In 1851, Douglass merged the North Star with Gerrit Smith's Liberty Party Paper to form Frederick Douglass ' Paper, which was published until 1860.

In 1851, Otto Funke published a series of articles in which he described growing hemoglobin crystals by successively diluting red blood cells with a solvent such as pure water, alcohol or ether, followed by slow evaporation of the solvent from the resulting protein solution.

He also published what he said was an eyewitness account of the San Francisco fire of 1851 which he said was in June although it took place in May.

* 1851 – Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is first published as The Whale by Richard Bentley of London.

In March 1851, Frederick Scott Archer published his findings in " The Chemist " on the wet plate collodion process.

According to his The New York Times obituary published on April 3, 1872, Morse received respectively the decoration of the Atiq Nishan-i-Iftikhar ( English: Order of Glory ) medal on wearer's right depicted in photo of Morse with medals, set in diamonds, from the Sultan Ahmad I ibn Mustafa of Turkey ( c. 1847 ), a golden snuff box containing the Prussian gold medal for scientific merit from the King of Prussia ( 1851 ); the Great Gold Medal of Arts and Sciences from the King of Württemberg ( 1852 ); and the Great Golden Medal of Science and Arts from Emperor of Austria ( 1855 ); a cross of Chevalier in the Légion d ' honneur from the Emperor of France ; the Cross of a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog from the King of Denmark ( 1856 ); the Cross of Knight Commander of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, from the Queen of Spain, besides being elected member of innumerable scientific and art societies in this States and other countries.

The St Helena Advocate and Weekly Journal of News, published in 1851, was the first island newspaper, but closed two years later mainly due to competition from the government-funded St Helena Chronicle ( 1852 ).

These formed the subject of his first published papers in 1851.

The New York Times ( NYT ) is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851.

Dr. John Lingard ( 5 February 1771 – 17 July 1851 ) was an English historian, the author of The History Of England, From the First Invasion by the Romans to the Accession of Henry VIII, an 8-volume work published in 1819.

* Hermann von Helmholtz, great German polymath, invented the ophthalmoscope ( 1851 ) and published important work on physiological optics, including colour vision ( 1850s ).

His works were collected and published by a number of his adherents — F Hoffman, J Hamberger, E v. Schaden, Lutterbeck, von Osten-Sacken and Schluter — Baader's sämmtliche Werke ( 16 vols., 1851 – 1860 ).

Badham published editions of Euripides, Helena and Iphigenia in Tauris ( 1851 ), Ion ( 1851 ); Plato's Philebus ( 1855, 1878 ); Laches and Eutzydemus ( 1865 ), Phaedrus ( 1851 ), Symposium ( 1866 ) and De Platonis Epistolis ( 1866 ).

Costumes for the Duke of Mantua and Gilda published by Casa Ricordi shortly after the 1851 premiere

The Oxford English Dictionary dates the English common name " barn swallow " to 1851, though an earlier instance of the collocation in an English-language context is in Gilbert White's popular book The Natural History of Selborne, originally published in 1789:

To the same category belong three later works: " Ueber den Einfluss der Palästinensischen Exegese auf die Alexandrinische Hermeneutik " ( Leipzig, 1851 ); " Ueber Palästinensische und Alexandrinische Schriftforschung ," published in the program for the opening of the Breslau seminary ( Breslau, 1854 ); " Zu dem Targum der Propheten " ( Breslau, 1872 ).

He published Die vier Elemente der Baukunst ( The Four Elements of Architecture ) in 1851 and Wissenschaft, Industrie und Kunst ( Science, Industry and Art ) in 1852.

He published four volumes of Système de politique positive ( 1851 – 1854 ).

This paper had a considerable circulation, and in it, in 1851 — 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin was first published.

Rawlinson remained at home for two years, published in 1851 his memoir on the Behistun inscription, and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel.

" Shortly after, In June 1851, when she was 40, the first installment of her Uncle Tom's Cabin was published in the National Era.

Installments were published weekly from June 5, 1851, to April 1, 1852.

She regarded the experience as a turning point in her life, and issued her findings anonymously in 1851 ; The Institution of Kaiserswerth on the Rhine, for the Practical Training of Deaconesses, etc.

" In 1869, he anonymously published a pamphlet entitled Paragraph 143 of the Prussian Penal Code of 14 April 1851 and Its Reaffirmation as Paragraph 152 in the Proposed Penal Code for the North German Confederation.

He was the author of A Popular Introduction to the Study and Practice of Chess, published anonymously in 1851.

* Babylon und Jerusalem ( 1851 ), letter to Countess Ida Hahn-Hahn

She justified her step in a polemical work entitled Von Babylon nach Jerusalem ( 1851 ), which elicited a vigorous reply from Heinrich Abeken, and from several others as well.

He wrote frequently for the two magazines which he edited, the Zeitschrift für die Religiösen Interessen des Judenthums ( Leipzig, 1844 – 46 ), and the Monatsschrift für die Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judenthums, begun in 1851, and which he edited until 1868, when Grätz succeeded him as editor.

Fontane's Gedichte ( 1851 ) and ballads Männer und Helden ( 1860 ) tell of Britain's former glories.

* Geschichte des römischen Kaisers Hadrian und seiner Zeit (" History of the Roman Emperor Hadrian and His Times ", 1851 )

* Zend-Avesta oder über die Dinge des Himmels und des Jenseits ( 1851 ).

His chief other works were: Leib und Seele ( 1837 ), Grundriss der Psychologie ( 1840 ), Grundriss der Logik und Metaphysik ( 1841 ), and Psychologische Briefe ( 1851 ).

Among these may be mentioned the Lehrbuch der griechischen Antiquitäten ( new ed., 1889 ) dealing with political, religious and domestic antiquities ; the Geschichte und System der Platonischen Philosophie ( 1839 ), unfinished ; an edition of the Platonic Dialogues ( 6 vols, 1851 – 1853 ); and Culturgeschichte der Griechen und Römer ( 1857 – 1858 ), published after his death by CG Schmidt.

* Kling und Horwitz: The Chess Player, July 1851

The Struwwelpeter characters make another appearance in Heinrich Hoffmann's 1851 illustrated children's book König Nussknacker und der arme Reinhold.

* Michael Rauck: Karl Freiherr Drais von Sauerbronn: Erfinder und Unternehmer ( 1785 – 1851 ).

His Das apostolische und das nachapostolische Zeitalter ( 1851 ), which developed out of a prize essay ( 1849 ), passed through three editions in Germany ( 3rd ed., 1885 ), and was translated into English ( 2 vols., 1886 ).

In music, it was first used by Richard Wagner in his polemical 1851 article " Oper und Drama ", as a disparaging term for the French romanticism of Hector Berlioz and Giacomo Meyerbeer from 1830 onwards, which he regarded as a degenerated form of true romanticism.

In 1785, the dynasty of Thurn und Taxis succeeded Hannover and established its own postal department, which was not closed until 1851.

Mit der Sammlung von Khlesls Briefen und anderen Urkunden ( 4 vols., 1847 – 1851 ).

Wagner had aggressively attacked grand opera in his long essay " Oper und Drama " (" Opera and Drama ", 1851 ) and other works.

:* Adolf Jellinek, Moses b. Schem-Tob de Leon und Seine Verhältniss zum Sohar, Leipsic, 1851 ;

His Schau um dich, und schau in dich ( 1851 ), which made his name, has passed through more than thirty editions.

As late as 1851, shortly after her death, he wrote the little epic Mutter und Kind, intended to show that the relation of parent and child is the essential factor which makes the quality of happiness among all classes and under all conditions equal.

In an article entitled " Ueber den Begriff und die Möglichkeit einer Völkerpsychologie als Wissenschaft " ( in Prutz's " Deutsches Museum ," 1851 ) he laid the foundation for the study of this science.

His chief works are: several poems for a poetical annual, the " Alpenblumen ", a translation of St. Chrysostom's " On the Priesthood " ( 1833 ); studies upon Oswald's treatise of Wolkenstein, which led to the discovery of a valuable manuscript containing " Titurel " and the " Nibelungenlied ", " Das Land Tirol " ( 1837-8 ); " Meran und seine Umgebung " ( 1845 ); " Die Stadt Bozen und ihre Umgebung " ( 1849 ); " Das Tal Passeier und seine Bewohner " ( 1851 ), containing an account of Andreas Hofer and the events of 1809 ; " Erhuldihistorischen Bildern und Fragmenten " ( 1841 ); " Lieder aus Tirol " ( 1842 ), a selection of his poems ; " Blüten heiliger Liebe und Andacht.