South Australia became a self-governing colony in 1856 with the ratification of a new constitution by the British parliament.

On the beaches of Normandy in about 1856 / 1857, he met fellow artist Eugène Boudin, who became his mentor and taught him to use oil paints.

In 1856 Kekulé became Privatdozent at the University of Heidelberg.

Cantor's father had been a member of the Saint Petersburg stock exchange ; when he became ill, the family moved to Germany in 1856, first to Wiesbaden then to Frankfurt, seeking winters milder than those of Saint Petersburg.

Glan Rhondda ( Banks of the Rhondda ), as it was known when it was composed, was first performed in the vestry of the original Capel Tabor, Maesteg, ( which later became a working men's club ), in either January or February 1856, by Elizabeth John from Pontypridd, and it soon became popular in the locality.

Lord Canning ( created earl in 1859 ), appointed Governor-General of India in 1856, became known as " Clemency Canning " as a term of derision for his efforts to restrain revenge against the Indians during the Indian Mutiny.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

The college was later renamed Pembroke Hall, and finally became Pembroke College in 1856.

The castle became then the seat of the Baron of Posada, a title and a fief created in 1431 for Don Nicolò Carroz and formally ended in 1856, when it was finally bought by the kingdom of Sardinia ( the last one of all Sardinian fiefs ).

In 1856, Anthony further attempted to unify the African-American and women's rights movements when, recruited by abolitionist Abby Kelley Foster, she became an agent for William Lloyd Garrison's American Anti-Slavery Society of New York.

A study of 65 predominantly Yankee counties showed that they voted only 40 % for the Whigs in 1848 and 1852, but became 61 – 65 % Republican in presidential elections of 1856 through 1864.

Juliette Kinzie, in her 1856 memoir, stated that he was a native of Santo Domingo ( now the Dominican Republic ), and this became generally accepted by scholars as his place of birth.

Despite concerns that Sullivan at nearly 12 years of age was too old to give much service as a treble before his voice broke, he was accepted and soon became a soloist and, by 1856, was promoted to " first boy ".

Eagle Pencil began in 1856 and quickly became one of the four major pencil manufacturers in the United States ( Joseph Dixon Crubicle, Eberhard Faber and American Lead Pencil were the others.

He published more than 100 research papers and influenced many students who later became distinguished botanists and microbiologists such as Sergei Winogradsky ( 1856 – 1953 ), William Gilson Farlow ( 1844 – 1919 ), and Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet ( 1838 – 1902 ).

When the fourth volume of Grätz's history appeared Hirsch impeached the orthodoxy of the new institution ( 1856 ), and his attacks became more systematic when Frankel in 1859 published his Hebrew introduction to the Mishnah.

The Louisville Girls High School opened as Female High School in 1856 at what became the intersection of Armory Place and Muhammad Ali Boulevard.

During the Kansas campaign he and his supporters killed five pro-slavery southerners in what became known as the Pottawatomie Massacre in May 1856 in response to the raid of the " free soil " city of Lawrence.

A minister from the Netherlands, Dirk Van der Hoff went to the Transvaal in 1853, and became a minister in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk, which was constituted in 1856, and in 1860 recognised as the State Church of the South African Republic, separate from the Cape Church.

In 1856 Buchanan became the county seat.

Tampa was reincorporated as a town on December 15, 1855, and Judge Joseph B. Lancaster became the first mayor in 1856.

In 1856, Hunt had joined the Ethnological Society of London and by 1859 he was its joint secretary.

He published Essays, Ecclesiastical and Social, in 1856, and a novel, Perversion, or the Causes and Consequences of Infidelity, but is best known as the joint author ( with JS Howson ) of The Life and Epistles of St Paul ( 1851 ).

As early as 1856 Cremona had begun to contribute to the Annali di scienze matematiche e fisiche, and to the Annali di matematica, of which he became afterwards joint editor.

There he published, together with Joseph A. Crowe, their first joint work, Early Flemish Painters ( 1856 ), later followed by the History of Painting in Italy ( 3 vol., 1864-1866 ).

* 1856 – Frank Harris, Irish author and editor ( d. 1931 )

** Frank Harris, Irish author and editor ( b. 1856 )

Frank Harris ( February 14, 1856 – August 27, 1931 ) was an editor, journalist and publisher, who was friendly with many well-known figures of his day.

* Timothy Thomas Fortune ( 1856 – 1928 ), orator, civil rights leader, journalist and founder of The New York Age, editor and publisher ; his Red Bank home, Maple Hill, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

* August 27-Frank Harris, author and editor ( born 1856 )

He was the author of numerous mathematical and physical treatises on such subjects as algebraic geometry ( 1823 ), the differential and integral calculus ( 1825 ), the steam engine ( 1828 ), besides hand-books on various departments of natural philosophy ( 1854 – 1856 ); but it is as the editor of Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopaedia ( 1830 – 1844 ) that he is best remembered.

His father was a Presbyterian evangelist, and editor of the Charleston Christian Observer from 1826 to 1845, of the Richmond ( VA ) Watchman and Observer from 1845 to 1856, and of The Central Presbyterian from 1856 to 1860.

With George Ripley, he edited the Christian Register, a Unitarian weekly, beginning in 1833 ; in 1834, in association with Sumner, he became editor of The American Jurist ( 1829 – 1843 ), a legal journal to which Sumner, Simon Greenleaf and Theron Metcalf contributed ; and from 1856 to 1861 he was an associate editor of the Boston Courier.

O ' Brien became editor of the magazine, but was unable to continue its success and discontinued it in 1856 because of financial losses and his own illness.

Jules François Archibald, known as J. F. Archibald, ( 14 January 1856 – 10 September 1919 Sydney ), Australian journalist and publisher, was co-owner and editor of The Bulletin during the days of its greatest influence in Australian politics and literary life.

* William R. Turnbull, editor, in " The Library of Old Authors " ( 1856 )

* Ewaryst Estkowski ( 1820 – 1856 ), Polish teacher, education activist, editor of Szkoła Polska ( Polish School ) magazine

* Timothy Thomas Fortune ( 1856 – 1928 ), American orator, civil rights leader, journalist, writer, editor and publisher

He was also an editor of Crelle's Journal from 1856 – 80, during which time it was known as Borchardt's Journal.

With Ferdinand-Jean Darier ( 1856 – 1938 ) and Henri Gougerot ( 1881 – 1955 ), he was editor of an eight volume encyclopedia of dermatology titled Nouvelle Pratique Dermatologique.

* Thanem, Rolf W. ( editor ) E. C. Dahls bryggeri A / S 125 år 1856 – 1981 ( 1981 )

On March 20, 1856, became the editor of the Bucyrus Journal.

John Milton Niles ( August 20, 1787 – May 31, 1856 ) was a lawyer, editor, author and politician from Connecticut, serving in the United States Senate and as United States Postmaster General 1840 to 1841.

Remaining dormant for five years, distrust of city authorities again reached the surface when on May 14, 1856, James King of William, editor of the San Francisco Bulletin and a vocal critic of corrupt officials, was mortally wounded by James P. Casey, a purported ballot-box stuffer and city politician.

Lothrop Withington ( January 31, 1856 – May 7, 1915 ) was a well-known American genealogist, historian, and book editor who was killed in the sinking of the RMS Lusitania.

At the age of 11, Manning went to work for the Albany Atlas which later consolidated with the Argus in 1856 where he became the editor in 1865 and owner in 1873.

* 27 August-Frank Harris, author, editor, journalist and publisher ( born 1856 ).