Chemists William Crookes and Claude-Auguste Lamy discovered thallium independently in 1861, in residues of sulfuric acid production.

* 1861 – The Great Comet of 1861 is discovered by John Tebbutt of Windsor, New South Wales, Australia.

German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.

Thallium ( Greek,, meaning " a green shoot or twig ") was discovered by flame spectroscopy in 1861.

** Comet C / 1861 J1 ( the " Great Comet of 1861 ") is discovered in Australia.

In 1861 gold was discovered at Gabriel's Gully in Central Otago, sparking a gold rush.

In 1829, gold was discovered in the north Georgia mountains, resulting in the Georgia Gold Rush leading to the establishment of a federal mint in Dahlonega that continued operation until 1861.

It was discovered even earlier by Louis Deschamps in Java between 1791 and 1794, but his notes and illustrations, seized by the British in 1803, were not available to western science until 1861.

In 1861 gold was discovered at Gabriel's Gully in Central Otago, sparking a gold rush.

The uncommon gold telluride mineral calaverite was discovered in the county in 1861, and is named for it.

In 1861 gold was discovered and Baker County became one of the Northwest's largest gold producers.

* CASTILE Captain Pentecost Mitchell ( 1861 – 1933 ) discovered iron ore on this location in 1886.

The Red Wing pottery and stoneware industry began in 1861 when county potter John Paul discovered the large, glacially deposited clay pits beds on the northwest of the city, close to Hay Creek.

An observer of objects in the solar system, Schiaparelli worked with binary stars, discovered the asteroid 69 Hesperia on April 26, 1861, and demonstrated that the Perseids and Leonids meteor showers were associated with comets.

Category: Astronomical objects discovered in 1861

Gold was discovered in Victoria in 1851 and the subsequent gold rush led to a huge influx of migrants, with the local population increasing from 29, 000 in 1851 to 139, 916 in 1861 ( Sydney had 93, 686 at the time ).

Indeed, Archaeopteryx was discovered just two years later, in 1861, and represents a classic transitional form between dinosaurs and birds.

* The Yellowhead Pass, running west from the Athabasca River ; this pass was discovered by John Palliser ( 1858 ), was crossed by Lord Milton and Dr W. B. Cheadle ( 1861 ), and by Sandford Fleming ( 1871 – 1872 ) in the Ocean to Ocean expedition ;

The first major gold deposits in Otago were discovered around the Tuapeka River at Gabriel's Gully by Gabriel Read in 1861, and the following year large amounts of the precious metal were discovered close to the site of modern Cromwell.

One of the apes was recovered and sent to the Zoological Museum in Berlin, where Professor Paul Matschie ( 1861 – 1926 ) classified the animal as a new form of gorilla and named it Gorilla beringei after the man who discovered it.

His discovery of the asteroid Lutetia in 1852 was followed by further findings and by 1861 Goldschmidt had discovered 14 asteroids.

He was previously inaugurated as a provisional president on February 18, 1861.

The sites chosen were the Elisha Sharp House ( also known as the Sharp-Wasson-Worth House, c. 1825 ), the Stewart House ( 1830 ), the R. H. Johnson Stable, the Mount Zion church and Cemetery ( 1830 ), Zeigler's Mill ( 1850, previously Gettys Mill ), the Washington Ferry ( 1808 ), the Pisah Church ( 1818 ), the old gymnasium ( c. 1822 ), the old Meigs County Courthouse ( 1904 ), the old Volunteer Electric Cooperative BUilding ( 1935 ), the Ashley House ( 1885 ), and the Sam Eaves Store ( c. 1861 ).

* The Kirkdale Building, previously the Sydenham Public Lecture Hall, it was built in 1861 by Sydenham resident Henry Dawson.

James Russell Lowell was born February 22, 1819, the son of the Reverend Charles Russell Lowell, Sr. ( 1782 – 1861 ), a minister at a Unitarian church in Boston who had previously studied theology at Edinburgh, and Harriett Brackett Spence Lowell.

Virgil's older brother James had previously enlisted, but returned home in late 1861 after he was badly wounded during a battle near Fredericktown, Missouri.

The territory was officially organized by Act of Congress on February 28, 1861, out of lands previously part of the Kansas, Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico territories.

Possibly as an insurance policy with which to mitigate any subsequent criticism, Adams wisely had gone on record early in the selection process ( 15 February 1861 ), as supporting the idea, in principle, that the directorship be made an independent position, rather than continuing to be attached to a professorship which might cause time and energy conflicts due to heavy academic duties, as had seemed to be the case previously.

The Lone Star and Stripes, previously the Naval Ensign of Texas, was used as a provisional between 1861 and 1868, after Florida seceded from the Union and declared itself a " sovereign and independent nation.

* Department of New Mexico ( 1861 – 1898 ) New Mexico Territory ; previously part of the District of California and the Department of the West.

After the emancipation of the serfs in 1861, peasants gained control of about half of the land they had previously cultivated, and began to ask for the redistribution of all land.

The regiment has previously been known as the 2nd Regiment of Dragoons ( 5 / 1836-3 / 1843, 4 / 1844-8 / 1861 ); 2nd Regiment of Riflemen ( 3 / 1843-4 / 1844 ); 2nd U. S. Cavalry Regiment ( 8 / 1861-7 / 1942 ); 2nd Cavalry Regiment ( Mecz ) ( 1 / 1943-12 / 1943 ); 2nd Cavalry Group ( Mecz ) ( 12 / 1943-7 / 1946 ); 2nd Constabulary Regiment ( 7 / 1946-11 / 1948 ); 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment ( 11 / 1948-7 / 1992 ); 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment ( Light ) ( 7 / 1992-6 / 2006 ); 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment ( 6 / 2006-7 / 2011 ) and most recently 2nd Cavalry Regiment ( July 2011-present ).

The emancipation law of 1861 freed the peasants from dependence on the landowners and granted them all the land, previously worked by the peasants for their own use.

Doyle's great-great-grandfather, Robert Bennett, previously served as Lord Mayor of Melbourne ( then known as simply Mayor ) from 1861 to 1862.

* Department of New Mexico ( 1861 – 1898 ) New Mexico Territory ; previously part of the District of California and the Department of the West.

The reform, together with a related reform in 1861, amounted to the liquidation of serf dependence previously suffered by peasants of the Russian Empire.

The building, built in 1861, previously housed a blacksmith.

The school moved to the village in 1861 taking over a site in the west of the village that had previously been the Bishops ' Palace and which has been designated by English Heritage as a grade II listed building,

However, the lieutenancy never materialized and Devens instead offered Walker an appointment as a sergeant major, which he assumed on August 1, 1861, after re-tailoring his previously ordered lieutenant's uniform to reflect his enlisted status.

The Cheyenne and Arapaho had previously yielded a large area of the Eastern Plains in 1861 ( largely to make room for the gold rush ).

The congregation's building on Arlington Street in Back Bay was built in 1861 ; they were previously located in downtown Boston in Federal Street Church ( Boston ).