before the Civil War — the Act against dissolving the Long Parliament without its own consent ( 11 May 1641 ) -- gave them the legal basis for this view.

Baron Francis van Aarssens or Baron François van Aerssen ( 27 September 1572-27 December 1641 ), from 1611 on lord of Sommelsdijk, was a diplomat and statesman of the United Provinces.

The Spanish sent a fleet from Cartagena which destroyed the English colony at Providence island in 1641, and for a time the presence of an English base so close to the shore was eliminated.

However, the first English warship to bear the name Resolution was actually the first rate ( built in 1610 and rebuilt in 1641 ), which was renamed Resolution in 1650 following the inauguration of the Commonwealth, and continued to bear that name until 1660, when the name Prince Royal was restored.

( see History of Taiwan ) Further, the Dutch East India Company trade post on Dejima ( 1641 – 1857 ), an artificial island off the coast of Nagasaki, was for a long time the only place where Europeans could trade with Japan.

After the battle of the Boyne, Abbadie repaired to London, where he was presently appointed minister of the French church in the Savoy, which had been founded about 1641.

The King himself being thereby implicated, and the Long Parliament passed the Triennial Act, also known as the Dissolution Act, in May 1641, to which the Royal Assent was readily granted.

Led by John Pym, Parliament presented the King with the Grand Remonstrance which was passed in the House of Commons by 11 votes ( 159 – 148 ) on 22 November 1641.

The crisis was compounded two years later by the loss of Malacca to the Dutch in 1641, damaging the link with Goa.

Pierre Allix ( 1641 – 3 March 1717 ) was a French Protestant pastor and author.

The dam then broke in 1641 when the traditional retrospective reverence for Thomas Cranmer and other martyred bishops in the Acts and Monuments was displaced by forward-looking attitudes to prophecy, among radical Puritans.

He also launched the Wars of Castro ( 1641 ) against a fiefdom of Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, whom he excommunicated ; Castro was destroyed and its duchy incorporated into the Papal States.

In January 2010, a previously unknown letter from Descartes, dated 27 May 1641, was found by the Dutch philosopher Erik-Jan Bos when browsing through Google.

The Star Chamber ( Latin: Camera stellata ) was an English court of law that sat at the royal Palace of Westminster until 1641.

His ministry there became embroiled in controversy when Timothy Dalton was sent to the town as " teaching assistant " by the Boston church after New Hampshire was absorbed by Massachusetts in 1641.

Year 1641 ( MDCXLI ) was a common year starting on Tuesday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.

During the Rococo era Portraiture was an important component of painting in all countries, but especially in Great Britain, where the leaders were William Hogarth ( 1697 – 1764 ), in a blunt realist style, and Francis Hayman ( 1708 – 1776 ), Angelica Kauffman who was Swiss, ( 1741 – 1807 ), Thomas Gainsborough and Joshua Reynolds ( 1723 – 1792 ), in more flattering styles influenced by Antony Van Dyck ( 1599 – 1641 ).

An additional sample from another beam yielded a date of 1641, thus confirming the house had been constructed starting in 1638 as wood was not seasoned before use in building at that time in New England.

The first ever true carnival expression of this Brazilian festivity, officially recognized by Carnaval historians in Brazil, took place in Rio de Janeiro, with the " préstitos ", very similar to a musical processions, in 1641, when D. João IV was crowned in Portugal as a King and parties were celebrated in Rio public streets.

The Polus Antarcticus map of 1641 by Henricus Hondius, bears the inscription: ” Insulas esse a Nova Guinea usque ad Fretum Magellanicum affirmat Hernandus Galego, qui ad eas explorandas missus fuit a Rege Hispaniae Anno 1576 ( Hernando Gallego, who in the year 1576 was sent by the King of Spain to explore them, affirms that there are islands from New Guinea up to the Strait of Magellan )”.

Under the Swedish and subsequently Saxon authorities he remained involved in the civic affairs of the city, becoming in 1641 a Kammerer and in 1646 Burgermeister, a position he was to hold for thirty years.