The surviving station was opened on 1 August 1854 by the North Devon Railway ( later the London and South Western Railway ), although a service had operated from Fremington since 1848 for goods traffic only.

The present-day Separate Baptists in Christ descend from that association and others organized by it, which consists of the following surviving associations: Nolynn ( KY, 1819 ); Ambraw ( IL, 1844 ); Northern Indiana ( IN, 1854 ); Central Indiana ( IN, 1870 );

" A dungeon built at San Quentin in 1854 is thought to be California's oldest surviving public work.

Maria is Britain's oldest surviving wooden narrowboat, built in 1854 by Jinks Boatyard in Marple, and was never converted to have an engine.

Middle Hall ( built 1844 ) and East and West Halls ( built 1854 ) hold a special place in the history of Washington College in that they are the oldest surviving campus buildings.

The school was established in 1877 and in 1896 it bought out its older rival Mannamead School ( founded in 1854 ), and was temporarily known as Plymouth and Mannamead College ( hence the surviving abbreviation PMC ).

One of these, Dublin University Football Club, founded in 1854, has arguably become the world's oldest surviving football club in any code.

In 1854, the federal government hired West Point engineering graduate ( and Louisiana native ) Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard to fireproof the building, rebuild the arches supporting the basement ceiling and install masonry flooring.

These bands are descended from the drummers and pipers who led infantry regiments in columns ( first documented in 1854 at the Battle of Balaklava ), and who used their drums or bugles to sound orders on the battlefield.

Eight volumes consisting of 1824 printed columns, a bibliography and a detailed preface were finally published on 13 April 1854.

This meeting did not take place ; but the originator of the idea never ceased advocating it, especially after he had established his own newspaper, The Israelite ( July 1854, restyled The American Israelite in July 1874 ), in the columns of which he tirelessly expounded his views upon the subject.

In 1854 Litfaß proposed putting up columns in the streets of Berlin for announcement and advertising purposes.

In late 1854, Lincoln ran as a Whig for the U. S. Senate seat from Illinois.

* George Finlay ( 1854 ), History of the Byzantine and Greek Empires from 1057 – 1453, Volume 2, William Blackwood & Sons

It was excavated by Spiegelthal in 1854, who found that it covered a large vault of finely cut marble blocks approached by a flat-roofed passage of the same stone from the south.

* 1854 – The Hinomaru is established as the official flag to be flown from Japanese ships.

In January 2012, the Welsh Government announced the repeal the Abergavenny Improvement Acts of 1854 to 1871 which obliged the holding of a livestock market within the boundaries of Abergavenny town ; that repeal being effective from 26 March 2012.

Antares has a secondary companion star, Antares B, that changed from an angular separation of 3. 3 arcseconds in 1854 to 2. 86 arcseconds in 1990.

1854, from the John Leech ( caricaturist ) | John Leech Archive

Jean Antoine Villemin first recognized bovine tuberculosis in 1854 and transmitted it, and Robert Koch first distinguished Mycobacterium bovis from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

However, rail links with Paris from 1854 and the growing importance of nearby Biarritz as a tourist centre brought industrialisation and development.

A check from Lloyd's of London records proved the existence of the Meta, built in 1854 and that in 1880 the Meta was renamed Ellen Austin.

The military has seized power three times in Colombia's history: in 1830, after the dissolution of Great Colombia ; again in 1854 ( by General José María Melo ); and from 1953 to 1957 ( under General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla ).

In the Eureka Oath from Peter Lalor's famous speech in 1854 under the Eureka Flag he proclaimed " We swear by the Southern Cross to stand truly by each other and fight to defend our rights and liberties.

The Colonna family have been Prince Assistants to the Papal Throne since 1710, though their papal princely title only dates from 1854.

The family moved to Peoria, Illinois in 1854 but Professor Abbott was unable to find a sufficient number of music students to make ends meet and the family suffered from financial problems.

Although Chapman was the named editor, it was Evans who did most of the work in running the journal, contributing many essays and reviews, from the January 1852 number until the dissolution of her arrangement with Chapman in the first half of 1854.

On the quayside may be seen the Pier Hotel of 1860 and Great Eastern Hotel of 1864, both reflecting the town's new importance to travellers following the arrival of the railway line from Colchester in 1854.

By the age of 16, Booth was interested in the theatre and in politics, becoming a delegate from Bel Air to a rally by the Know Nothing Party for Henry Winter Davis, the anti-immigrant party's candidate for Congress in the 1854 elections.

A German Requiem was partially inspired by his mother's death in 1865 ( at which time he composed a funeral march that was to become the basis of Part Two, Denn alles Fleisch ), but it also incorporates material from a symphony which he started in 1854 but abandoned following Schumann's suicide attempt.

Stuart graduated from West Point in 1854 and served in Texas and Kansas with the U. S. Army, a veteran of the frontier conflicts with Native Americans and the violence of Bleeding Kansas.

Dr Login received a knighthood in 1854 from Queen Victoria and was known as Sir John Spencer Login ( he had added the ' r ' to his middle name to change it from Spence to Spencer ).

Manufacture of kerosene under the Gesner patents began in New York in 1854, and later in Boston, being distilled from bituminous coal and oil shale.

On 24 September 1853, under orders from Napoleon III, Admiral Febvrier Despointes took formal possession of New Caledonia and Port-de-France ( Nouméa ) was founded 25 June 1854.

The dispersion of the descendants of Shem, Ham, and Japheth ( map from the 1854 Historical Textbook and Atlas of Biblical Geography )

In 1854 and 1856 Ferdinand de Lesseps obtained a concession from Sa ' id Pasha, the Khedive of Egypt and Sudan, to create a company to construct a canal open to ships of all nations.

At Oxford one hundred years ago there were very few Catholics, partly because religious tests were removed only in 1854.

At the Southern Commercial Convention of 1854, Pike said the South should remain in the Union and seek equality with the North, but if the South " were forced into an inferior status, she would be better out of the Union than in it.

Ben Nevis was the name of a White Star Line packet ship which in 1854 carried the group of immigrants who were to become the Wends of Texas.

They contend that the Boers of the South African Republic ( ZAR ) and Orange Free State republics were recognized as a separate people or cultural group under international law by the Sand River Convention ( which created the South African Republic in 1852 ), the Bloemfontein Convention ( which created the Orange Free State Republic in 1854 ), the Pretoria Convention ( which re-established the independence of the South African Republic 1881 ), the London Convention ( which granted the full independence to the South African Republic in 1884 ) and the Vereeniging Peace Treaty, which formally ended the Second Anglo-Boer War on 31 May 1902.

Similar treaties were subsequently negotiated by the United Kingdom ( Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty, October 1854 ), the Russians ( Treaty of Shimoda, 7 February 1855 ), and the French ( Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan, 9 October 1858 ).

The independent Princedom of Serbia, had conducted the first population census in 1834 ; the subsequent censuses were conducted in 1841, 1843, 1846, 1850, 1854, 1859, 1863 and 1866 and 1874.

After 1854 extreme clippers were replaced in American shipbuilding yards by medium clippers.

Meanwhile, Newson ’ s malting business expanded and five more children were born, Alice ( 1842 ), Millicent ( 1847 ), who was to become a leader in the constitutional campaign for women's suffrage, Sam ( 1850 ), Josephine ( 1853 ) and George ( 1854 ).

Early versions were constructed by the Scottish chemist John Stenhouse in 1854 and the physicist John Tyndall in the 1870s.

Black rats were introduced in 1854 and eradicated in 1938 by feral cats introduced the year before.

The word " Kerosene " was registered as a trademark by Abraham Gesner in 1854, and for several years, only the North American Gas Light Company and the Downer Company ( to which Gesner had granted the right ) were allowed to call their lamp oil " Kerosene " in the United States.

In 1854 the hami ( sultan ) of Muscat ( later Muscat and Oman, now Oman ), ceded the islands to Britain and in 1868 they were attached to the Aden Settlement ( in modern Yemen ).

Glass and iron were used in a similar monumental style in the construction of major railway terminals in London, such as Paddington Station ( 1854 ) and King's Cross Station ( 1852 ).

Important literary precursors of Modernism were: Fyodor Dostoyevsky ( 1821 – 81 ) ( Crime and Punishment ( 1866 ), The Brothers Karamazov ( 1880 ); Walt Whitman ( 1819 – 92 ) ( Leaves of Grass ) ( 1855 – 91 ); Charles Baudelaire ( 1821 – 67 ) ( Les fleurs du mal ), Rimbaud ( 1854 – 91 ) ( Illuminations, 1874 ); August Strindberg ( 1849 – 1912 ), especially his later plays, including, the trilogy To Damascus 1898 – 1901, A Dream Play ( 1902 ), The Ghost Sonata ( 1907 ).

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

Perforations began in January 1854, and the first officially perforated stamps were issued in February 1854.

After a period of trial and error and modifications of Archer's invention, new machines based on the principles pioneered by Archer were purchased and in 1854 the U. K. postal authorities started continuously issuing perforated postage stamps in the Penny Red and all subsequent designs.

In 1856, under the direction of Postmaster General James Campbell, Toppan and Carpenter, ( commissioned by the U. S. government to print U. S. postage stamps through the 1850s ) purchased a rotary machine designed to separate stamps, patented in England in 1854 by William and Henry Bemrose, who were printers in Derby, England.

The diadic tensions originally arose out of the 1854 political union of British-Canadian Tories, French-Canadian traditionalists, and the monarchist and loyalist leaning sections of the emerging commercial classes at the time-many of whom were uncomfortable with the pro-American and annexationist tendencies within the liberal Grits.

In 1854 Vickers ' sons Thomas ( a militia officer known familiarly as ' Colonel Tom ') and Albert joined the business and their considerable talents – Tom Vickers as a metallurgist and Albert as a team-builder and salesman – were key to its subsequent rapid development.

The first general plan of the city was made in 1854, during which, St. Hripsime and St. Gayane women's colleges were opened and the English Park was founded.

The branches were closed in 1854 except for the Wallingford branch, which operated until devastated by a tornado in 1878.