This close approximation to the modern value of − 273. 15 ° C for the zero of the air-thermometer was further improved upon in 1779 by Johann Heinrich Lambert, who observed that − 270 ° C might be regarded as absolute cold.

The concept of allotropy was originally proposed in 1841 by the Swedish scientist Baron Jöns Jakob Berzelius ( 1779 – 1848 ).

In 1778 Britain was again at war, and Phillip was recalled to active service, and in 1779 obtained his first command, HMS Basilisk.

The Iron Bridge completed in 1779 was the first cast iron bridge.

In 1779, New Pennacook Plantation was granted to Timothy Walker, Jr. and his associates at what would be incorporated in 1800 as Rumford, Maine, the site of Pennacook Falls.

Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin ( 2 November 1699 – 6 December 1779 ) was an 18th-century French painter.

The artist's last known oil painting was dated 1776 ; his final Salon participation was in 1779, and featured several pastel studies.

Organised worship in England for those whose beliefs anticipated those of Christadelphians only truly became possible in 1779 when the Act of Toleration 1689 was amended to permit denial of the Trinity, and only fully when property penalties were removed in the Doctrine of the Trinity Act 1813.

English deism, however, was already in decline before Hume's works on religion ( 1757, 1779 ) were published.

He met the influential early neoclassical painter Raphael Mengs ( 1728 – 1779 ), and through Mengs was introduced to the pathbreaking theories of art historian Johann Joachim Winckelmann ( 1717 – 1768 ).

In 1779, David was able to see the ruins of Pompeii, and was filled with wonder.

Francis Scott Key ( August 1, 1779 – January 11, 1843 ) was an American lawyer, author, and amateur poet, from Georgetown, who wrote the lyrics to the United States ' national anthem, " The Star-Spangled Banner ".

As part of the fledgling nation's government, he was treasurer of the Continental Loan Office in 1778 ; appointed judge of the Admiralty Court of Pennsylvania in 1779 and reappointed in 1780 and 1787 ; and helped ratify the Constitution during the constitutional convention in 1787.

A British relief force was defeated in the naval Battle of Grenada on 6 July 1779.

The word geology was first used by Ulisse Aldrovandi in 1603, then by Jean-André Deluc in 1778 and introduced as a fixed term by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure in 1779.

Perhaps the most notable of these was the Protestant pastor Georg Conrad Horst ( 1779 – 1832 ), who from 1821 to 1826 published a six-volume collection of magical texts in which he studied grimoires as a peculiarity of the Mediaeval mindset.

Upon his return to Britain in 1779, Vancouver was commissioned as a lieutenant and posted aboard the sloop surveying coastlines.

Hilaire Marin Rouelle ( February 1718, Mathieu – April 7, 1779, Paris ) was a French chemist.

The Madron parish register records ‘ Humphry Davy, son of Robert Davy, baptized at Penzance, January 22nd, 1779 .’ Robert Davy was a wood carver at Penzance, who pursued his art more for enjoyment than for profit.

Captain James Cook, FRS, RN ( 7 November 1728 – 14 February 1779 ) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy.

Cook was killed in Hawaii in a fight with Hawaiians during his third exploratory voyage in the Pacific in 1779.

On 11 February 1779 Keppel was acquitted of all charges and became a national hero.

* 1698 – William Warburton, English Bishop of Gloucester ( d. 1779 )

* December 24 – William Warburton, English critic and Bishop of Gloucester ( d. 1779 )

William Warburton ( 24 December 1698 – 7 June 1779 ) was an English critic and churchman, and served as Bishop of Gloucester from 1759 until his death.

Edward Stanley FRS ( 1 January 1779 – 6 September 1849 ) was a British clergyman and Bishop of Norwich between 1837 and 1849.

* Edward Stanley ( bishop ) ( 1779 – 1849 ), Bishop of Norwich

* Hugh Douglas Hamilton ( 1740 – 1808 ) Frederick Hervey, Bishop of Derry and Fourth Earl of Bristol ( 1730 – 1803 ), with his Granddaughter Lady Caroline Crichton ( 1779 – 1856 ), in the Gardens of the Villa Borghese, Rome c. 1790

* 1763 – 1779 George Chinnery ( afterwards Bishop of Killaloe and Kilfenora, 1779 )

* Adam Friedrich von Seinsheim 1755 – 1779 ( Bishop of Bamberg 1757 – 1779 )

* Franz Ludwig von Erthal 1779 – 1795 ( also Bishop of Bamberg )

* Member of the Continental Congress ( 1774 – 1779, 1784 – 1785, 1787 )

Both Needham and Weybread were run by William Mann in 1779, and Weybread mill was run by a miller and baker called Jacob Stanton from 1785.

He also served as President of the Continental Congress from 1779 to 1781, chief justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court from 1784 to 1785, and the 18th Governor of Connecticut from 1786 until his death.

He was continuously elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives for each year from 1779 through 1785.

Stone accepted election to the Maryland Senate from 1779 until 1785, at first in order to promote the Articles of Confederation, which Maryland was the last state to approve.

Being threatened with prosecution for this step, and also for libel, he took refuge by changing his Dublin address often-some are recorded as follows: 16 Dorset Street in 1779, 21 Cornmarket till 1783, 180 Abbey Street till 1785, 67 Bride Street in 1786, 97 Bride Street till 1788, and a return to 67 Bride Street from 1789 till 1795 when he fled to the United States, where he remained till 1798.

He was a member from Albany County in the New York State Assembly from 1777 to 1779, in 1780-81, and from 1785 to 1787.

Westall was apprenticed to a heraldic silver engraver in 1779, where he was encouraged to become a painter by John Alefounder ; he then began studying at the Royal Academy School of Arts from 10 December 1785.

Basset, a mine owner, gained his titles for erecting earthworks to defend Plymouth from combined French and Spanish fleets in 1779, and suppressing a miners ' " food riot " in 1785.

Potocki organized archaeological excavations in Italy, inter alia in Laurentum in 1779 and Nola in 1785 – 1786.

In 1780, 1781 and 1785 he was re-elected, but chose to remain in New Hampshire and serve at the revolutionary capital in Exeter, where he was a representative from 1778 – 1779 and a member of the executive council from 1781-1784.

De Bury received a royal pension beginning in 1779, and was ennobled by Louis XVI in 1785, a few months before his death, which occurred at Versailles.

He received his early education at Winchester School, where his father sent him in 1779, and from 1785 at Pembroke College, Oxford, probably on the advice of Richard Valpy, receiving graduating BA in 1790, MA in 1792, BD in 1801, and DD in 1803.

* Three nameless, stillborn, children ( 1778, 1779, 1785 )

Construction of the bullring started in 1779 and finished in 1785.

He was the first Attorney General of North Carolina ( 1777 – 1779 ) and a colonel in the state ’ s militia during the American Revolutionary War ; he also served in the North Carolina General Assembly ( the House of Commons in 1782, 1783, 1784, 1785, 1793, and the Senate in 1796 ).

* Benjamin Franklin — Appointed Sep 14, 1778 ; Presented credentials Mar 23, 1779 ; Termination of mission May 17, 1785

He served there from 1779 until 1785.