He graduated from Harvard University in 1855, subsequently studying engineering and chemistry, and taking the degree of bachelor of science at the Lawrence scientific school of the same institution in 1857 ; and in 1859 became an assistant in the United States Coast Survey.

In 1859, while attending the free school, the Académie Suisse, Pissarro became friends with a number of younger artists who likewise chose to paint in the more realistic style.

Haiti again became an empire from 1849 to 1859 under Faustin Soulouque.

The possibility of linking humans with earlier apes by descent only became clear after 1859 with the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species.

The young Villiers was to have a long parliamentary career, while Cockburn became Lord Chief Justice of England in 1859 ).

The military rule over the island which began from 1708 dissolved in 1859 and Puerto de Cabras ( now Puerto del Rosario ) became entirely the new capital.

Petroleum became a major industry following the oil discovery at Oil Creek Pennsylvania in 1859.

Lord Canning ( created earl in 1859 ), appointed Governor-General of India in 1856, became known as " Clemency Canning " as a term of derision for his efforts to restrain revenge against the Indians during the Indian Mutiny.

After he became regent in 1859, Prussia bought its first 312 steel cannon from Krupp, which became the main arms manufacturer for the Prussian military.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

After the publication of the improved method of flame spectroscopy by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff and the discovery of caesium and rubidium in the years 1859 to 1860, flame spectroscopy became an approved method to determine the composition of minerals and chemical products.

They became engaged in 1858 and married at St Michael at the Northgate, Oxford, on 26 April 1859, settling temporarily at 41 Great Ormond Street, London.

Occupied by Piedmontese troops in 1859, Ravenna and the surrounding Romagna area became part of the new unified Kingdom of Italy in 1861.

While this eastern part became the Governorate of Bessarabia, the western part of Moldavia united, in 1859, with Wallachia in what would become the Kingdom of Romania.

Garfield gradually became discontented with teaching and began to study law in 1859.

In 1859, following a late night excursion to count the rings of tree stumps during a rain storm, he became ill with bronchitis.

Ferrara remained a part of the Papal States from 1598 to 1859, when it became part of the Kingdom of Italy.

During the war between Austria, France and Italy in 1859, he became Chief Medical Officer in the military.

Salem incorporated as a city in 1857 and with the coming of statehood in 1859 became the state capital.

In 1859, Albert Niemann of the University of Göttingen became the first person to isolate the chief alkaloid of coca, which he named " cocaine ".

The village became the county seat in 1859, replacing the Village of Angelica.

In 1819 the city became a free port, a status it retained until 1859.

Crossing the Kaskaskia became much easier when the bridge now known as the General Dean Suspension Bridge was built in 1859, at a cost of $ 40, 000.

Under the ownership of James Johnstone The Standard became a morning paper from 29 June 1857, with The Evening Standard being published from 11 June 1859.

* 1940 – George Lansbury, English politician and editor ( b. 1859 )

* ( editor ) The Struggle for Supremacy in Germany, 1859 – 1866 by Heinrich Friedjung, 1935.

* Magill, Frank Northern ( editor ) ( 1979 ) " Santaroga Barrier, The – Frank Herbert " Survey of Science Fiction Literature Salem Press, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, pp. 1859 – 1862, ISBN 0-89356-194-0

Meanwhile, Acton became the editor of the Roman Catholic monthly paper, The Rambler, in 1859, on John Henry ( later Cardinal ) Newman's retirement from the editorship.

John Mitford ( 1781 – 1859 ), was editor of the Gentleman's Magazine and of various editions of the English poets.

The editor of Prince Edward Island's main Tory newspaper, The Islander, from 1859 to 1872, he entered politics in 1863.

In 1859 he became associated with Schlömilch as editor of the Zeitschrift für Mathematik und Physik, taking charge of the historical and literary section.

In 1847 he became the editor of the first Italian chess column, L ' Album in Rome and by 1859 he was co-editor with Augusto Ferrante of the chess journal La Rivista degli Scacchi which was also based in his home city.

His success with it led to his being given the position of editor of the Boston Atlas and Bee, which he held from 1859 through 1861.

George Perry Graham, PC ( 31 March 1859 – 1 January 1943 ) was a journalist, editor and politician in Ontario, Canada.

* Einar Hjörleifsson Kvaran ( 1859 – 1938 ), Icelandic editor, novelist, poet, playwright and prominent spiritualist

* Reginald W. Sackville West ( editor ) ( 1859 ), Works

He also served as the editor for " The Quarterly journal of Prophecy " from 1848 to 1873 and for the " Christian Treasury " from 1859 to 1879.

Ernest Percival Rhys ( 17 July 1859 – 25 May 1946 ) was an English writer, best known for his role as founding editor of the Everyman's Library series of affordable classics.

In order to give Italy an extensive reference atlas modelled on foreign examples such as Stieler's Atlas ( Stielers Handatlas ) in Germany, shortly after World War I preparatory work to this end began under the direction of Luigi Vittorio Bertarelli ( founder of the TCI, 1859 – 1926 ) with collaboration of Olinto Marinelli as scientific editor and Pietro Corbellini as chief cartographer.

In 1859 Spofford became associate editor of the Cincinnati Commercial.

* 26 January-Thomas Houghton, Anglican Clergyman and editor of the Gospel Magazine ( born 1859 ).

His first volume of his own works was published in Morpeth in 1859, a copy of which came to the attention of James Thomas Clephan, at that time editor of the “ Gateshead Observer ”, a relatively new newspaper and the first in Gateshead When told by Skipsey of his dire situation, Clephan obtained a job for him at Hawks Crawshay and Son ironworks in Gateshead.

Brightman, but remained editor, covering the state legislative sessions of 1859 – 1861 himself.

* Nils Vogt ( editor ) ( 1859 – 1927 ), Norwegian newspaper editor

Bond published little, but he was the editor of four volumes of facsimiles of Anglo-Saxon charters from 679 to the Conquest, The Speeches in the Trial of Warren Hastings ( 1859 – 1861 ), and a number of other historic documents.

In 1857 he became editor of the Melbourne Argus, but resigned in 1859 and returned to the bar.

In 1859 he was employed by the Gazzetta musicale di Milano as assistant editor, but soon became editor, a position he held until 1862, at which time he became a critic for La perseveranza, a position he held for the rest of his life.