Similarly, after Garibaldi's overthrow of Bourbon rule in Palermo, during the 1860 Unification of Italy, Palermo's Castellamare Citadel-symbol of the hated and oppressive former rule-was ceremoniously demolished.

For example, the Italian revolutionary Garibaldi, during his famous Expedition of the Thousand in 1860, proclaimed himself " Dictator of Sicily ", which did not prevent him from being extremely popular in Italian and international public opinion.

It is said that during a visit to Alde House around 1860, one evening while sitting by the fireside, Elizabeth and Emily Davies selected careers for advancing the frontiers of women's rights ; Elizabeth was to open the medical profession to women, Emily the doors to a university education for women, while 13-year-old Millicent was allocated politics and votes for women.

Since 1809, the Grand Duchy had benefited from a customs organization, an independent domestic state budget, its own currency ( Finnish markka, since 1860 ) and the industrial progress during 1860 – 1916.

After the merger, with all operations under the management of Sir George Simpson ( 1826 – 1860 ), the company had a corps of commissioned officers, 25 chief factors and 28 chief traders, who shared in the profits of the company during the monopoly years.

Christian refugees during the 1860 strife between Druze and Maronites in Lebanon

The immediate followers of Pretorius now became extremely incensed at the action of the Lydenburg party, and a mass meeting was held at Potchefstroom ( October 1860 ), where it was resolved that: ( a ) the volksraad no longer enjoyed its confidence ; ( b ) that Pretorius should remain president of the South African Republic, and have a year's leave of absence to bring about union with the Free State ; ( c ) that Schoeman should act as president during the absence of Pretorius ; ( d ) that before the return of Pretorius to resume his duties a new volksraad should be elected.

A more successful and safer regulator was mass produced in France from 1865 to 1965 ( although production was twice interrupted during that period ): invented by Benoît Rouquayrol in 1860 for survival in flooded mines it was adapted to diving in 1864 with the help of French Navy officer Auguste Denayrouze.

The Pony Express from 1860 to 1861 was to prove that the Central Nevada Route across Nevada and Utah and the sections of the Oregon Trail across Wyoming and Nebraska was viable during the winter.

* USS Merrimack ( 1855 ), 1856 – 1860, best known as the hull upon which ironclad CSS Virginia was built during the American Civil War

The undertaking involved 120 riders, 184 stations, 400 horses and several hundred personnel during January and February 1860.

On August 21, 1860, during the famous " Battaglia di Piazza Duomo " ( Cathedral Square Battle ), Giuseppe Garibaldi conquered the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

The 1860 Leiden Observatory, during restoration ( 2010 )

The Chinese came to California in large numbers during the California Gold Rush, with 40, 400 being recorded as arriving from 1851 – 1860, and again in the 1860s when the Central Pacific Railroad recruited large labor gangs, many on five year contracts, to build its portion of the Transcontinental Railroad.

In 1860 during the Reform War, the United States Navy fought the Battle of Anton Lizardo against rebels which were declared pirates by the Mexican government.

Bhatia believes that the earlier famines were localised, and it was only after 1860, during the British rule, that famine came to signify general shortage of foodgrains in the country.

Before and during the American Civil War, the new editors pushed an abolitionist agenda and strongly supported Abraham Lincoln, whom Medill helped secure the Presidency in 1860.

In 1860, during the Second Opium War, Anglo-French forces took control of the Forbidden City and occupied it until the end of the war.

These titles were used during the unified Kingdom of Italy which lasted from 1860 – 1946.

In 1860, during Garibaldi's Expedition of the thousand, there was a riot.

This Russian weapon is a 36-pounder carronade ( calibre 6. 75 inches-weight 17 cwt ) of a type used during the Crimean War ( 1854 to 1860 ), displayed on a simple wooden replica carriage.

The historic courthouse was begun in mid-summer of 1860, used as a Union hospital during the American Civil War and served as the courthouse until February 1994, at which time all county offices were relocated in the new Phelps County Courthouse.

In 1860 slaves made up 25 percent or more of the county's population, and the county was strongly pro-Confederate during the American Civil War.

* 1860 – The Second Maori War begins in New Zealand.

This unit was originally organized as the Second Dragoon Regiment in 1836 and was renamed the Second Cavalry Regiment in 1860, being redesignated as the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment in the 1960s.

* 1860 – The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.

* 1860 – In the Second Opium War, an Anglo-French force defeats Chinese troops at the Battle of Palikao.

* On 18 October 1860 the first Convention of Peking formally ended the Second Opium War.

By a treaty concluded in 1860 between the Sardinian king and Napoleon III, the County was again ceded to France as a territorial reward for French assistance in the Second Italian War of Independence against Austria, which saw Lombardy unified with Piedmont-Sardinia.

In 1860, the colony was extended with the Kowloon peninsula and in 1898, the Second Convention of Peking further expanded the colony with the 99 year lease of the New Territories.

Looting of the Yuan Ming Yuan by Anglo-French forces in the Second Opium War in 1860.

In China, France took part in the Second Opium War along with Britain, and in 1860 French troops entered Peking.

Ordinance of Secession in 1860 ; killed at Second Battle of Manassas during Civil War

The Second Opium War, the Second Anglo-Chinese War, the Second China War, the Arrow War, or the Anglo-French expedition to China, was a war pitting the British Empire and the Second French Empire against the Qing Dynasty of China, lasting from 1856 to 1860.

After the Xianfeng emperor and his entourage fled Beijing, the June 1858 Treaty of Tianjin was finally ratified by the emperor's brother, Yixin, the Prince Gong, in the Convention of Peking on 18 October 1860, bringing The Second Opium War to an end.

* The 2009 auction ( for US $ 36 million ) of two imperial bronze zodiac sculptures collected by Yves Saint Laurent, looted in 1860 from the Old Summer Palace of Beijing by French and British forces at the close of the Second Opium War caused controversy.

In 1860 Gordon volunteered to serve in China ( see the Second Opium War and the Taiping Rebellion ).

In 1860, with the outbreak of the Second Taranaki War, tensions in the area were running sufficiently high that a blockhouse was built in Upper Hutt.

On 18 October 1860, at the culmination of the Second Opium War, the British and French troops entered the Forbidden City in Beijing.

In 1860 during the Second Opium War, two British envoys, a journalist for The Times and their small escort of British and Indian troopers met with the Royal Prince to negotiate.

The members of the Titsingh mission were the last European diplomats to savor the mid-winter splendor of the vast Summer Palace before its destruction by the Lord Elgin's troops during the punitive Second Opium War in 1860.

Looting of the Old Summer Palace by Anglo-French forces in 1860 during the Second Opium War.