It was discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 15, 1781 and was subsequently entered in Messier ’ s catalogue of nebulae and star clusters after Charles Messier made observations of his own on April 13, 1781.

On 13 August 1780, he was set apart to the ministry, but he still continued his studies at the academy ; and in 1781, in accordance with the provisions of an exhibition which he held, he entered King's College, University of Aberdeen, where he took the degree of master of arts in March 1785.

Giovanni Battista Beccaria ( 3 October 1716 – 27 May 1781 ), Italian physicist, was born at Mondovì, and entered the religious order of the Pious Schools in 1732, where he studied, and afterward taught, grammar and rhetoric.

* John Reed, Jr. ( 1781 – 1860 ), American politician from Massachusetts, son of John Reed, Sr. ( below ), entered Congress in 1813

George Taylor's will was filed in January 1781, the month before his death, and was entered into probate in Northampton County on March 10.

He entered the army in 1769, served in the American War of Independence in 1781 as a colonel under Rochambeau.

Revived in 1781, they then entered their period of greatest influence and usefulness, one that extended to the 1880s.

He was educated at the military schools of Vendôme and Paris ; he entered the navy and took part in various engagements of the years 1781 – 1782.

He entered the army as an ensign in the 25th Regiment of Foot in 1779, was promoted lieutenant in 1781, and captain into the 75th Regiment of Foot in 1783.

He entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1777, completing his BA in 1781 and was ordained a Deacon of the Church of England in Norwich, Norfolk 11 March 1781.

He arrived in London in 1781 to further his training in Benjamin West's studio, entered the Royal Academy schools in 1782 with plans to be a miniature painter, and began to exhibit a year later.

By 1781 Oldknow had entered into partnership with his brother, Thomas, and he returned to live at Anderton in 1782, expanding into the manufacture of cotton goods.

August Wilhelm, Duke of Brunswick-Bevern ( 1715 in Braunschweig – 1781 in Stettin ), Prussian soldier, son of Ernest Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was born in Braunschweig in 1715, and entered the Prussian army in 1731, becoming colonel of an infantry regiment in 1739.

In April 1781 he entered the Royal Navy as a volunteer on board the frigate HMS Artois, with Captain John MacBride, and in her was present at the battle on the Dogger Bank.

In 1781 he entered Magdalene College, Cambridge as a sizar and graduated in 1784.

He studied at the college of Mayenne, received the tonsure aged twelve, became prior of Torbechet while still little more than a child, then derived sufficient income for his education, entered the College of Louis le Grand in 1781, and after completing his theological studies at the Seminary of St. Magloire, was ordained deacon in October 1790.

The Continental Army having been funded by $ 20, 000 in French gold, Washington delivered the final blow to the British in 1781, after a French naval victory allowed American and French forces to trap a British army in Virginia.

In October 1781 Lord Cornwallis surrendered his army at Yorktown, Virginia.

In 1781, the combined action of Continental and French land and naval forces trapped the British army on the Virginia Peninsula, where troops under George Washington and Comte de Rochambeau defeated British General Cornwallis in the Siege of Yorktown.

French intervention proved decisive in forcing a British army under Lord Cornwallis to surrender at the Battle of Yorktown in 1781.

The defeat of the British army during the Siege of Yorktown in October 1781, signaled the end of Britain's struggle to suppress the American Revolution.

During the early part of 1781, Lord Cornwallis marched his sizable army through the boundaries of Goochland.

In 1781, Robeson and 70 Patriots defeated an army of 400 Loyalists at the Battle of Elizabethtown.

Verplanck is also known for its Revolutionary War history, specifically the location of the strategic Kings Ferry between Stony Point and Verplanck's Point, which George Washington's army used to cross the Hudson on its march to Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781.

In 1781, during the Revolutionary War, British General Cornwallis ' army camped near the settlement and commandeered provisions from local farms and mills prior to his engagement with Nathanael Greene's troops at New Garden, in modern day Greensboro.

In October 1781, the French force played a key role in the surrender of a British army at Yorktown.

This newly formed army, along with state militia forces, and the French army and navy, defeated the British in 1781.

The main British army was surrounded by Washington's American and French forces at Yorktown in 1781, as the French fleet blocked a rescue by the Royal Navy.

Washington's strategy forced the first army out of Boston in 1776, and was responsible for the surrender of the second and third armies at Saratoga ( 1777 ) and Yorktown ( 1781 ).

Near the end of the war, the Continental Army was augmented by a French expeditionary force ( under General Rochambeau ) and a squadron of the French navy ( under the Comte de Barras ), and in the late summer of 1781 the main body of the army travelled south to Virginia to rendezvous with the French West Indies fleet under Admiral Comte de Grasse.

Despite the setback at Saratoga, and the entry of France, Spain and the Dutch Republic into the war North's government continued to gain strength until October 1781 when a British army under Lord Cornwallis was forced to surrender to a combined Franco-American force at Yorktown.

In 1781 Knox accompanied Washington's army south and participated in the decisive Siege of Yorktown.

In the memorable year 1781, when the whole force of the southern British army was directed to the immediate subjugation of this state, he was called to the helm of government ; this was a juncture which indeed ' tried men's souls.

In 1781 France sent a fleet under de Grasse, along with an expeditionary force, which enjoyed more success and was credited with contributing to the surrender of the British army at Yorktown in 1781.

In the summer of 1781, the French army under the Comte de Rochambeau marched through Connecticut, encamping in the Ridgebury section of town, where the first Catholic mass in Ridgefield was offered.

Lee's Legion raided the British outpost of Georgetown, South Carolina with General Francis Marion in January 1781 and helped screen the American army in their Race to the Dan River the following month.

) He raised an army of some 40, 000 and laid siege to the city of La Paz in 1781.

French aid proved decisive in forcing the main British army to surrender at the Battle of Yorktown in 1781.

In May 1781, George Washington slept in New Preston at the Cogswell Tavern, which still stands on present-day Christian Street and is used as a private residence.

He was finally allowed to return to Paris in 1781 to settle his affairs and attempt to find copies of the disputed records, but his differences with various French officials, coupled with the publication in Rivington's Royal Gazette in New York of private letters to his brother in which he repudiated the Revolution as hopeless and suggested a rapprochement with Britain, led to his being barred from entry and branded a traitor at home.

If claimed earlier year of birth and the subsequent service record are correct George Fruits joined the militia belonging to Captain George Miars ( of Washington County, Pennsylvania ) as a private on November 2, 1781, aged 19.

In 1746, parcels and private correspondence were first delivered by courier, and starting in 1781 money, too, could be delivered to one's door.